usual exequatur, the liberty of having, in the ports of the other, where foreign commerce is usually permitted, consuls, vice-consuls, and commercial agents, of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers as those of the most favored nations; but if any such consul, vice-consul, or commercial agent, shall exercise commerce, he shall be subjected to the same laws and usages to which private individuals of the nation are subjected in the same place. And whenever either of the two contracting parties shall select for a consular agent a citizen or subject of this last, such consular agent shall continue to be regarded, notwithstanding his quality of foreign consul, as a citizen or subject of the nation to which he belongs, and consequently shall be submitted to the laws and regulations to which natives are subjected. This obligation, however, shall not be so construed, so as to embarrass his consular functions, nor to affect the inviolability of the consular archieves.. ART. 19. The said consuls, vice-consuls, and commercial agents shall have the right, as such, to judge in quality of arbitrators, such differences as may arise between the masters and crews of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, without the interference of the local authorities, unless the conduct of the crew, or of the captain, should disturb the public peace or order of the country, or such consul, vice-consul, or commercial agent should require their assistance to cause his decisions to be carried into effect or supported. Nevertheless, it is understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort, on their return home, to the judicial authorities of their own country. ART. 20. The said consuls, vice-consuls, and commercial agents may cause to be arrested and sent back, either on board or to their own country, sailors and all other persons who, making a regular part of the crews of vessels of the respective nations, and having embarked under some other name than that of passengers, shall have deserted from the said vessels. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent local authorities, proving, by the register of the vessel, the roll of the crew, or, if the vessel shall have departed, with a copy of the said papers, duly certified by them, that the persons they claim formed part of the crew; and on such a reclamation, thus substantiated, the surrender of the deserters shall not be denied. Every assistance shall also be given to them for the recovery and arrest of such deserters; and the same shall be detained and kept in the prisons of the country, at the request and cost of the consuls, until the said consuls shall have found an opportunity to send them away. It being understood, however, that if such an opportunity shall not occur in the space of four months from the date of their arrest, the said deserters shall be set at liberty, and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. Nevertheless, if the deserter shall be found to have committed any other crime or offense on shore, his surrender may be delayed by the local authorities until the tribunal before which his case shall be pending shall have pronounced its sentence, and until such sentence shall have been carried into effect. ART. 21. It is agreed that every person who, being charged with or condemned for any of the crimes enumerated in the following article, committed within the States of one of the high contracting parties, shall seek asylum in the States, or on board the vessels of war of the other party, shall be arrested and consigned to justice on demand made, through the proper diplomatic channel, by the gov ernment within whose territory the offense shall have been committed. This surrender and delivery shall not, however, be obligatory on either of the high contracting parties, until the other shall have presented a copy of the judicial declaration or sentence establishing the culpability of the fugitive, in case such sentence or declaration shall have been pronounced. But if such sentence or declaration shall not have been pronounced, then the surrender may be demanded, and shall be made, when the demanding government shall have furnished such proof as would have been sufficient to justify the apprehension, and commitment for trial, of the accused, if the offense had been committed in the country where he shall have taken refuge. : ART. 22. Persons shall be delivered up, according to the provisions of this treaty, who shall be charged with any of the following crimes, to wit:-Murder, (including assassination, parricide, infanticide, and poisoning;) attempt to commit murder rape; piracy; arson; the making and uttering of false money; forgery, (including forgery of evidences of public debt, bank bills, and bills of exchange;) robbery with violence; intimidation or forcible entry of an inhabited house; embezzlement by public officers, including appropriation of public funds; when these crimes are subject, by the code of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies to the punishment della reclusione, or other severer punishment, and by the laws of the United States to infamous punishment. ART. 23. On the part of each country the surrender of fugitives from justice shall be made only by the authority of the executive thereof. And all expenses whatever of detention and delivery, effected in virtue of the preceding articles, shall be at the cost of the party making the demand. ART. 24. The citizens and subjects of each of the high contracting parties shall remain exempt from the stipulations of the preceding articles, so far as they relate to the surrender of fugitive criminals, nor shall they apply to offenses committed before the date of the present treaty, nor to offenses of a political character, unless the political offender shall also have been guilty of some one of the crimes enumerated in article 22. ART. 25. The present treaty shall take effect from the day in which ratifications shall be exchanged, and shall remain in force for the term of ten years, and further, until the end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same; each of the said contracting parties reserving to itself the right to give such notice at the end of said term of ten years, or at any subsequent time. DECLARATION. It having been stipulated in article 11 of the treaty of the 1st December, 1845, that the red and white wines, of every kind, of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, including those of Marsala, which may be imported directly into the United States of America, whether in vessels of the one or of the other country, shall not pay other or higher duties than the red and white wines of the most favored nations; and in like manner, that the cottons of the United States of America which may be imported directly into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, whether in vessels of the one or of the other nation, shall not pay other or higher duties than the cottons of Egypt. Bengal, or the most favored nations; And it being agreed in the new treaty concluded between the United States of America and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, and to-day signed by the undersigned, not only that no duties of customs shall be paid on merchandise, the produce of one of the two countries imported into the other country, other or higher than shall be paid on merchandise of the same kind the produce of any other country, but also, that, as to all duties of navigation or of customs, there shall not be made, as to the vessels of the two countries, any distinction whatever between direct and indirect navigation; The undersigned declare, as to the construction of the new treaty, from the day on which the ratification thereof shall be exchanged, that the red and white wines, of every kind, of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, including the wine of Marsala, which shall be imported into the United States of America, shall not pay other or higher duties than are paid by the red and white wines of the most favored nations. And, in like manner, that the cottons of the United States which shall be imported into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies shall not pay other or higher duties than the cottons of Egypt, Bengal, or the most favored nations. The present declaration shall be considered as an integral part of the said new treaty, and shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof exchanged, at the same time as those of the treaty itself. The above treaty having been ratified by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate, and by the King of the Two Sicilies, and the ratifications exchanged within the time (twelve months) specified, is now in full force. STATISTICS OF POPULATION, &c. CENSUS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. The census taken under the authority of the State of New York in 1855, presents results which every citizen of the State may contemplate with equal pride and gratification. The returns, according to the message of Governor King, made to both branches of the Legislature, January 6th, 1857, are all in the hands of the printers, and in a state of forwardness. Meanwhile, the Superintendent of the Census has furnished the Governor with some facts which are presented in the message in a condensed form. The first is a summary of the population of the State at each census since 1790, with the increase between each period, and the annual per centage of the increase upon each preceding census :— census is the tendency of our Several agricultural counties The unlimited field of enter One of the most prominent indications of the population to centralize in cities and large villages. have not increased in population for many years. prise offered in manufactures, trade, and commerce, appears to have caused the growth of cities and towns along the lines, and at the centers of our great routes of transportation and travel. The nativity of the population, according to the official statement, is as follows:-Natives of the State, 2,222,321; of other parts of the Union, 306,123; showing a native American population, in 1855, of 2,528,444. The foreign population of the State is put down at 920,530. The number whose nativity is not known, amounts to 17,238. Showing the total population of the State, as above stated, to be 3,466,212; an increase of 2.38 per cent over the United States census of 1850. The number of deaf, dumb, blind, insane, and idiotic, in the State is 7,112, as follows: Deaf & dumb. Blind. 1,136 Insane. Idiotic. It will be seen, by the preceding statement, that not quite one-third of the population is of foreign birth. The number of church edifices in the State, according to the census, is 5,077, which, with edifices and lots, are valued at $27,769,328; the value of other real estate belonging to the several church corporations, is $3,710,816. The 5,077 churches will seat 2,141,150 persons. The usual atten dance is estimated at 1,124,211; showing that nearly one-third of the population of the State attend church. The State, according to the returns, is well supplied with newspapers and magazines, as will be seen by the following table of the total number of each class :No. semi-weeklies. No. weeklies. 16 No. dailies. 73 No. tri-weeklies. 13 411 No. monthlies. 113 Total number of newspapers published in the State, 550; total number of other periodicals, 112. The number of copies printed per annum, of those thus reported, is put down at 193,294,621. The estimated copies, of all classes, per annum, is 241,749,902. EFFECTS OF CIVILIZATION ON HEATHEN POPULATION. In 1777, Captain Cook found 200,000 people inhabiting Tahati. He declared his estimate, to be rather under than over the mark. These were the days of wars, human sacrifices, infanticide, and that ordinary recklessness of life which the missionaries profess to have, generally speaking, cured. Aged natives at that time remember the high priest Teearmoar, who uttered the prophecy which the people caught up for its strangeness at first, and repeat now for its dread pathos. It is at this day sung in the depths of retreat, where the missionaries cannot overhear "The palm-tree shall grow, A census taken just before the American Exploring Expedition was there, showing the indigenous population to be 9,000. The missionaries call it 8,000. In the Sandwich Islands the decline of the population is such as history can scarcely parallel, and as every hearer at an Exeter Hall May meeting should be informed of. We are told, not only by native tradition, but by the early navigators of the Pacific, that there were once human abodes wherever there was good soil and water, and that the population of this group was not less than 500,000. Now it is under 65,000. Twenty-five years ago-within the period of strenuous missionary effort-it was double this.-Westminster Review. POPULATION AND PROGRESS OF IOWA. According to the Annual Message of the Governor of Iowa, an enumeration of the inhabitants of the State, and of her productive resources, was taken in June, 1856, as required by the constitution of Iowa. It is somewhat defective, two counties and several townships in other counties not having been returned at all, whilst in almost all the counties there are very great omissions. Many townships and some counties are returned without any statistics, save those in relation to population. The census returns show that the State has increased in population from June, 1854, to June, 1856, from 326,014 to 503,625. The following statement will show the increase of population since the settlement of what is now the State : The Governor estimates the population at this time, (December 2d, 1856,) at not far from 600,000. The vote polled on the 4th day of November, 1856, reached 92,644, and indicates the truth of this supposition. The following table shows the annual increase of the value of assessable property in the State during the past six years : The returns of the resources, &c., of the State, are not yet printed, but the Governor gives a summary in his Message, which we here subjoin :— No. of dwellings in the State. families.. white male persons. colored persons ...... ...... married persons .... naturalized voters.. aliens.... 169,312 acres of corn .... 83.455 | No. of bush. grass seed harv'd. acres spring wheat.... 20,789 345,518 4,972,639 732.803 871 hogs sold...... 2,013,408 402,676 102 insane 120 value of hogs sold.. $3,119,378 125,000 BRIEF HISTORY OF STEAMBOATS ON THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI. A late number of the St. Paul Pioneer publishes an elaborate description of the steamboat business on the Upper Mississippi. From this we learn that the first steamboat that ever ascended the Upper Mississippi as far as Fort Snelling, was the Virginia, a stern-wheel boat, which arrived at the Fort in the early part of May, 1813. From 1823 to 1844 there were but a few arrivals each yearsometimes not more than two or three. The steamers running on the Upper Mississippi at that time were used altogether to transport supplies for the Indian traders and the troops stationed at Fort Snelling. Previous to the arrival of the Virginia, keel-boats were used for this purpose, and 60 days' time, from St. Louis to the Fort, was considered a good trip. In 1851 three boats went up the Minnesota River, and in 1852 one boat ran regularly up that stream during the season. In 1853 the business required an average of one per day. In 1854 the business had largely increased, and in 1855 the arrival of steamers from the Minnesota amounted to 119. |