that the offer of all Canada would not induce him to leave his master in that manner. THE following article is extracted from the sermon of Bishop Henshaw, preached before the Board of The following is a transcript of Missions of the Protestant Episcopal the deed of emancipation: Church, October 3, 1844. "Know all men by these presents, that I, Henry Clay, of Ashland, for and in consideration of the fidelity, attachment and services of Charles Dupey, the son of Aaron, (commonly called Charles, and Charlotte,) and of my esteem and regard for him, do hereby liberate and emancipate the said Charles Dupey, from this day, from all obligation of service to me, or my representatives, investing him, as far as any act of mine can invest him, with all the rights and privileges of a freeman. "In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal, this 9th day of December, in "To Africa we owe a debt which it will be difficult to discharge. For our national wealth, prosperity, and comfort, we are, in a considerable degree, indebted to the sufferings and toils and sweats of her children. We can make no adequate return but by sending to that oppressed continent, the comforts of civilization, and the unspeakable blessings of the Gospel of Christ. Thank God, we have commenced the discharge of our obligations. seed before we reap. "At one of the colonies planted by American benevolence, on its western coast, we have established a Mission, which, in the very infancy of its being, has received the seal of God's blessing and proved a nursery for Heaven. There future Cyprians and Augustines may yet be trained for the service of Christ and his church. Scarcely had we begun to sow the were permitted to The Lord has been swift to our humble labors with the influence of His grace and the manifestations of His love. O, that it may prove the first fruits of a plenteous harvest! May the new song of the converted children at Cape Palmas, which has given joy to angels, prove but the first note of the anthems of redemption to be sung, in full chorus, throughout that dark continent, by a regenerated race!" crown Colonization the only way of Christianizing Africa. AN important change is taking place among the great missionary societies with reference to the purposes and achievements of colonization. If we mistake not the signs of the times, it will not be long until they will come out in their respective publications and take the same ground which we have always occupied, viz: that if colonization is not the only, it is certainly the most certain and effectual way of christianizing Africa. And that there is yet no instance of a mission having accomplished any lasting and permanent good apart from colonial influence. It is understood that the Baptist mission is confined to the limits of the colony, and its continuance and extension under this benign influence, argues well for the cause, and we doubt not will soon command the attention of those interested therein. If we could command the men and the money, we could show the operations of missions, in connection with our colony, on a grand scale. Receipts of the American Colonization Society, VERMONT. Hinesburgh-Daniel Goodyear, $2, Marcus Hull, $2, John Baird, J. Boynton, H. Boynton, L. Bates, L. Dorwin, J. Marsh, Wm. B. Vilie, and Murray & Patrick, each $1, Isaac Higbor, L. Jane Hoyt, Francis Wilson, Lucretia Wilson, N. L. Boynton, Stephen Boynton, Andrew Burritt, and John Haslam, each 50 cts., Hannah Boynton, Emeline Bucher, Celinda Viele, Mary J. Strong, Harriet Butler, each 25 cts., Henry Wilson, 12 cents, by John Wheelock, Esq.... CONNECTICUT. By the Rev. S. Cornelius, New Haven-Collection at the annual meeting, $8. Bridgeport$8 50. Birmingham-$40 50. Kent--$15 50. Woodbury$16 75. Litchfield--$23 00. Stamford-$26 00. Bristol$40 75. Salisbury--$15 50. Norfolk-$4. Falls Village$5 00. New Milford-$1 00. Greenwich-$22 50. Cunaan$19 50. Stratfield-$7. Stratford-$2 50. New Haven$159 00. Hartford-$237 00. Bloomfield--$8 75. town-$44 00.... Middle Greenwich-S. B. S. B., toward a life-member..... 17 37 754 75 NEW JERSEY. By the Rev. S. Cornelius, Burlington-Rev. C. Van Rensalear... Camden-A. Browning, Esq., $30, Mrs. J. Shepherd, $1...... Jersey City-J. B. Miller, $10, Thomas Kingsford, Mrs Gautier, and Mrs. Van Vorst, each $5, D. S. Gregory, to constitute Rev. John Johnstone a life-member, $30, David Jones, Hiram Gilbert, and J. Meson, each $1, A. Van Winkle, 50 cts. Henry Fowler, 45 cts.. Trenton-Samuel Gumery, $50, Henry Stryker, and P. D. Vroom, each $5, Samuel G. Stryker, and J. C. Potts, each $3. Peter Howell, $2... Bridgeton-Hon. L. Q. C. Elmer, Morristown-Dr. A. P. Johnston, through the Society of the D. C., by Jas. Adams, Tr.. 20 00 31.00 58 95 68 00 20 00 50 00 247 95 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Washington-Society of the D. C., per James Adams, Treasurer, $76. Collection in the 2d Presbyterian Church, by the Rev. James Knox, Pastor, $15...... VIRGINIA. Fincastle-Bottetourt Aux. Col. Society, by James T. Logan, Treasurer.... 500 Richmond-Through the Society, of the D. C., by Jas. Adams, Treasurer.... Charleston-Daniel Ruffner, Esq., through the Society of the D. C., by James Adams, Tr... 759 75 NEW YORK. "A friend to the cause.". 50 00 91 00 30 00 309 00 50 00 By the Rev. Alex. M. Cowan, Shelby county-Mrs. Joseph G. Lyel, $20, John Cowan, and Woodford Hall, each $10, Wm. Q. Morton, Mrs. Morton, Sam'l Glass, Wm. Hewlett, John L. Hanna, Rev. Wm Crawford, Oswald Thomas, Stephen C. Hanna, B. M. Hall, E. C. Payne, Stephen H. Myles, Geo. L. Harbinson, Robt. Long, Wm. Hanna, Robt. P. Hanna, James Wight, James V. Harbinson, A. R. Scott, Mrs. Jane McDowell, Mrs. Julia Scott, Walker W. Barton, Sam. W. White, Jacob Fullenwider, George W. Johnston, Rev. John Tivis, Jo. sephus H. Wilson, Robt. McGrath, A. S. Clay, Rev. D. C. Procter, Dr. John T. Parker, Col. John Cunningham, Henry O. Offutt, Dr. David M. Sharp, Dr. Benj. Logan, John P. Allen, James Bradshaw, W. C. Winlock, each $5, Col. James D. Allen, $4 84, John E. Burton, $4, Mrs. Ellen Morton, George Johnston, John McDowell, Singleton Wilson, J. M. Owen, John Lane, Dr. G. W. Nuckold, Wm. Jarvis, Mrs. Mary J. Waters, Judge Thos. P. Wilson, Dr. N. O. Mettitchesson, each $3, S. B. Moxley, Alfred Harrington, Wm. S. Harbinson, John Botts, Alex. Logan, Rachel Shannon, Samuel Shannon, each $2, Alex. Long, $2 50... 303 34 OHIO. Granville-Sereno Wright, Esq., annual life subscription.. 10 00 FOR REPOSITORY. MAINE.-Machias-R. K. Porter, for 1844... VERMONT.-Hinesburgh-Daniel Goodyear, for 1844 and 1845, $3, John Wheelock, Esq., for 1845, $1 63..... MASSACHUSETTS.—Springfield Mrs. Prudence Howard, for '45 and '46, $3. Lowell-Mrs. Harriet A. Thompson, for 1845, $1 50..... CONNECTICUT.---Farmington-Mrs. Phebe Jones, for 1842 and 1843, $3. East Windsor-Samuel P. Walcott, for 1844 and 1845, $3. Greenwich-Zenas Mead, Thomas A. Mead, Z. Mead, Augustus Mead, and Joseph Branch, each for 1844, $1 50... DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.-Washington City-Dr. Bradley, for 1844, $2, Hon. E. R. Potter, M. C., and Charles King, Esq., each for 1845, $1 50... VIRGINIA. Walnut Grove, Kenawha Co.-Miss Jane A. Summers, for 1845, $1 50. Wheeling-Morgan Wilson, for 1844 and 1845, $3. Burgess' StoreRev. B. Burgess, to Jan., 1845, $5..... NORTH CAROLINA.--RaleighJohn Primrose, to 1 May, 1845, ALABAMA.-Mobile--Rev. Robert Nall, for 1845... MISSISSIPPI.-Louisville-L.Keese, L. B. Gaston, Rev. John Micon, and Hon. R. C. Thornton, each for 1845, $1 50. LexingtonA. E. Whitten, for 1815, $1 50. Fern Spring, Winston CountyMiss Harriet Micon, for 1845, $1 50. Macon-A. G. Byram, Esq., and Dr. W. G. Poindexter, each for 1845, $1 50... KENTUCKY.-Bloomfield-Dr. J. Bemiss, for 1844 and 1845, $3. OHIO.-Bolivar-D. Yant, for '45, $1.50. Canal Dover-J. Burris, for 1845, $1 50..... 2. 00 4 63 4.50 13.50 5 00 9 50 5 00 1 50 12 00 3.00 3 00 63 63 1,982 41 $2,046 04 WE continue the publication of it to perform the vast and important "Colonization and Missions," by work which it now has on hand. Rev. Joseph Tracy, which was com- Let all remember that every day's menced in the January number. We delay, is a real and substantial loss hope our readers will not fail to be- to Africa and humanity. How many stow upon it a candid, careful and of her 150,000,000 of heathens will continuous perusal. We shall com- perish from the earth before another plete it in our next number, and then number of our publication, with its they will be fully in possession of appeals and its arguments "strong an unanswerable argument in favor as holy writ," reaches our many of the splendid enterprise of coloni- friends? How soon will the deszation. The signal manner in tiny of millions of them be fixed? which all efforts to establish mis-" And our days, too, how rapidly they sions in Africa have failed, the insu- pass! How important that "we do perable obstacles which lie in the with our might, whatsoever our hands of doing any thing apart from colo- find to do." nization, and the fair promise which Liberia shows of perpetuity and growing enlargement, and the great facilities which it affords for operating up on thenative tribes, far in the interior, are all so many powerful inducements to the friends of missions way and well-wishers of our race, to rally around this Society, and bestow upon it an enlarged support, and enable ין PART II. gress and influence of the Slave Discovery of Guinea.-Rise, proTrade.-Prevalence and influence of Piracy.-Character of the natives before the influence of Colonization was felt. length portraits of negroes on EgypWe shall not dwell upon the full tian monuments three thousand years old, because their interpretation might be disputed; though their dress, their attitudes, their banjos, and every indication of character, show that they were then substantially what they are now. We shall pass over Ethiopian slaves in Roman and Carthaginian history; because it might be difficult to prove that they came from the region under consideration. We will begin with Ibn Haukal, the Arabian Geographer, who wrote while the Saracen Ommaides ruled in Spain, and before the founding of Cairo in Egypt; that is, between A. D. 902 and 968. Ibn Haukal very correctly describes the "land of the blacks," as an extensive region, with the Great Desert on the north, the coast of the ocean to the south, and not easily accessible, except from the west; and as inhabited by people whose skins are of a finer and deeper black than that of any other blacks. He mentions the trade from the land of the blacks, through the western part of the Great Desert, to Northern Africa, in gold and slaves; which found their way thence to other Muhammedan regions. The white slaves," he says, "come from Andalus," [Spain,] "and damsels of great value, such as are sold for a thousand dinars, or more."* Ibn Batuta, of Tangier, after returning from his travels in the east, visited Tombuctoo, and other Muhammedan places on the northern border of the negro country, in 1352. The pagans beyond them enslaved each other, sold each other to the Muhammedans, or were enslaved by them, as has been done ever since. Some of them, he learned, were cannibals; and when one of the petty monarchs sent an embassy to another, a fatted slave, ready to be killed and eaten, was a most acceptable pre sent. the Of Christian nations, the French claim the honor of first discovering the coast of Guinea. It is said that records of Dieppe, in Normandy, show an agreement of certain merchants of that place and Rouen, in the year 1365, to trade to that coast. Some place the commencement of that trade as early as 1346. Having traded along the Grain coast, and made establishments at Grand Sesters and other places, they doubled Cape Palmas, explored the coast as far as Elmina, and commenced a fortress there in 1383. In 1387, Elmina was enlarged, and a chapel built. The civil wars about the close of that century were injurious to commerce. In 1413, the *This expression must not be taken too strictly. Sicily also furnished many Christian slaves, and others were obtained from other parts of Europe. Since the expulsion of the Moors from Spain, the Muhammedans of Northern Africa have been able to obtain but few Christian slaves, except by piracy. They however continued to do what they could. Their corsairs, principally from Algiers on the Barbary coast, and Salee on the western coast of Morocco, seized the vessels and enslaved the crews of all Christian nations trading in those seas. To avoid it, nearly, if not quite, all the maritime nations of Christendom paid them an annual tribute. The United States, we believe, was the first nation that refused to pay this tribute; and this refusal led to wars with Tripoli, Tunis and Algiers. Several European powers have since followed our example. In 1815, the Emperor of Morocco stipulated by treaty, that British subjects should no longer be made slaves in his dominions. Several of the southern powers of Europe still pay this tribute; and while we have been preparing these pages for the press, negotiations have been going on with Morocco, for releasing one or two of the northern powers from its payment. At this day, the Turks and Persians obtain "black slaves" from the interior of Africa, by the way of Nubia and Egypt, and by sea from Zeila and Berbera, near the outlet of the Red Sea, and from the Zanzibar coast. According to Sir T. F. Buxton, this branch of the slave trade consumes 100,000 victims annually, half of whom live to become serviceable. White slaves, mostly "damsels of great value," they procure from Circassia and other regions around Mount Caucasus. |