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Published semi-monthly, at $1 50 in advance, when sent by mail, or $2 00 if not paid till after the expiration of six months, or when delivered to subscribers in cities.

EMIGRATION TO LIBERIA.

INTELLIGENT free colored men, both at the North and the South, are turning their attention to Liberia.

A friend, who has travelled extensively through the free States, during the last six months, informs us, that he conversed frequently with colored men on their present and prospective condition in this country, and on the relative inducements for emigration to the West Indies and to Liberia, and that he found many who were determined in favor of the latter. They acknowledged that their minds had been prejudiced against Liberia, but they were now desirous to obtain information in relation to the country and condition of the people.

We have received similar information from other sections of the country. The increased circulation of the Repository, and of the newspapers published in the Colony, the statements of persons who have recently visited Liberia, and of Colonists who have visited this country, have awakened a new interest among the reading class of our colored citizens, in relation to Colonization. By observing and reasoning for themselves, they are persuaded that the promise of elevating them in this country to an equality with the whites, can never be realized. At every effort to gain this elevation, they feel its hopelessness. They see impassable barriers, which only rise higher at every attempt to overcome them. They have tried emigration to the West Indies, in the hopes of finding there a society where the colored and white man meet on terms of equality, but have been entirely disappointed. Many of those who had the means have returned, and complain of the injustice and severity of the treatment they received.

LIBERIA presents them a home, where the colored man only can be a citizen, where the white man is an alien, and where the emigrant, as soon as he has fixed his location, is a free citizen, entitled to vote, and eligible to the highest offices in the Commonwealth.

LIBERIA has been represented, by those opposed to Colonization, as a barren, unproductive country, unfit for the residence of civilized man; and yet it has been extensively explored by American colored men and Américan

missionaries, who reside there, and frequently visited by our naval officers and masters of American vessels, who all agree in representing it as a country of great fertility, well adapted to the culture of rice, sugar-cane, cotton, corn, potatoes, coffee, &c., as well as to almost every variety of tropical fruits.

The statements of such men as Messrs. PINNEY and WILSON, of the Presbyterian mission, Messrs. SAVAGE and MINOR, of the Episcopal mission, Mr. SEYS, of the Methodist, and Mr. CROCKER, of the Baptist, missions, are surely entitled to credit. They speak of what they have seen, of rich lands well watered, of large crops, of happy Colonists, where the poor man can support his family by moderate labor, and, by well-directed industry, may soon become independent. The testimony of these men on any other subject would be conclusive. When our missionaries and naval officers deseribe other countries which they have visited, their veracity is not doubted. Their narrations have enriched the periodicals of our day with correct information concerning the country and the people of every quarter of the globe. Is it, then, charitable or reasonable to teach the colored man to disbelieve the reports which these men give of Africa-the land of their forefathers, the country, of all others, in relation to which they are the most interested to obtain correct information?

Few of the Dutch, Irish, or French, who emigrate to this country by tens of thousands yearly, ever visit the country previous to their emigration. They act entirely on the testimony of others. They see letters describing the advantages to be derived from a removal to this land of freedom and equality, where their children can be educated and elevated, and they embark-most of them knowing as little of the real condition of things here, as our colored people in general know of Liberia. But the latter have been taught. to believe, that letters received and published from their friends, are forgeries, got up to deceive them. When intelligent colored men, who have returned from Liberia, describe the country and condition of the people, they are disbelieved, and charged with having been hired to misrepresent. But we hope that this will no longer be the case. We trust that that class of our colored citizens who are most interested in this subject, will no longer allow themselves to be the dupes of prejudice; that they will examine both sides of the question, and think and act for themselves in regard to it. We rejoice to find that there is a spirit of inquiry awakened among our colored people, in different parts of the country, in relation to Liberia, and that their opportunities of listening to those who speak from observation and experience on this subject, are increasing. Two or three respectable and intelligent Colonists are expected to visit this country in a few weeks, and we hope will travel extensively during the summer-thus giving our colored people an opportunity of obtaining such information as may be relied on, and which may enable them to decide for themselves whether their condition is likely to be improved by a removal to Liberia.

Will not the friends of Colonization take pains to furnish the free people of color in their immediate neighborhood with all the important information relative to Liberia that may be received from authentic sources, presenting the difficulties to be encountered, as well as the advantages to be gained, by the Colonist? The colored man who desires nothing more than to get a living, and is contented with his menial condition, had better remain where he is. It is only the men who can appreciate the blessings of liberty, can feel the obligations which rest upon them to aid in the elevation of their race, can estimate the importance of placing their children where they can be trained up without feeling the depressing influences which surround them in this country-it is such men only that Liberia wants. Her prosperity requires men of good character, industrious habits, sober and exemplary, and

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who are desirous to educate their children, to aid in erecting and supporting churches, and in prosecuting various other plans of public improvement. A hundred such emigrants might soon have a flourishing settlement in Liberia. After one year's residence, they could raise from their farms, not only provisions enough to support their families, but might each plant one thousand coffee trees annually. And why should not the American colored man enjoy the profits of this business, from which the planters in Brazil and Cuba are realizing immense fortunes? The Liberia coffee tree bears more than double the quantity of those which grow in Cuba.

Dr. HALL, general agent of the Maryland Colonization Society, who has spent several years in Liberia, says, in the last number of the Maryland Colonization Journal:

"We are rejoiced to learn that the coffee orchards are beginning to bear plentifully; this article must, for various reasons, become the staple of the country. Probably there is not in the world a species of the coffee tree equal to that indigenous to Liberia. We well recollect one tree, which, eight years since, was at least six inches in diameter, and produced about ten pounds yearly. It has since increased very much, and is now over twelve feet in height. The flavor of the berry is said, by first rate judges of coffee, (old West India masters,) to be equal to that of Mocha. It is large and plump, more like the Rio coffee in shape. The cultivation of coffee would be the most feasible of that of any other product of Liberia. The tree is, as far as we can judge, of very long life-certainly far exceeding that of the small West India coffee; (the latter is also indigenous to Liberia, but seldom cultivated.) It requires little culture, merely keeping down the rank weeds and underbrush. The Colonist of little capital will very soon be able to raise an orchard that will abundantly supply him with all foreign necessaries and many luxuries. We trust soon to have this article in our markets. We should like much to see the sneerers at Colonization giving some ten or fifteen per cent. more for Liberia coffee than they can get the common article for; and this we shall see, too, in less than five years."

Every vessel that arrives from the Colony brings new proofs of the fruitfulness of the soil and the enterprise of the people. The Hobart, which arrived in New York a few days since, brought samples of Liberia sugar, molasses, potatoes, cassada, oranges, lemons, limes, cotton, coffee, &c. The sugar, of which there were several barrels, is well grained and of a good quality, considering the entire want of experience in the manufacturers, neither of whom had ever seen a sugar mill in operation before.

Captain PARSONS, who returned in the Hobart, writes thus: "Governor BUCHANAN showed me, in his garden, a patch of potatoes, growing where, he assured me, he had taken three crops of corn since I was there in March, which will make four crops in a year from the same ground."

Such is the fertility of the country open to the enterprise of our colored citizens, and to which the attention of many, possessed of means, influence, and intelligence, is now turned.

Some, we are informed, are desirous of forming a company for the purpose of emigrating to Liberia, and establishing a community by themselves. In order to meet the views of such, the Executive Committee propose the following

CONDITIONS TO EMIGRANTS.

If a company of one hundred emigrants shall be formed by the first of September, who shall engage to be ready to embark by the first of October, either from the port of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, or Norfolk, they shall have their passage on the following terms:

Steerage passengers,

Cabin passengers,

$30 00

50 00

Children under 12 years, and over 18 months old,

half price.

The passengers furnishing their own provisions.

>Payable in advance.

If the company will take out their own minister, two good school teachers, and a physician, these four persons shall have free passage, and the Society will pay towards their support $500 per year, for two years.

With a view of encouraging our free colored men to provide for their own emigration, the Executive Committee make the following alternative proposition:

If a company of one hundred respectable colored persons will organize and get up an expedition, charter their own vessel, furnish provisions for their voyage, and provide for their own support in Liberia, they shall, on arriving in the Colony, receive $1,500 from the American Colonization Society, to be paid to such person as the company may authorize to receive it. Each male emigrant of this company, over twenty-one years of age, shall have ten acres of land, and may purchase any additional quantity he desires, at fifty cents per acre, in cash.

The land for the settlement of this company will be laid out in a rich farming district, on the St. John's, where the country is high and rolling, and well watered.

If the company, or any of its members, will go out prepared to erect a saw-mill, the privilege will be given to select a site on any unsold lands in the Colony, and, on the mill being put into operation, they shall be entitled to a deed for one hundred and fifty acres of land.

If one hundred emigrants unite in one settlement, they will be organized immediately into a township, and be entitled to elect their own officers, and enjoy all the rights and privileges of the oldest settlements.

If the foregoing propositions should be accepted, arrangements for the expedition must be completed by the first of September next.

Applications made to the Colonization office, Washington, D. C., to any agent of the Society, to Rev. Dr. PROUDFIT, New York, or Rev. Mr. PINNEY, Philadelphia, will receive immediate attention.

We respectfully request editors of newspapers, friendly to Colonization, to give the foregoing an insertion; and we trust that the friends of the cause throughout the United States will interest themselves in directing the attention of the colored people to this article.

In order to afford free colored men means of information in relation to the Colony, two hundred copies of the African Repository will be sent gratuitously to those who may first apply.

This subject will be continued in our next number.

S. WILKESON, Chair. Ex. Com. A. C. S.

THE editor of the Hartford Congregationalist, in noticing our recent communications from Governor BUCHANAN, makes the following remarks:

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"We regret however to have occasion to add that there appears to be ground for an apprehension, which is expressed in a postscript to this letter of Governor BUCHANAN, that the designs of the English are not entirely disinterested, in their movements upon this important part of the coast of Africa. By a letter from Lieutenant SEAGRAM,' says the Governor, 'I have just learned some facts, which leave no doubt on my mind of the intention, as far as the authorities on this coast are concerned, to keep it under British subjection, (though he says not.) CANOT has received a letter from the new Governor of Sierra Leone, Sir JOHN JEREMIE, and has hoisted the British flag at his door. I suspect negotiations are in progress to connect him with a great London trading house, and to make New Cesters the head-quarters of English trade on the coast.""

"This is too clearly in a line with the present national tactics of Great Britain, not to excite a suspicion, that it may prove another development of

her grasping policy. The advantage of two such establishments in the hands of the English, located at such points as New Cesters and Gallinas, (the first of which, by its position, would effect an absolute dismemberment of the American settlements,) as a means of crippling the prosperity of our Colonies, and bringing them virtually under her power, is not likely to be overlooked by those political economists at London, who secretly pull the wires of the African Expedition.' This enterprise, which is called in England a plan for the civilization of Africa, is under the national sanction; and it will contribute more we fear to the national emolument than to any other object, except as it will be overruled by that Providence which far outreaches the counsels of cabinets and princes. In the light of this last consideration, whatever may be the immediate operation of these changes, we prefer to view this whole intelligence."

The fears expressed in the above extract, are not unfounded. They were felt by us more than a year ago, and have been often expressed in the Repository, in the hope that the friends of Colonization, convinced of the importance of securing the jurisdiction of the Society over the whole coast of Liberia, would furnish us the means of making the necssary purchases. We lament that this has not been done, and would urge our patrons, throughout the country, to make an immediate and simultaneous effort to secure this object of vital importance to the future welfare of the Colony. The case admits of no delay. The grasping policy of the British in Africa can only be counteracted, by our immediately purchasing those portions of Liberia which lie between the settlements of our Colony. This cannot be done without funds.

TRADE WITH AFRICA.

THE American trade on the coast of Africa has been of late rapidly increasing. As many as ten or twelve vessels from the single city of Salem have been engaged in this trade for several years. In the same trade there have been engaged from forty to fifty vessels from other ports in this State, Rhode Island, New York, and Pennsylvania, extending their operations along the coast, from Morocco to the Gulf of Arabia. The have been chiefly American products, and, of late years, the leading article, we are told, has been domestic cottons. A writer in the Boston Courier, referring

to this subject, says :-Christian Register.

cargoes

"This is a commerce which, from the vast extent of population embraced within these limits, is constantly increasing, and, at no very distant day, will be of great consequence to our ship-owners, merchants, and manufacturers, as it now is to those of Great Britain, whose exports to Africa, I find, in reference to official statements, amounts to seven or eight millions of dollars. That portion, too, which goes to the western coast of Africa, where our vessels are so much molested, has increased four-fold within twelve or fifteen years. Among the exports to Africa, coarse cotton goods take the lead. In 1839, there were exported from England to Africa upwards of seven and a quarter millions of yards of plain and colored cottons, and most of them, probably, of a description which we can supply as cheap, or cheaper, than the British manufacturers, provided our vessels are protected in their voyages along this extensive continent.

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