under specified conditions. Excursions to, and reports on, metallurgical works in Chicago and vicinity. Prerequisite: course 40, Chemistry 8. Autumn Quarter, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR EMMONS. 43. Mine Examinations and Mining. -Lectures and laboratory work. Field methods on the surface and underground; pace and compass, and tape and compass surveys, rapid surveys of magnetic mines, mine sampling, estimate of ore in sight, estimate of probable ore, and study of plans for prospecting untried territory. General discussion of methods of mining, drilling, blasting, and removing ore; of timbering, lighting, ventilating, and draining mines; and of mine machinery. For mining geologists and engineers who wish to prepare for reporting on the mining plant and other mechanical features of a property, incidental to a report on the geology and ore deposits, and who may be called upon to superintend exploration. The course may also serve as an introduction to the subject of mine exploitation. requisite: course 42 and courses listed above under Preparation for Mining Engineering and Economic Geology. Winter Quarter, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR EMMONS. [Not given in 1910.] Pre 44. Field-Work in Mining and Mining Geology.-Students in Mining Geology are advised to spend some of their summers in mining camps where they may find employment as miners, mine samplers, assayers, draughtsmen, surveyors, etc. For the sake of experience it is desirable that they serve in as many different capacities as practicable. In many mining camps opportunity is offered for a study of General Geology, ore deposits, mining machinery, metallurgical works, etc. The student should submit written reports on the Geology, occurrence of ore, and mining and milling operations and processes. Frequent communication with the instructor is required, and when the work and reports are sufficiently thorough, credit will be given. This work may be done at any time agreed upon. Prerequisite: course 40. AssoCIATE PROFESSOR EMMONS. 46. Regional Geology.-The study of special regions which have been carefully mapped, with a view to the interpretation of their physical history; a study in the detailed interpretation of geologic maps and sections. Prerequisite: courses 16,17, and 20. Mj. Spring Quarter. PROfessor Salisbury. [Probably given in 1910.] 47. The Physical Geography of the Quaternary Period.-A study of the Physiography and Climatology of the period, and their influence on life; the correlation of Quaternary formations on the basis of Physical Geology. Prerequisite: same as for 46. M. Autumn Quarter, PROFESSOR SALISBURY. [May not be given in 1909.] 48. Changes of Climate in Geologic Time.-The criteria for the determination of climatic changes and their application. Prerequisite: same as for 46. M. Autumn Quarter, PROFESSOR SALISBURY. [May not be given in 1909.] 49. The History of Geology. 50, 51. Principles and Theories of Geology.-Critical discussions of principles, fundamental theories, modes of interpretation, and working hypotheses, in their application to the leading questions of geologic history. Prerequisite: Geology 16, 21, and 31. Mjs. Winter and Spring Quarters, PROFESSOR CHAMBERLIN. 53, 54, 55. Research Courses.-Chiefly individual work on selected themes under the personal supervision of the professors in charge. For students in the second and third years of their graduate work. Students should not register for these courses without previous consultation with the professor under whose direction they wish to work. Mjs. Summer, Autumn, Winter, and Spring Quarters, PROFESSORS CHAMBERLIN, SALISBURY, ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS WELLER and EMMONS, and ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ATWOOD. NOTE.-Candidates for the Doctor's degree will note that 53, 54, and 55 are required majors. 58. Field Geology (Third Course).-Thorough and systematic work in close conformity to official standards, and, as nearly as possible, individual and independent. The course may form the basis for the Doctor's thesis. Students should not register for this course without previous consultation with the professor under whose direction they wish to work. Credit depends on the amount of work. Summer Quarter, PROFESSORS CHAMBERLIN, ŠALISBURY, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR WELLER, and ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ATWOOD. XXI A. THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION ROLLIN D. SALISBURY, A.M., LL.D., Professor and Head of the Department of Geography. JOHN PAUL GOODE, PH.D., Assistant Professor of Geography. HARLAN H. Barrows, S.B., Assistant Professor of Geography and General Geology. WELLINGTON DOWNING JONES, PH.B., Assistant in Geography. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR WALTER SHELDON TOWER, PH.D., (Summer Quarter, 1909). ELLEN CHURCHILL SEMPLE, Lecturer on Anthropogeography (Winter Quarter, 1910). CARL O. SAUER, A.B. FELLOW, 1909-10 INTRODUCTORY The courses given in this Department deal with subjects which are intermediate between Geology, on the one hand, and History, Sociology, Political Economy, and Biology, on the other. The courses in Geography which ally themselves closely with Geology are given in that Department; courses in Zoogeography, and Geographic Botany are given by the Departments of Zoology, and Botany; courses dealing with the pedagogical aspects of the subject especially in connection with instruction in the grades, are given in the School of Education. THE DOCTOR'S DEGREE A. The courses expected of candidates for the Doctor's degree, where Geography is the major subject, are as follows: In the Department of Geography, courses 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, and at least six majors of advanced individual work, a part of which may be in the line of the thesis. In the Department of Geology, courses 5, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, and 17. In the Departments of Biology, a general knowledge of Zoogeography and Geographic Botany. In the Department of History, a general knowledge of Modern History, and a thorough knowledge of the history of some period and region where geographic influences were an important factor in its course. In the Department of Political Economy, the elements of Political Economy. B. The courses required where Geography is the minor subject are courses 7, 10, 12, 13, 15, 21 or 22, course 14 in Geology, and two additional majors. THE MASTER'S DEGREE The courses required of a candidate for the Master's degree, if all his work is in Geography, are 7, 10, 12, 13, 15, 21 or 22, course 14 in Geology, and courses in the geographic phases of Zoology and Botany. THE BACHELOR'S DEGREE The following courses are recommended for those who take their major work for the Bachelor's degree (9Mj.) in the Department of Geography: courses 3, 6, 7, 10, 12, 15; two of the following: 13, 14, 16, 20, and 21, and Geology 1. If the major work is in Geography (6Mj.) and Geology (3Mj.), the recommended courses are the following: Geography, 3, 7, 10, 12, 15, and one of the following: 6, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, and Geology 1, 2, and one of the following: 7, 8, 9. PREPARATION FOR TEACHING 1. Courses 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14 or 16, 15, 20, and 21 or 22 in Geography, courses 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 14, and 19 in Geology, courses in the Geographic phases of Zoology and Botany and the Elements of Political Economy, constitute an adequate preparation for the teaching of Geography in normal schools. If Geology is to be taught, courses 15, 16, 17, and 20 in Geology should be added. 2. The courses required for the Doctor's degree afford a reasonable preparation for teachers in colleges of good rank. See also courses in the Pedagogy of Geography, The College of Education. COURSES OF INSTRUCTION JUNIOR COLLEGE COURSE 3. Commercial Geography.-A study of the various countries and their chief products; the effect of soil, climate, and geographical situation in determining the character of national industries and of international trade, commercial routes, seaports; the location of commercial and industrial centers; exports and imports; the character, importance, and chief sources of the principal articles of foreign trade. Mj. Autumn and Winter Quarters, MR. JONES; Spring Quarter, Assistant Professor Goode. JUNIOR AND SENIOR COLLEGE COURSES 6. Climatology.-A study of the atmospheric circulations, planetary, continental, and cyclonic, and their significance in the interpretation of regional climates. Prerequisite: Geology 1 or its equivalent. Mj. Winter Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. 7. Influence of Geography on American History.-A study of the geographic conditions which have influenced the course of American history. Their importance as compared with one another, and with non-geographic factors. Prerequisites: History 3 and Geology 1. Mj. Summer and Autumn Quarters, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BARROWS; Winter and Spring Quarters, MR. JONES. 8. Political Geography.-A study of the geographic forces that have influenced the formation and development of the leading nations of the world. An examination of the geographic facts connected with recent and present international questions. The course is so conducted as to require the student to acquaint himself with the main facts of the Geography of each country studied. Mj. Summer Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR TOWER. 9. Climate and Man.-The course will treat of the influences of different climatic conditions on human relations such as distribution of population, occupations, products, trade and commerce, travel and transportation, customs and habits, dress, history, diseases, and the question of acclimatization. Mj. Summer Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR TOWER. 10. Economic Geography of North America.-The natural resources of the continent, as factors in its economic development. The geology, physiography, and climate, as factors determining or affecting the location and utilization of mineral resources, arable and grazing-lands, forests, etc. The influence of these various resources on the economical and social development of the continent. Prerequisite: Geology 1, or its equivalent. Autumn Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. 12. Economic Geography of Europe.-Outline same as for course 10, together with a study of the effects of the natural resources on the distribution and economic development of racial stocks. Prerequisite: Geology 1, or its equivalent. Mj. Winter Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Goode. SENIOR COLLEGE AND GRADUATE COURSES 13. Commercial Geography (Advanced Course).-Primarily for teachers of Commercial Geography. A feature of the work is a series of trips, about one a week, to great industrial plants in Chicago and vicinity. Prerequisite: Geography 3, and 10 or 12, or equivalents. Mj. Summer and Autumn Quarters, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. 14. Economic Geography of Tropical Countries.-Outline similar to that for course 10. Especial attention will be given to South America, the West Indies, India, and the Philippines. The course will include a consideration of the results likely to be achieved by the introduction of scientific methods of sanitation and industry. Prerequisite: Geography 10 or 12. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. [Not given in 1909-10.] 15. Principles of Geography. The meaning and scope of Geography; the relation of the science to other subjects; the distribution and characteristics of land forms and climates; the distribution and utilization of natural resources, with reference to man's distribution and industrial and social development; an application of the principles developed, to the interpretation of type regions. Prerequisite: Geology 1, Geography 6, 10 or 12. Mj. Spring and Summer Quarters, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. 16. The Geographic Problems of the Orient.-The significance of the location of the region with reference to the Hinterland and to the ocean; the physiography of the realm; the natural resources; racial characteristics; the reasons underlying western interest and aggression. Developed mainly with reference to China and Japan. Prerequisite: same as for course 14. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. [Not given in 1909–10.] 17. Cartography and Graphics.—The principles of Cartography: the various map projections; the requisites of maps for various purposes. Blackboard map work from memory, in outline and in relief; the problem of the third dimension; the art of the graphic presentation of statistical material. Primarily for teachers. Prerequisite: two of the following courses: 10 or 12, 13 or 15. M. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. [May not be given in 1909-10.] 18. The Historical Geography of American Cities.-A study of the conditions that determined the location, growth, special industries, etc., of the leading American cities. The history of the development of American cities. Prerequisite: course 7 or 10. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BARROWS. [May not be given in 1909-10.] 19. The Natural Resources of the United States: Their Exploitation and Conservation.- A study of the natural resources of the United States, and their relation to national development. The history of the exploitation of the soils, forests, mines, etc.; the current movement to conserve natural resources; the reclamation of arid and swamp lands, the stoppage of erosion, the development of scientific forestry, the improvement and extension of waterways; the relation of national resources to the distribution and activities of the people. [May not be given in 1909–10.] 20. Some Principles of Anthropo-geography-Various aspects of the relation between Geography and History; grouping of the land masses and its effects; the importance of geographic location; the ocean highway and coast peoples; rivers and river lowland habitat; islands and island peoples; mountain barriers and their passes; mountain agriculture; isolating effect of a mountain environment; life in deserts and steppes. Prerequisite: two Mj. of History, Geology 1, and two Mj. of Geography. Winter Quarter, Miss SEMPLE. 21. Geographic Influences in the History of New England. The geographic conditions which have influenced the economic, social, and political history of New England, the relations of New England to other physiographic provinces, and the effect upon national development. Given alternate years. Prerequisite: Geography 7, and two of the following: Geography 3, 10, 12, Geology 2. Mj. Winter Quarter, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BARROWS. [Not given in 1909-10.] 22. Geographic Influences in the History of the Interior.-The general outline of the course, same as for 21. Given alternate years. Prerequisite: same as for 21. Mj. Summer and Autumn Quarters, 1909, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BARROWS. 23. Geographic Influence in the History of the Middle Atlantic States.— The general outline of the course and prerequisites same as for 21. Spring Quarter, 1910, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BARROWS. 26. History of Geography. The rise of the science of Geography; the concepts of primitive peoples; the ideas of the early Mediterranean peoples; Herodotus, Aristarchus, Pliny, Strabo; mediaeval geographers, Marca Polo, and others; Columbus, and the age of exploration; the influence of Humboldt, Ritter, Kohl, Ratzel. Modern Geography and its status in various lands. Prerequisite: Geology 1, Geography 7, 13, 15, and two of the group 10, 12, 14, 16. M. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GOODE. [May not be given in 1909-10.] 30, 31, 32. Research Courses.-Advanced work on selected topics will be arranged with individual students prepared to undertake semi-independent work. Mj. or DMj. Each quarter, PROFESSOR SALISBURY, ASSISTANT PROFESSORS GOODE AND BARROWS. For courses in Physical Geography, see Department of Geology. For courses in Geographic Botany, see Department of Botany. For courses in the Pedagogy of Geography, see College of Education. XXII. THE DEPARTMENT OF ZOÖLOGY OFFICERS OF INSTRUCTION CHARLES OTIS WHITMAN, PH.D., LL.D., Professor and Head of the Department of Zoology; Curator of the Zoological Museum. FRANK RATTRAY LILLIE, PH.D., Professor of Embryology; Assistant Curator of the Zoological Museum. CHARLES MANNing Child, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Zoology. WILLIAM LAWRENCE TOWER, S.B., Assistant Professor of Zoology. REUBEN MYRON STRONG, PH.D., Instructor in Zoology. VICTOR ERNEST SHELFORD, PH.D., Instructor in Zoology. OSCAR RIDDLE, PH.D., Instructor in Zoology. |