69

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE FOR AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA.

DATES of events following the establishment of a settlement in New

South Wales:

1788 N.S. W. | First fleet arrives at Botany Bay.-Formal possession taken of Sydney Cove.-Proclamation of the Colony by Governor Phillip.-Settlement founded at Norfolk Island; expedition sent by Phillip.-La Perouse visits Botany Bay.

1790

1791

1792

N.S. W.
W.A.
N.S.W.

S.A.

Tas.
W.A.

N.S. W.
Tas.
N.S.W.
N.S. W.
N.S. W.
Vic.

1793 1794

1795 1796 1797

1798

Tas.

1799

1800

N.S. W.

Q'ld.

Bligh visits Van Diemen's Land in the "Bounty.'
Discovery of Hawkesbury River.

Cox discovers Oyster Bay.

Second fleet arrives with the New South Wales Corps.
Vancouver's explorations.-Discovery of King George's Sound.
Resignation of Governor Phillip.

D'Entrecasteaux visits Fowler's Bay.

D'Entrecasteaux explores the north-east coast.

D'Entrecasteaux explores the south-west coast.

Arrival of the "Bellona " with first free immigrants.
Captain Hayes enters and names the Derwent.

Settlement of the Hawkesbury.-Arrival of Captain Hunter.
Bass and Flinders explore Port Hacking,

Discovery of coal at Illawarra and on the Hunter (or Coal) River.
Discovery of Bass' Strait by Bass and Flinders.-Bass visits
Western Port.

Circumnavigation of Van Diemen's Land by Flinders.

Flinders explores the north coast.-Wilson penetrates to the
Lachlan River

Flinders makes explorations on the east coast.

N.S.W. Governor Hunter recalled, superseded by Philip Gidley King.
Lieutenant Grant explores the coast.

Lieutenant Grant sights Cape Northumberland.

The whole of the western coast examined by Baudin.
Survey of Australian coasts by Flinders.

Flinders examines the south coast.

Discovery of Port Phillip by Murray.-Exploration of Port
Phillip by Flinders.

Flinders explores Spencer's and St. Vincent's Gulfs, and meets
Baudin at Encounter Bay.

Baudin surveys the east coast.

1803 N.S.W. First wool sent to England. -Cayley's attempt to cross the Blue

Lieut.-Colonel David Collins founds a settlement at Port Phillip.
Bowen lands at Risdon.

The Castle Hill convict insurrection. -Abandonment of Norfolk
Island ordered by British Government.
Collins abandons Port Phillip.

Foundation of the Van Diemen's Land colonies.-Collins founds
Hobart Town and Paterson founds York Town. -The assign-
ment system established by Governor King.-Fifty friendly
blacks massacred at Risdon, through a mistake of Lieutenant
Moore.

1805

1806

1807 1808 1809 1810

N.S. W. Macarthur starts extensive sheep farming at Camden.
Tas.

Norfolk Island colonists settled at New Norfolk, Norfolk
Plains, etc.

N.S.W. Severe floods in the Hunter.-Governor King retires and is
succeeded by Captain Bligh.

Tas.
N.S. W.
Tas.

N.S. W.
Tas.
N.S.W.

Tas.

Launceston founded."

Orders given for final shipment of convicts from Norfolk Island.
Laycock's overland expedition from Launceston to Hobart.
Deposition of Governor Bligh.

254 settlers from Norfolk Island receive grants of land.
Arrival of Colonel Lachlan Macquarie.

Death of Collins.-Extreme scarcity of provisions; prisoners
released and permitted to roam in search of food.
W.A. Captain de Freycinet explores the western and north-western

1811

Tas.

1812

1813

N.S.W.
N.S. W.

1814

1815

coasts.

Governor Macquarie visits Van Diemen's Land.-Hobart Town
laid out.-Lieut.-Colonel Davey appointed Governor.-Van
Diemen's Land made a single colony.
Creation of Supreme Court.

Passage across Blue Mountains discovered by Blaxland, Went-
worth, and Lawson.

The name of "Australia" given, on the recommendation of Flinders, to the great southern continent hitherto known as "New Holland.'

N.S.W. Creation of Civil Courts.-Hamilton Hume discovers the Berrima and Goulburn districts.

Tas.

First Law Courts established; jurisdiction limited to personal matters under the value of £50.-Outrages by bushrangers. N.S.W. Governor Macquarie lays out the town of Bathurst.-Captain Evans discovers the Macquarie River.

Tas.

Arrival of first immigrant ship with free settlers.-Coastal explorations of Captain James Kelly.-First exportation of wheat to Sydney.

Establishment of Bank of New South Wales.

N.S.W. Oxley explores the interior.-Meehan and Hume discover Lake

1816

N.S. W.

1824

George, Lake Bathurst, and Goulburn Plains.

Lieutenant King surveys the eastern coast.

Lieutenant-Governor Davey retires, and Colonel William Sorell
appointed.

Lieutenant King surveys the whole western coast.
Free immigration stopped.

Commissioner Bigge inquires into the condition of the colony.
Tas. Colonel Paterson introduces 300 pure Merino sheep from
McArthur's flock.

N.S.W. Governor Macquarie recalled.—Sir Thomas Brisbane appointed.
Tas. Governor Macquarie visits Hobart Town.

N.S.W. The first Australian Constitution.-Explorations by Cunning-
ham.-John Dunmore Lang arrives in Sydney.-Oxley
discovers the Tweed River.

Q'ld.

Tas.

The Brisbane River discovered by Surveyor Oxley.-Cunningham

discovers Pandora Pass.

Partial separation from New South Wales.

N.S.W. Freedom of the Press proclaimed.-Trial by jury introduced.---
First Land Regulations.-Hume and Hovell explore south-

Vic.
Q'ld.

ward.

Hume and Hovell travel overland from Sydney to Port Phillip.
Expedition to prepare Moreton Bay for the establishment of a

penal settlement.

1824

Tas.

1825 N.S. W.

1826

Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

Outbreak of convicts at Macquarie Harbour.-Governor Sorell
succeeded by Lieut. -Colonel George Arthur.

Sir Ralph Darling succeeds Governor Brisbane.-Formation of
Australian Agricultural Company.

Captain Logan appointed Superintendent of Moreton Bay,—
Lockyer explores the Brisbane River.

Formation of the Van Diemen's Land Company and the Van
Diemen's Land Establishment.-Van Diemen's Land declared
a separate colony.-Initiation of campaign against bush-
rangers.

Military station established at King George's Sound.
N.S.W. Darling River discovered by Sturt.-Explorations by Cunningham.
Fort Dumaresq founded at Western Port.

Vic.

Q'ld.

Official establishment of penal settlement at Moreton Bay.---
Governor Brisbane visits the settlement.

1827 N.S.W. The colony becomes self-supporting.-Feverish speculation in

land and stock.

Cunningham discovers the Darling Downs.-Governor Darling

visits Moreton Bay.

Explorations of Henry Hellyer.

Severe droughts.

N.S.W. Second Constitution.

Vic.

Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

N.S.W.

S.A.
W.A.

1830 N.S.W.

1831

1832

1833 1834

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

The Western Port settlers return to Sydney.

Cunningham discovers a route from Moreton Bay to the Darling
Downs, and explores the Brisbane River to its source.
Reformation of the Council.-First land sales. -Reward offered
for the capture of natives.

Exploration by Captain Stirling.-Examination of Swan River.
Sturt explores the Murray.

Founding of the Swan River settlement, Captain Stirling in
command.

Sturt's overland journey to the south.-Rising of convicts near Bathurst. The Bushrangers Act passed through all its stages in one day.

Explorations by Sturt.

Sturt discovers Lake Alexandrina.

Logan murdered by convicts.-Captain Clunie succeeds to the administration of the settlement.

Commission to inquire into condition of natives.-George Robin.
son undertakes to secure the submission of surviving blacks.
-The Black Line.

W.A.
N.S.W. Governor Darling superseded by Sir Richard Bourke.-Lord
Ripon's Land Regulations.-Sir Thomas Mitchell's explora-
tions to the north of Liverpool Plains.-Launch of first
colonial-built steamer.

Constitution of first Executive Council.

S.A.

Tas.

W.A.

W.A.

W.A.

N.S. W.
Vic.

Wakefield's first colonisation committee formed.-Captain Collet
Barker killed by blacks at St. Vincent's Gulf.

Minimum price of land fixed at 5s. per acre by Lord Ripon's
regulations.

Route from Perth to King George's Sound discovered by
Bannister. Lord Ripon's land regulations.

Captain Irwin undertakes the administration of the settlement.
First sitting of Legislative Council.

Captain Richard Daniell succeeds Captain Irwin.
Trouble at Norfolk Island.

Settlement of the brothers Henty at Portland Bay.

1834 S.A.

1835

W.A.

South Australian Association founded.-The South Australian
Act passed.

The Battle of 66

Pinjarrah."-Sir James Stirling appointed
Governor, with full rank.-First shipment of wool to
England.

N.S. W. Mitchell, on his second expedition, establishes the depôt of
Fort Bourke on the Darling.

Vic.
Q'ld.

Tas.

Expeditions of Batman and Fawkner to Port Phillip.

Captain Fyans succeeds Captain Clunie.-First ship enters
Moreton Bay.

Native settlement formed at Flinders' Island.

W.A. The Western Australian Association formed in London.Memorial against Lord Ripon's regulations addressed to the British Government.

1836 N.S.W. Mitchell explores the South.--Squatting formally recognised. Vic. Captain Hobson surveys and names Hobson's Bay.-Proclamation of Port Phillip District as open for settlement.-Captain W. Lonsdale first Resident Magistrate.-Sir Thomas Mitchell discovers "Australia Felix."

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

| Founding of South Australia, with Captain Hindmarsh as first Governor.

Visit of Backhouse and Walker.

Governor Arthur recalled.

1837 N.S.W. Governor Bourke resigns.-Select Committee on Transportation

1838

1839

1840

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

appointed in London.

Sites of Melbourne and Williamstown laid out by Governor
Bourke. First sale of land.

First newspaper published in the colony.-Eyre drives a mob of
cattle from New South Wales to Adelaide.-Survey of site
of Adelaide by Colonel Light.

Major Cotton supersedes Captain Fyans.

The Governorship assumed by Sir John Franklin.

W.A. Explorations by Grey and Lushington in the north-west.-
Murders by natives.

N.S. W.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.
W.A.
N.S. W.

Vic.

Q'ld.

Discontinuance of the assignment system. —Arrival of Governor
Gipps.-Speculative mania sets in.

First census of the settlement (population, 3,511).
Governor Hindmarsh, recalled, is succeeded by Colonel Gawler.—
Cattle brought overland from New South Wales, along
the Murray route, by Hawdon and Bonney.-Eyre
journeys from Port Phillip to Adelaide, discovers Lake
Hindmarsh.

Abolition of assignment system. -Explorations of the Petries.
Discovery of Fitzroy and Adelaide Rivers.
Execution of seven stockmen for participation in a massacre
of blacks.-Count Strzelecki finds traces of gold near
Hartley.

Appointment of Superintendent La Trobe.-First wool ship
leaves for England.

Lieutenant Gravatt succeeds Major Cotton, and a little later gives place to Lieutenant Gorman.

W.A. Governor Stirling succeeded by John Hutt.-Grey's second exploring expedition in the north.

N.S.W. Abolition of transportation to New South Wales.-Important Land Regulations (proceeds of land sales to be regarded as a Trust for the benefit of the colony which produces them, and to be expended in the maintenance of its public works, and the encouragement of immigration).

1840

Vic.

S.A.

|First Land Regulations; nullified at Port Phillip by Gipps.The northern boundary of the Port Phillip District fixed at the Murrumbidgee.-Exploration of Gippsland by Angus McMillan.--Port Phillip petitions for separation.

Eyre starts on his overland journey from Adelaide to King George's Sound.-Wreck of the "Maria," and murder of the survivors by the blacks.

Q'ld. Suspension of transportation.-Break-up of the penal settlement at Moreton Bay.-Murder of Surveyor Stapleton and his assistants by aborigines.

Tas.

1840-51 N.S. W. 1841

1842

1843

Assignment ceases.

Depression of varying intensity.

N.S.W. Rev. W. B. Clarke finds grains of alluvial gold near Bathurst.
Second Census, population 11,738.

Vic.

S.A.

Gawler recalled in disgrace and succeeded by Captain George
Grey.--Galena discovered in the Mount Lofty Ranges.-
Hostilities with natives on the Murray.

Q'ld. Explorations by the Russells.-Mission station established by
Rev. Mr. Handt.

Tas.

W.A.

Renewal of Transportation.

Eyre completes his journey overland from Adelaide to King
George's Sound.

N.S.W. First Representative Constitution.-Crown Land Sales Act
(Imperial).-Disaffection among the natives.

Vic.

S.A.

Representation granted, to the extent of six members.-Incor-
poration of Melbourne.

Discovery of Kapunda Copper Mines.-The South Australian
Act.

Q'ld. Gipps visits Brisbane, and orders that the width of streets be
reduced in subsequent surveys. - Proclamation of free settle-
ment at Moreton Bay.-First open sale of land.—Appoint-
ment of a Police Magistrate.

N.S.W. Financial crisis marked by the failure of the Bank of Australia.
S.A. Collapse of the Adelaide City Council.-Frome explores Lake
Torrens district.

Q'ld.

Tas.

1845

N.S. W.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Moreton Bay granted Legislative Representation.

Arrival of the "Success" with 134 immigrants.

Governor Franklin recalled, and succeeded by Sir John-Eardley
Wilmot.

Great flood on the Yarra.-John Dunmore Lang's resolution in
favour of separation.

Sturt's last expeditions inland.

Leichhardt's expedition from Darling Downs to Port Essington.
-Murder of Gilbert by Aborigines.

Explorations of Kentish in the north-west.

Mitchell's explorations on the Barcoo.

Grey transferred to New Zealand, the government assumed by
Colonel Frederic Holt Robe. -Discovery of the Burra Copper
Mines.

Explorations of Mitchell and Kennedy.

Price's Norfolk Island Pandemonium broken up.-Resignation
of the Patriotic Six.'

N.S.W. Governor Gipps is succeeded by Sir Charles Augustus Fitzroy.-
Gladstone proposes to revive transportation to New South
Wales.