1846

S.A.

| Proclamation of North Australia.-State grants made to certain religious bodies.-Expedition and death of Horrocks. Q'ld. The founding of "Gladstone," an "exile" settlement at Port Curtis. Explorations by Leichhardt.-Moreton Bay declared a port of entry. -Publication of "Moreton Bay Courier," first Queensland newspaper.

Tas.
W.A.

1847 N.S.W.

1848

1848

Governor Wilmot recalled by Gladstone.

Reports on immigration despatched to the British Government.
Lieut. Col. Andrew Clarke assumes office as Governor.-
Explorations by the brothers Gregory.-Discovery of coal
on the Irwin River.

Crown Land Leases Act.-Lady Fitzroy killed in a carriage
accident.

Q'ld. The s.8. "Sovereign" wrecked on Moreton Island.-Explorations by Burnett and Kennedy.

S.A.
Tas.

Explorations of Baron Von Mueller.

Sir William Denison assumes office as Governor.-Reinstatement of the "Patriotic Six."-Removal of the surviving blacks, 44 in number, from Flinders Island to Oyster Cove. W.A. Death of Governor Clarke, whose place is taken by Lieut.-Col. Irwin.

Crown Land Leases Act.-Earl Grey suggests the formation of an Assembly, in which all the Australian colonies should be represented.-Destructive floods on the Swan and Avon

Rivers.

N.S.W. Attempts to revive transportation and assignment. --The University of Sydney founded by Act of Parliament.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Earl Grey returned as the Melbourne member of the Legislative
Council.

Governor Robe makes a grant of land as site for an Anglican
Cathedral. Recall of Robe, whose place is taken by Sir
Henry Fox Young.

Last journey of Ludwig Leichhardt.-Kennedy speared by the
blacks.-Chinese imported as shepherds.-The Fortitude
incident.

Unavailing protests against the landing of convicts from the "Ratcliffe."

W.A. Captain Charles Fitzgerald, R. N., assumes office as Governor. — Governor Fitzgerald wounded by the blacks.-Copper and lead discovered in the Champion Bay district.-Explorations by J. S. Roe.-Brown coal discovered on the Fitzgerald River. 1849 N.S.W. The "Hashemy" incident.-Great exodus of population to gold fields of California.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Public indignation at the arrival of the "Randolphe " with

convicts.

Revocation of the North Australian proclamation.

Convicts per "Hashemy" assigned to squatters on the Darling

Downs.

Convicts to the number of 1,860 landed in accordance with Earl
Grey's probation scheme.

W.A. Commencement of transportation to Western Australia.

A suggestion for the formation of a General Assembly of Australia made in the report of a Privy Council Committee on Trade and Plantations.

1850 N.S.W. Final abolition of transportation.-Passing of the Australian Government Act.-New South Wales loses her southern province by separation.-First sod of the first Australian railway turned at Sydney.

1850

Vic.

S.A.

1851

1852

1853

1854

1855

Tas.

The Constitution Act.-The Murray fixed upon as the northern boundary of Victoria.

South Australia obtains representative government.

First discovery of coal in the colony.-Tasmania obtains repre-
sentative government.

W.A. Arrival of the "Scindian" with detachment of convicts.-
Lieutenant Helpman finds pearls in Shark Bay.

Four of the five Australian colonies obtain representative government (Queensland still a dependency of New South Wales). N.S.W. Hargraves discovers payable gold near Bathurst.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Black Thursday (6th February).—Proclamation of Victoria as a
separate colony.-Gold discoveries.-Fourth Census, popu-
lation 77,345.

Depression; withdrawal of specie from the colony.-Abolition of
State aid to religion.-The Bullion Act passed.-Revival of
the Adelaide Corporation.-Abolition of nominee Council,
and appointment of Legislature of one Chamber.
First direct shipment of wool to England.-Agitation for separa-
tion from New South Wales.

Efflux of population to the gold-fields of "the other side."
Transfer of the Customs establishments to the Colonial Govern-
ments.

N.S.W. The town of Gundagai swept away by a flood; 77 lives lost.
Vic. Convicts Prevention Act passed.-An extra regiment brought
from England to keep order.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Return of prosperity.-A steamer ascends the Murray to the junction of the Darling.

Withdrawal of a large proportion of the population towards the gold-fields of New South Wales and Victoria. -Hovenden Hely's expedition in search of Leichhardt.

First Elective Council meets and passes a resolution against transportation.-Gold discovered at Fingal and Tower Hill

Creek.

Arrival of the "Chusan," first P. and O. steamer.

Transfer of the Australian gold revenue to the colonial exchequer. N.S.W. University of Sydney opened.

Vic.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Discontent on the gold-fields.

Moreton Bay declared a residency, with Captain Wickham as
first Government Resident.

Abolition of transportation.—Tasmania adopted as name of the
Island.

Establishment of colonial mints.

N.S.W. War scare and volunteer movement.

Vic.

S.A.

Tas.

Governor La Trobe retires and is succeeded by Sir Charles
Hotham.-The Eureka Stockade rebellion.

Departure of Sir Henry Young.-Organisation of military forces.
Departure of Governor Denison.

Creation of a separate Colonial Office.

N.S.W. Opening of the first Australian railway.-Governor Fitzroy is succeeded by Sir William Denison.-Norfolk Island cleared for the Pitcairn Islanders.-New scheme for the government of the gold-fields.-Introduction of responsible government. Reforms on the goldfields.-Introduction of responsible government. Death of Sir Charles Hotham.

Vic.

S.A.

Sir Richard Graves Macdonnell assumes office as Governor.—
Introduction of responsible government.

1855

1856

1857

1858

Q'ld. Gregory's search for Leichhardt.-First navigation of the Fitzroy
River.

Tas.

W.A.

Vic.
Q'ld.

W.A.

Sir Henry Edward Fox Young succeeds to the Governorship.-
The Hampton Case.-£25,000 contributed to a fund in aid of
English sufferers by the Crimean War.-Introduction of
responsible government.

Governor Fitzgerald succeeded by Arthur Edward Kennedy.-
Discovery of high-grade copper at the Bowes River.
New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania are
granted responsible government.

Sir Henry Barkly assumes office as Governor.

Grounding of the "Phoebe Dunbar" on Stradbroke Island.-—
Murders by the blacks.

A. C. Gregory's expedition in search of Leichhardt.-Perth con-
stituted a city.-A Select Committee appointed in New
South Wales to consider the best means of legislation on
matters of common interest.

N.S.W. Serious floods.-Wrecks of the "Duncan Dunbar" (119 lives lost), and the "Catherine Adamson" (21 lives lost) at Sydney Heads.

Vic.

S.A.
Q'ld.

Death, by carriage accident, of Lady Barkly. - Abolition of property qualification for members of the Assembly.Universal manhood suffrage established.-Sixth Census, population 410,766.

Babbage and Warburton explore northwards.

Establishment of Supreme Court sittings.-Garbutt tells his tale of Leichhardt's detention in the interior.-A Select Committee appointed in Victoria to consider best means of legislation on matters of common Australian interest.— Wentworth's draft Bill with proposal for a General Association of the Australian Colonies.

N.S. W. Establishment of manhood suffrage and vote by ballot.-Telegraphic communication established between Sydney and Melbourne.

Vic.

S.A.

Trial of rebel leaders.--The number of members of the Assembly raised to 78.

Torrens' Real Property Act passed.-Series of exploring expeditions begun by Stuart.

Q'ld. Brisbane declared a municipality.-Discovery of gold. -The Canoona Rush.-Exploration by Landsborough and Dalrymple.

Tas. W.A. 1858-61 S.A.

Establishment of a State system of Public Instruction.

F. T. Gregory explores the Gascoyne and Shark Bay districts. Series of exploring expeditions by John McDouall Stuart. 1859 N.S.W. The Northern Province separated.

1860

Q'ld.

Tas.

Proclamation of Queensland as

a separate Colony, with responsible government.-Sir George Bowen appointed Governor.

State aid to religion abolished.-First submarine cable laid from
Circular Head to Cape Otway.

N.S. W. Disastrous floods at Shoalhaven and Araluen.-Discovery of
Kiandra gold-field. --Heavy losses of cattle from "Cumber-
land Disease."

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Burke and Wills start on their journey of exploration.

The Wallaroo and Moonta copper discoveries.

Bowen founded.- Withdrawal of State aid to religion.

1861

N.S. W. Governor Denison succeeded by Sir John Young.-Anti-Chinese riots at Lambing Flat.-John Robertson's Land Acts.Constitutional Crisis.—Regulation and restriction of Chinese immigration.

Vic.
S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Seventh Census, population 540,322.

Mr. Justice Boothby claims to be the only legally appointed Judge of the Supreme Court.---McKinlay's expedition in search of Burke and Wills.

-

Burke and Wills perish in the Great Stony Desert; dispatch
of expeditions to search for their remains. -Laws made for
the transfer of real estate, and for municipal government.-
First census taken.-First despatch of a telegraphic message
in the colony.First State trial (Regina v. Pugh) results in
a verdict for the defendant establishing the right of free
discussion. -A military station established on Albany
Island.

Governor Sir Henry Young succeeded by Colonel Thomas Gore-
Browne.

W.A. Explorations of F. Gregory in the North-west.-Pearling grounds
discovered.

Conference at Melbourne to secure uniformity in collection and compilation of the Annual Statistics of the Australian Colonies.

1862 N.S.W. Daring raid on the Lachlan gold escort (£14,000 carried off). Abolition of State aid to religion.

1863

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.
W.A.

Charles Gavan Duffy's Land Act.-Intercolonial Conference at
Melbourne.

Departure of Sir Richard Macdonnell.-Stuart crosses the con-
tinent from south to north.-Sir Dominick Daly assumes
office as Governor.

McKinlay's explorations.-Severe floods on the Fitzroy River. Governor Kennedy succeeded by John S. Hampton. -Formation of the first Legislative Council.-Destructive floods in various parts of the colony.

N.S.W. The outlaw Gilbert and his confederates rob a jeweller's shop in Bathurst, and hold up the town of Canowindra for three days.-Initiation of the Riverina district dispute.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Retirement of Governor Barkly, who is succeeded by Sir Charles
Darling.

South Australia takes over the Northern Territory.

Expedition of the brothers Jardine in the Gulf Country.-
Extension of the north-west boundary.-Queensland Bank
Act passed.

W.A. First settlement of north-west district.

Intercolonial Conference held at Melbourne.

1864 N.S.W. Frequent outrages by bushrangers.

Q'ld.

W.A.

1864-5 Tas.

1865 Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

First railway begun in the colony.-First sugar manufactured from Queensland cane.

Murder of Messrs. Panton, Harding, and Goldwyer, by
aborigines.

First successful shipment of salmon ova from England.
First railway opened.-Financial depression.

Act passed to facilitate release and transfer of real estate.
Petition to the Legislative Council urging the introduction of a
measure to establish representative government.

1866 N.S.W. Passage of the Public Schools' Act of (Sir) Henry Parkes.

S.A.
Qid.

N.S W.

Vic.

SA.

Q1
W.A.

1868

N.S.W.

Vic.

1869

S.A.

Qld.

Tas.

W.A.
N.S.W.

Vic.

Qld.

S.A.

Tas.

Political deadlock.-Governor Darling recalled and replaced by
the Right Hon. F. H. T. Manners-Sutton (afterwards Vis-
count Canterbury).

Introduction of camels for purposes of exploration, etc.
Financial crisis.-Hume's search for Leichhardt.

Departure of Sir John Young.

Import duty imposed on a number of articles for the purpose
of affording protection to home industries.

The Governor and Executive Council investigate charges against
Mr. Justice Boothby and remove him from the Bench.-
Visit of the Duke of Edinburgh.

Rich gold discoveries at Gympie.

Loss of the schooner "Emma" 42 lives lost.

Lord Belmore takes office as Governor.-Attempt to assassinate the Duke of Edinburgh at Clontarf.-Treason Felony Act passed.

Visit of the Duke of Edinburgh.

Death of Sir Dominick Dalv.
Departure of Governor Bowen.-Visit of the Duke of Edin-
burgh.-Act passed to regulate Island Labour traffic.-
Colonel S. W. Blackall succeeds to the Government.
The Duke of Edinburgh turns the first sod of the first Tasmanian
railway.—Governor Gore-Browne's term of office expires.
Departure of Governor Hampton.—Transportation ceases.
Select Committee appointed to inquire into existence of alleged
conspiracy for treason and murder.

Reduction of the property qualification of members and electors
of the Legislative Council.

Brisbane Grammar School established.

Sir James Fergusson assumes office as Governor.

Governor Gore-Browne departs and is succeeded by Mr. Charles du Cane.-State aid to religion finally abolished.

W.A. Forrest's Expedition in search of Leichhardt.

1870 N.S.W. Intercolonial Exhibition held at Sydney to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Cook's landing.

S.A.

Tas.

W.A.

1871

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

S.A.

The trans-continental telegraph started.

Amendment of the Constitution.

Grant of representative government to Western Australia.—
The brothers Forrest journey from Perth to Adelaide via
Eucla.

Intercolonial Congress held at Melbourne.

Increase of import duties.—Eighth Census, population 731,528.
Death of Lady Edith Fergusson.

Death of Governor Blackall.-The Marquis of Normanby assumes
office as Governor.

The Queensland National Bank founded.

Discovery of Mount Bischoff tin-mines, and other valuable mineral discoveries.

Further explorations to the east by A. Forrest.

1872 N.S.W. Lord Belmore succeeded by Sir Hercules Robinson.-International Exhibition at Sydney.-Death of Wentworth. Submarine cable laid from Singapore to Port Darwin.--Completion of trans-continental telegraph line.-Strangway's Act passed.

Q'ld. Discovery of tin at Stanthorpe, copper at Mt. Perry, opal in the
Warrego district, and coal at Wide Bay.-Discovery of the
Palmer gold-field.