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CHAPTER V

OTHER COUNTRIES

Argentine, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay-Egypt-Siam-Burma-Ceylon
-China-India-Japan-Palestine Syria-Turkey.

CHAPTER VI

THE UNITED STATES BEFORE 1917

General considerations-The appointment of Police Matrons-
The first police power for women-The work of Mrs. Alice
Stebbins Wells-The women police organize.

CHAPTER VII

THE UNITED STATES FROM 1917 TO 1922

PAGE

The Commissions of the War and Navy Departments on Training
Camp Activities: Committee on Protective Work for Girls;
Section on Women and Girls-Interdepartmental Social Hy-
giene Board...

89

94

107

CHAPTER VIII

THE UNITED STATES SINCE 1922

General Statistics; Boston; Chicago; Cleveland; Detroit........ 118

CHAPTER IX

THE UNITED STATES SINCE 1922 (Continued)

New York City; Portland, Oregon; St. Louis; Washington, D.C.;
State Women Police of Connecticut...

CHAPTER X

155

THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF POLICEWOMEN.... 191

CHAPTER XI

COMMUNITY PROBLEMS AND THE POLICE

Legitimate police functions-Program of protective and preventive social measures-Public agencies-Private agencies-The Police Department-Women police....

202

CHAPTER XII

PROGRAM OF WORK

General Considerations-British Opinion Opinion_in_the_United States-Present tendencies in Program of Work: The Information Service-The Patrol Service: general background, supervision of public conduct, "subway mashers," commercialized prostitution, procurers, traffic in women and children, shoplifting, résumé of patrol service-Investigation Service: missing persons-Court Service: attendance in court, relation of court to probation-Detention Service-Paper Work -Résumé.....

PAGE

219

CHAPTER XIII

FORM OF ORGANIZATION-TYPE OF WOMEN-
METHOD OF SELECTION

Forms of organization already tried-British practice United
States experiments. TYPE OF WOMEN AND PREVIOUS Ex-
PERIENCE DESIRABLE.-Great Britain-The United States-
Poland-Résumé. METHODS OF SELECTION.

CHAPTER XIV

TRAINING AND TRAINING SCHOOLS

The United States: University of California, Boston School of Pub-
lic Service, Police Department of New York City, New York
School of Social Work, George Washington University-Great
Britain: Peel House, Women Police Service School, Bristol
School, Liverpool School, Scottish School-Résumé....

251

268

APPENDIX I-Statistics of Cities in the United States.......... 283

APPENDIX II-Typical Civil Service Examinations for Women
Police....

291

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

299

INDEX...

307

PREFACE

This history is an authentic record of the policewoman's service since its inception in this and foreign countries. It is a book of value to those seeking actual facts on this service, and is uncolored by personalities and their individual opinions. It should help to formulate a uniform program for policewomen in all police departments-uniform so far as technique and principles are concerned; the details of organization must be always in harmony with local needs and with the police departments in which policewomen find themselves.

Many police departments now have Women's Bureaus, or are contemplating their establishment. They employ policewomen singly or in groups varying in number. Where Bureaus exist and function properly they are acting as a socializing agency to the whole police force, resulting in a better and more intelligent attitude on the part of policemen toward men, women and children requiring their attention.

This social influence which penetrates the police service in general also affects the attitudes of judges and prosecutors trained in the individualistic, unsocial theory of a legal system which seldom takes

into account the conservation and protection of social interests. Policewomen by use of the social method and modern clinical facilities for study and treatment of individual cases can suggest to the courts means for guidance and proper care of those who come to their attention. By insisting upon the social protection of women, children and the community, rather than upon the vindication of "rights" which are presumed to inhere in the individual and the state, they are introducing into the administration of criminal justice a social viewpoint which should influence a change of attitude on the part of the courts and the public toward those accused of delinquency and crime.

It has been my privilege to visit most of the large and many of the small cities where women are employed in police departments in this and foreign countries. I have interviewed mayors, police commissioners, police chiefs and hundreds of men in the ranks as to their views on the service of policewomen. Where good qualified women are employed no opposition to the service exists and there is endorsement of and pride in their work as well as enthusiasm in recommending the service to other communities. Opposition is unavoidable where women of easy familiar habits find their way into departments either through political or other influence, and who, unable to do the work required, try to cover up their ignorance by maudlin sentimentality in dealing with persons coming under their control. Vulgar, uneducated, untrained police

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