The treasurer is appointed by the joint ballot of both houses of the legislature. Field and staff officers of the militia are appointed by the governor, except battalion staff officers who are appointed by the field officers of each battalion Most of the civil officers are appointed by the governor and senate.

TENNESSEE.

Of the Situation. Tennessee is situated in the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth degrees of north latitude, and extends from the middle of the eighty-second degree, to the Missisippi, in the ninety-second degree of west longitude.

Of the Bounds. This state has North-Carolina on the east, the Missisippi territory on the south, Kentucky on the north and the Missisippi on the west. It was formerly a part of North-Carolina; ceded by that state to congress in 1789, and formed into a state, and received into the union in 1796.

Of the Extent. The length of Tennessee is about three hundred and fifty miles, and the breadth one hundred. Its area is therefore about thirty-five thousand square miles, containing upwards of twenty-two miltions of acres.

Of the Mountains. On the east, are the different ridges which are a continuation of the mountains in Virginia-some of them of stupendous size and elevation. The chief are the Stone monntain, the Yellow, the Iron, the Bald, the Clinch and Cumberland. The latter penetrates into the centre of the state. The mountains are numerous and many of them not capable of cultivation.

Of the Rivers. The Tennessee river, from which the state is named, is one of the largest rivers in the United States. It proceeds from the mountains on the east, and winding between the vast ridges of the Cumberland mountain on one side, and the Bald and Iron mountains on the other, finds its way to the Ohio. It is navigable for ships of burden, two hundred and fifty -miles, to the Mussle shoals, and boatable nine hundred VOL II.

miles to Tellico block-house. The chief branches of this river, are the Clinch, the Holston, the French, Broad and Duck rivers. The Cumberland enters this state on the north, and waters a large tract of land; then re-enters Kentucky.

Of the Climate and Soil. Tennessee enjoys a very mild and temperate climate; and is distinguished for the salubrity of its air. The soil, except the barren and inaccessible mountains, is generally fertile: producing all the species of grain, plants, roots, and fruits, which are found in similar latitudes.

Of the chief Productions. The staple commodities are cotton, wheat and maiz, which are very productive. The soil is covered with timber of the best kindsthe rivers abound with fish-the forests with buffaloes, deer, and other animals, and the country is well furished with salt springs, iron ore, sulphur, saltpetre

aud lead.

Of the Counties and Towns. Tennessee is laid out into six districts, and in 1800, there were eighteen counties. The principal towns are Knoxville on the Holston, which is the seat of government, and Nashville on the Cumberland, which was named after General Nash, who fell in the battle of Germantown, and is the seat of the courts in Mero district.

Of the Inhabitants. The first settlers of Tennessee were emigrants from the western settlements in Pennsylvania and Virginia. A few families attempted a settlement in 1754, but were driven away or destroyed. The first effectual attempt was in 1765, on the Watauga, a branch of the Holston The number of inhabitants in 1795, was seventy-seven thousand persons in 1800, the number was one hundred and six thousand, of which thirteen thousand five hundred were slaves.

Of the Commerce. By means of the Tennessee and Cumberland, navigation is opened from the Missisippi into the inland parts of this state; and the cotton, wheat, flour, tobacco, skins and lumber may be easily transported to New-Orléans. The only port of entry in the state is Palmyra.

Of the Learning and Religion. Several schools are established in this state, and by law, provision is made for three colleges. There is also a society for promoting useful knowledge. The inhabitants are of various religious denominations, of which the presbyterians are said to be the most numerous. Ministers of the gospel are precluded from a seat in the legislature; and no person denying the being of a God, and a future state of rewards and punishment, can hold any civil office.

Of the Government. By the constitution of Tennessee, established February 6, 1796, the legislature consists of two branches, a senate and house of representatives, chosen for two years, and called the General Assembly.

Of the Qualifications The senators and representatives are elected in districts, and must be of lawful age; must possess two hundred acres of land in the county in which he is chosen, and must have resided three years in the state, and one year in the county. The electors must be of age, possess a freehold in the.county, and be inhabitants of the state; and inhabitants in the county six months before the election.

Of the Executive. The executive power is lodged in a governor chosen by the people, who must be twenty five years of age; possessed of a freehold of five hundred acres of land, and have been a citizen or inhabitant of the state, for four years. He holds his office for two years, but cannot hold it more than six years in eight. He has power to grant pardons and reprieves after convictioù. In case of his death, resignation or removal, his place is supplied by the speaLer of the senate.

Of the Judiciary. The judicial power is vested in such courts as the legislature may establish. The judges of law and equity, and the attornies of the state, are appointed by the joint ballot of both houses, and hold their offices during good behaviour. The judges of the superior court receive a fixed salary, and no fees or perquisites. Sheriffs, coroners and constables are appointed by the county courts.

Of other Officers. The treasurer of the state is appointed by the legislature, for two years. The soldiers in a company chuse the captains and inferior ofHeers. The soldiers in a county, elect field officers. Brigadier generals are chosen by the field officers of their respective brigades; and major generals, by the brigadiers and field officers of the divisions. 'The adjutantgeneral is appointed by the governor.

OHIO.

Of the Situation of the State of Ohio. The state of Chio lies between the western limit of Pennsylvania, and a meridian line drawn from the mouth of the Great Miami, to its northern limit, which limit is an east and west line touching the southernmost part of the lake Mishigan. On the south it is washed by the river Ohio from which it derives its name.

Of the Extent. Ohio extends from a few minutes west of the eightieth degree of longitude, about five degrees, and from about the middle of the thirty-ninth degree of latitude, to the forty-third. Its length from east to west, is two hundred and twenty-three miles its breadth on the western border is two hundred and fifteen miles, and on the eastern one hundred and sixtyfive. Its mean breadth is one hundred and ninety miles. It contains forty-two thousand five hundred square miles, and more than twenty-seven millions of

acres.

Of the Face of the State. The south-eastern part of Ohio consists of hilly land, interspersed with rich intervals or bottoms. The middle and western parts from the Seiota are a level country, very fertile and abounding with prairies, or Bat land destitute of wood. The hilly parts are esteemed the most healthy. There are no elevations which deserve the name of mountains, and it is noted that the rough broken lands are all adjacent to the rivers.

Of the Rivers. The chief rivers are the Big Beaver, Muskingum, Sciota, Great Miami, Little Miami, and

Hockhocking, which discharge their waters into the Ohio: the St. Joseph which falls into Mishigan; the Sandusky, and the Cayohega, which falls into Erie: but there are many other streams. During the summer, this state, like all level countries, suffers from a failure of the streams, which become very low, and nearly stagnant. Nor do the rivers furnish falls of water for good mill seats in convenient abundance.

Of the Soil, Productions, and Minerals. The soil of this state is for the most part, a loam, or light earth, on a bottom of clay. Few parts are stony. The soil is very rich, producing luxuriant crops of maiz and other grains. The wood, native vegetables, and cultivated fruits are the same in this state, as in others under the same parallels of latitude. Salt springs supply the inhabitants with salt; coal, allum, and niter have been found in abundance, as has the sulphuret of iron. Iron ores are found in detached situations; but not in quantities sufficient to supply a furnace, or to justify the eerection of one.

Of the Civil Divisions of the State. Ohio is divided into eighteen counties, which for the distribution of justice, are formed into three circuits; the first consisting of Butler, Hamilton, Montgomery, Warren, Green and Clermont; the second of Adams, Sciota, Gallia, Ross, Franklin, Fairfield, and Muskingum; the third, of Washington, Belmont, Jefferson, Columbiana, and Trumbull.

ernment.

Of the Towns. The chief towns are Chilicotha, Marietta, and Cincinnati. Chilacotha is the seat of govIt is upon the west bank of the Sciota, about forty miles from its confluence with the Ohio, and eigh ty miles westward of Marietta. Marietta is a pleasant and thriving town, at the junction of the Muskingum with the Ohio, on a plain surrounded by hills at a mile's distance. It consists of about one hundred houCincinnati, is upou the bank of the Ohio, a thriving town in a fertile country, containing one hundred and fifty houses.

ses.

Of other Towns. Steubenvill, on the Ohio, twenty five miles above Wheeling: Lanesvill, at the conflu