A History of Higher Education in America - Charles Franklin Thwing - Google Knjige

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

THE FIRST COLLEGE

Origin and Associations of the Founders of Harvard College-Contrast

Between Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth Colony-Founders

Were Idealists-Votes of General Court in Making Foundation-

John Harvard-Formal Government Unlike that of English

University System-First Master, Eaton, and Mrs. Eaton-Title

of President-The First President: Dunster-The Second Presi-

dent: Chauncy-Progress of College During First Two Presi-

dencies-President Increase Mather, and His Son Cotton-Cause

of Unhappiness in College Presidencies-Curriculum of the First

Century-Comparison with the Curriculum of Oxford and Cam-

bridge Results of the Course of Study-Requirements for Ad-

mission Secondary Education-Moral Conditions Social Con-

ditions-Age of Students-College Expenses-Contrast of Life at

Harvard with Life at Oxford and Cambridge Conflict of Town

and Gown-Commencement-Results of the First Half-Century

in Educating Clergymen, Lawyers, and Physicians-General Edu-

cational Conditions-Influence of Harvard in England

THE SECOND COLLEGE: WILLIAM AND MARY

First Endeavors for Higher Education in Virginia-Origin and Asso-

ciations of the Settlers of Virginia-Dr. James Blair-Founding

of William and Mary College-Generous Pecuniary Provision-

Government of the College-Its Great Work in Educating Virginia

Statesmen-Undergraduate Life-The Source of Several Educa-

tional Movements.

PAGE

THE THIRD COLLEGE: YALE

Conditions in Connecticut-Need of a College-The Purpose of Founda-
tion Indicated in Early Charter-The Founders-A Single Board

TABLE OF CONTENTS

of Government-Advantages and Disadvantages of Single Board

of Government and a Double-Finally Located at New Haven-

Reasons for Choice-The Course of Study-Intellectual Results

of the Education-The Annual Budgets-Endowment-Lotteries

-The First Three Presidents-The Presidency of Thomas Clap-

The Orthodoxy of the College-General Political Conditions De-

termining Its Prerevolutionary History-Governor Yale-Bishop

Berkeley-Undergraduate Rules and Customs-Comparison of

Manners and Morals in American Colleges and English Uni-

PRINCETON, PENNSYLVANIA, AND COLUMBIA

Unique Conditions of Founding of Princeton, Pennsylvania, and Co-

lumbia Character of Dutch, Scotch-Irish, Irish Settlers and

Friends The Educational Influence of the Presbyterian Church

-Tennent's "Log College"-Location of the College of New

Jersey at Princeton-Benjamin Franklin and the Higher Educa-

tion in Pennsylvania-Conditions of the Establishment of the

Higher Education in Pennsylvania-Columbia (King's) College

Result of Long Historic Process-First President of Princeton-

First Buildings at Princeton and Columbia-Similarity of Condi-

tions at the First Three Colleges of the Middle Colonies-Samuel

Johnson, First President of Columbia-Contrast of the Colleges in

England and in America in the Eighteenth Century

LATER PREREVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENTS

Conditions of Founding of College in Rhode Island-Rhode Island

College Baptist in Its Ecclesiastical Relations-Early Financial

History Foundation of a Second College in New Jersey-The

Result of Conditions of the Dutch Settlement-The Founder of

Dartmouth: Eleazar Wheelock-Purpose, to Educate Indians—

Contributions Received from England-Located at Hanover-

Simplicity of Undergraduate Life Observance of Formal Academic

Ceremonies-Unsettled Conditions in Massachusetts in Middle of

Eighteenth Century-Four Presidents of Harvard: Willard,

Leverett, Wadsworth, Holyoke-Improvements in Course of

Study-Testimony of Rev. John Clarke-Revision of College Laws

and Customs-Value of Contributions Made by the College to the

Community Before the Outbreak of the Revolution

THE COLLEGES IN THE REVOLUTION

Special Relations of the Colleges to the Revolution-Great Men of that

Contest and Their Academic Relations: James Otis, Oxenbridge

Thacher, Samuel Adams, John Hancock-The Men of Connecticut,

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Virginia—The Loyal-

ists-Spirit of the Students-General Influence of the Nine

BEGINNINGS OF THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Growth of National Spirit Contemporaneous with the Growth of College

Spirit-Collegiate Spirit Manifest in Three Forms:/
洲 Desire of

Individual States to Found and Promote the Higher Education

Within Their Own Borders; 2) Desire of the National Government

to Found and Promote the Higher Education Independent of the

States;
Desire of the National Government to Found and

Promote the Higher Education by Granting Aid to Individual

States-Higher Education in North Carolina-Slow Progress-

Joseph Caldwell-The Higher Education in South Carolina-Presi-

dency of Joseph Maxcy-The Higher Education in Georgia—The

Higher Education in Maryland-The University of Maryland—

Washington College St. John's College-The Collegiate Spirit

Manifest in Endeavors for National University-Washington's

Relations to National University-Endeavors of Succeeding

Presidents-National Interest in Higher Education Shown in

Giving Aid to Individual States-Place of Land in Endowment-

The Ordinance of 1787-Significance of this Ordinance-Manasseh

Cutler-Ohio's Early Educational History

THE FRENCH PERIOD

Education in France at the Time of the French Revolution-Unity of

Interest of the French and American People-Instruction in

French Language and Literature-Frenchmen in America—

Rochefoucald-Thomas Jefferson and the French Influence—

French Influence Seen in the University of the State of New York

Quesnay's Scheme French Influence in the Territory of

Michigan-Movement Toward a University in Michigan

COLLEGES OF AND FOR AN ADVANCING PEOPLE

Several Movements Uniting in the Establishment of Colleges-Origin
of Williams College-Difficulty of Its Establishment-Movement
for a College in or near Schenectady-Union College Signifi-
cance of its Name-Hamilton College-Jefferson College in Penn-
sylvania-Washington College in Pennsylvania-The Higher
Education in Vermont-The Higher Education in Maine-The
Higher Education in Central Pennsylvania-Common Character-
istics of Colleges thus Founded-Poverty-High Character of
Students-Influence of Teachers over Students

THE LAYING OF NEWER FOUNDATIONS

The Order of Establishing Political and Educational Institutions—
Motives of Establishing Educational Institutions-Difficulties-
Educational Purposes Embodied in Constitution of the States—
Specific Endeavors Made-The Religious Impulse and Ecclesias-
tical Condition-The Human Motive-The Relation of New
England to the Foundation of Colleges in the West

IN SOUTHERN STATES

Influence of the University of Virginia and Its Causes-The Higher

Education in the Carolinas Certain Personalities-The Higher

Education in Kentucky and Tennessee-The Christian College——

The Higher Education in Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi—

The Rise of the Anti-Slavery Sentiment-Southern Students in

Northern Colleges.

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COLLEGE CONDITIONS IN NEW ENGLAND

The Fourth Decade a Period of Beginnings-Great Personalities-

Yale: Dwight, Day, J. L. Kingsley, and Woolsey-Harvard and

Its Several Presidents: Kirtland, Quincy, Everett, Sparks, Walker,

Felton, Hill-Princeton-Columbia-Unique Conditions at Dart-

mouth-The Dartmouth College Case-Union College and Nott-

Five Great Presidents: Nott, Wayland, Lord, Hopkins, Wood-

New Colleges in the Earlier and Middle Decades of the Century:

Waterville (Colby), Amherst, Washington (Trinity), Wesleyan,

Antioch and Horace Mann .

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