Description of the northernmost territories of the western section General view of the mountain-ridges of the western section Particular description of Oregon, or the country drained by the Columbia The Columbia and its branches 1499. Voyage of Magellan from Europe to India, westward across the Pacific Conquest of Mexico completed by Cortes, who explores the adjacent coasts in search of rich countries and passages for ships between the Atlantic and the Journey of Friar Marcos de Niza, who pretends to have discovered a rich country, called Cibola, northwest of Mexico 1540-3. Expeditions of Alarcon and Coronado in search of Cibola Expedition of Legaspi from Mexico to India; conquest of the Philippine Islands, and discovery of the mode of navigating the Pacific from west to east, by Ur- Establishment of the Spanish trade between America and India Prohibitory measures of the Spaniards against the trade or settlement of other Year. 1587. 1588. 1592. 1594. 1596. 1602. 1603. 1610. 1616. 1640. 1643. 1669. 1697. 1700. Attempts of the English to discover passages for ships between the Atlantic and Voyage of Cermenon, who is wrecked on the Bay of San Francisco Survey of the west coast to the 43d degree of latitude by Vizcaino Discovery of the navigation around Cape Horn, by Lemaire and Van Schouten Charter given to the Hudson's Bay Company by King Charles II. of England Father Kuhn, a Jesuit, ascertains that California is connected with the Amer- Peter the Great, Czar of Russia, forms plans for exploring the seas east of Kam- · 150 150 150 1714. Treaty of Utrecht between Great Britain and France, no boundary-line estab- 150, 216 1728. Voyage of Beering, by order of the Empress Catherine of Russia, from Kam- Tschirikof discovers America near the 56th degree of latitude, and returns to 1742. The survivors of Beering's crew return to Kamschatka, and begin the fur trade General peace; British and French voyages of discovery 1766-'8. Journey of Carver through the country west of Lake Superior Establishment of the first colonies on the west coast of North America by the 1769-72. Journeys of Hearne, west and northwest from Hudson's Bay, to the Arctic Sea First voyage from Kamschatka to China, by a party of Polish exiles, under 1771. 1774. Voyage of the Spaniards, under Perez, along the northwest coast to the 53d de- 1775. Voyage of the Spaniards, under Heceta, Bodega, and Maurelle, to the 58th de- Heceta discovers the mouth of a river, named by him San Roque, now called 1776. Captain Cook sails from England for the Pacific, in search of a northern pas- Expedition under Shellikof, who establishes settlements on the Island of Kodiak Cook examines the northwest coast of America to the 70th degree The English, under Gore, on their way to England, carry to Canton the first Association of merchants in Siberia for carrying on the fur trade Preparations begun in many countries for carrying on the fur trade between Year. 1786. Voyage of the French, under La Pérouse, from Mount Saint Elias to Monterey 1787. Berkely discovers the Strai of Fuca 1788. 1789. Voyages of Portlock and Dixon Sept. 30. The ship Columbia, Capt. Kendrick, and sloop Washington, Captain Formation of the Northwest Fur trading Company of Montreal winter Voyages of Meares and Douglas from Macao to the northwest coast Meares attempts to find the River San Roque, and pronounces that none such exists Voyage of the Spaniards, under Martinez and Haro, to observe the progress of Attempt of Ledyard to pass, through Russia and America, from Paris to the Martinez and Haro sent by the Viceroy of Mexico to occupy Nootka 1790. 1791. 1792. Spain promises satisfaction to Great Britain Oct. 28. A convention is signed between those Powers, respecting the naviga. The Spaniards occupy Nootka, and seize vessels which are said to be the prop- 104, 212 Captain Gray first sails around Queen Charlotte's Island, to which he gives the name of Washington Island 92 The Spaniards quit Nootka; which they, however, reoccupy in the following 117 The owners of the vessels seized at Nootka complain to the British Government, 111 The King of Spain asks aid from Louis XVI. of France to resist the demand, The Spaniards from Nootka endeavor to explore the northwest coasts Voyage of the Russians, under Billings, from Kamchatka Seven vessels arrive from the United States in the north Pacific, to be employed Captain Ingraham, in the Hope, from Boston, discovers the Washington Islands 119 Unsuccessful voyage of the Russians from Kamschatka, under Hall and Sarets- The Spaniards endeavor, unsuccessfully, to establish a new settlement on the 123 Queen Charlotte's, or Washington Island, explored and frequented by the 92, 123 Captain Quadra arrives at Nootka as commissioner on the part of Spain to exe- 132 Vancouver arrives on the American coast, near Cape Mendocino 123 He examines the coast northward to the Strait of Fuca, and pronounces that 125 Gray, in the Columbia, on his way to examine the river which he had found in 125 Gray discovers Bulfinch's Harbor, and enters the great river, (May 11,) which he Vancouver surveys the Strait of Fuca, partly in company with the Spanish ves- Observations on the Journal of the Voyage of the Sutil and Mexicana 134 134 Letter addressed to Quadra by Gray and Ingraham, (August 3,) detailing the Negotiations between Vancouver and Quadra, as related by Howel 135 Survey of the Columbia by Lieutenant Broughton, who attempts to appropriate 136 Vancouver winters at the Sandwich Islands; his proceedings there 137 Expedition of Rodman and a party of Americans from the mouth of the Missouri He winters at the Sandwich Islands, the sovereignty of one of which is ceded to 138 Death of Quadra 138 Alava appointed Spanish commissioner in place of Quadra 138 Expeditions of Mackenzie across the continent to the Pacific, which he reaches Vancouver completes his surveys of the northwest coast, and sails for England 141 Broughton arrives as British commissioner at Nootka, which he finds occupied 141 141 143 Whole of the direct trade in furs from the northwest coast to China carried on Formation of the Russian-American Company, which receives a charter (1799) Foundation of Sitca, or New Archangel, by the Russians, under Baranof 145 145 Voyage of Krusenstern and Lisiansky from St. Petersburgh to the north Pacific 146 142 152 152 Frazer, and others in the employ of the Northwest Trading Company, cross the Krusenstern and Lisiansky complete their voyage of circumnavigation Russian Government complains to that of the United States of the misconduct of Formation of the Pacific Fur Company at New York, by J. J. Astor 1810. 1811. 156 157 157 158 158 1812. War declared by the United States against Great Britain 158 1813. The Russians establish themselves in California near Port San Francisco Property of the Americans on the Columbia sold to the Northwest Company Astoria taken by a British ship of war, and its name changed to Fort George 1814.* Peace of Ghent between Great Britain and the United States Destruction of the ship Tonquin, which had carried out the other party, and her crew, by the savages near Nootka Year. 1814. 1817. 1818. Agreeably to which, (1815,) the Americans demand the restitution of Astoria Islands Page. 164 148 168 169, 219 Messrs. Prevost and Biddle sent in the ship Ontario to take possession of Astoria, 164 1822. 1823. Act of British Parliament for regulating the fur trade, and establishing a crimi. Ukase of the Russian Emperor, claiming all the west coasts of America north of the 51st parallel 175 176 Discussions between the Russian and the American Governments on this subject 176 178 173, 178, 179 1824. 1825. 1826. Negotiation between the United States and Great Britain broken off 1827. ments Convention prolonging for an indefinite period the third article of the convention 183 1829. Debates in Congress with respect to the occupation of Oregon Hudson's Bay Company's expedition to take possession of the River Stikine ren- Particular account of the Hudson's Bay Company's system and establishments Establishment of American colonies on the river Wallamet Reflections on the fur trade in America, and on the future destinies of the coun- Observations on the pretensions advanced by the parties in this negotiation A.-Respecting the part of the northwest coast seen by Drake in 1579 C-Account of the voyage of Juan de Fuca in the north Pacific in 1592, extracted from D.-Correspondence at Nootka in 1792, between the Spanish commissioner Quadra, and F-Containing extracts and copies of treaties between various nations respecting the northwest coast of America 201 205 207 212 216 219 |