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RECIPROCITY, Continued.

Kingdoms and States within limits of East India Company's Charter.

vested in Him, declare and grant that it shall and may be lawful for Russian ships to import into any of the British Possessions abroad, from the dominions of the Emperor of Russia, goods the produce of those dominions, and to export goods from such Possessions to be carried to any foreign country whatever. And His Majesty is further pleased to declare and grant, that it shall and may be lawful for ships of, or belonging to any Kingdom or State within the limits of the East India Company's Charter, to import into the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope, and into the Island of Ceylon, and into the Island of Mauritius, and into His Majesty's Settlements in the Island of New Holland, and into the Island of Van Diemen's Land, and into the several Settlements or Colonies aforesaid, and to export Goods from such several Settlements or Colonies, or their respective dependencies, to be carried into any foreign country whatever: Provided that nothing herein contained shall extend to take away or abridge any power now vested in His Majesty's subjects in the last-mentioned Settlements or Colonies, of trading with any Kingdon or State within the limits of the said Company's Charter. And His Majesty doth further declare, that no foreign country is entitled to the privileges, &c. granted by the Law of Naviga tion, other than and except the foreign countries hereinbefore particularly mentioned; and that no foreign ship can, or may lawfully import into, or export from, any of the British Possessions abroad, any Goods, except so far as the right of such foreign countries to which such ships may belong, is herein before declared: Provided always, that nothing herein contained extends to infringe or interfere with any Treaty or Convention subsisting between His Majesty and any foreign State or Power (see page 12): Provided also, that nothing herein, or in the said former Orders in Council, extends, or shall be construed to extend, to His Majesty's Garrison and Territory at Gibraltar, or to the Island of Malta; but that Goods shall and may be imported into, or exported therefrom, in the same manner in all respects as though this present Order, or the said former Orders, had not been made.-Order in Council, 16 July, 1827.

Within the dominions of His Majesty the King of Prussia, the commerce and navigation of this country having been placed on

the footing of the most favoured nation: His Majesty is Prussia. pleased, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, to

declare, that the Ships of and belonging to the dominions of His Majesty the King of Prussia are entitled to the privileges granted by the law of navigation*, and may import from such the dominions of His Majesty the King of Prussia, into any of the British Possessions abroad, Goods, the produce of such dominions, and may export Goods from such British Possessions abroad to be carried to any foreign country whatever. Order in Council, 3 May, 1826.

navigation, and fisheries of the subjects of Great Britain and Russia, in the Pacific Ocean; as well as to the limits of their respective possessions on the North-West coast of America, in page 266.

Spain.

RECIPROCITY, Continued. The conditions mentioned and referred to in the Acts 6 Geo. IV. c. 114, and 7 & 8 Geo. IV. c. 56 (see page 261), have not in all respects been fulfilled by the Government of His Most Catholic Majesty the King of Spain, and therefore the privileges so granted as aforesaid by the law of navigation to Foreign ships, cannot lawfully be exercised or enjoyed by the ships of Spain, unless His Majesty, by his Order in Council, shall grant the whole or any such privileges to such Spanish Ships; His Majesty doth, therefore, with the advice of his Privy Council, deem it expedient to grant the privileges aforesaid in certain cases to Ships of the dominions of His Most Catholic Majesty the King of Spain, and in pursuance and exercise of the powers and authority in him vested by the said recited Acts, doth declare and grant that it shall and may be lawful for Spanish ships to import into any of the British Possessions abroad, from the Colonies and Foreign Possessions of His Most Catholic Majesty, Goods the produce of those Colonies and Possessions, and to export Goods from such British Possessions abroad, to be carried to any foreign country whatever.-Order in Council, 28 April, 1828.

Austria.

Austrian Ships are privileged to import from the dominions of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, into any of the British Possessions abroad, Goods the produce of such dominions, and to export Goods from such British Possessions abroad to be carried to any foreign country whatever.-Order in Council, 7 April, 1830. In respect to the commerce to be carried on in Austrian vessels with the British dominions in the East Indies, or now held by the East India Company in virtue of their Charter, His Britannic Majesty consents to grant the same facilities and privileges, in all respects, to the subjects of the Emperor of Austria, as are or may be enjoyed under any treaty or Act of Parliament, by the subjects or citizens of the most favoured nation; subject to the laws and regulations applicable to the ships and subjects of any foreign country enjoying the privileges of trading with the said dominions. (Article the 6th of a Convention with Austria, signed at London, 21 December, 1829.)

Ships of and belonging to the United States of America may import from the United States, into any of the British Possessions America. abroad, Goods the produce of those States, and may export Goods from the British possessions abroad, to be carried to any foreign country whatever.-Order in Council, 5 November, 1830.

CONVENTION WITH THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA.

Signed at St. Petersburg, 28 February, 1825.

His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, being desirous of drawing still closer the ties of good understanding and friendship which unite them, by means of an agreement which may settle, upon the

RECIPROCITY, continued.

basis of reciprocal convenience, different points connected with the commerce, navigation, and fisheries of their subjects on the Pacific Ocean, as well as the limits of their respective possessions on the north-west coast of America, have named Plenipotentiaries to conclude a Convention for this purpose, who have agreed upon and signed the following articles :Article 1.It is agreed that the subjects of the high contracting parties shall not be troubled or molested, in any part of the ocean, commonly called the Pacific Ocean, either in navigating the same, in fishing therein, or in landing at such parts of the coast as shall not have been already occupied, in order to trade with the natives, under the restrictions and conditions specified in the following articles.

Art. 2. In order to prevent the right of navigating and fishing, exercised upon the ocean by the subjects of the high contracting parties, from becoming the pretext for an illicit commerce, it is agreed that the subjects of His Britannic Majesty shall not land at any place where there may be a Russian establishment, without the permission of the Governor or Commandant; and, on the other hand, that Russian subjects shall not land without permission at any British establishment on the north-west

coast.

Art. 3.-The line of demarcation between the possessions of the high contracting parties upon the coast of the Continent, and the islands of America to the north-west, shall be drawn in the manner following Commencing from the southernmost point of the island called Prince of Wales Island, which point lies in the parallel of 54 degrees 40 minutes north latitude, and between 131st and the 133rd degree of west longitude (meridian of Greenwich), the said line shall ascend to the north along the channel called Portland Channel, as far as the point of the Continent where it strikes the 56th degree of north latitude; from this last-mentioned point the line of demarcation shall follow the summit of the mountains situated parallel to the coast, as far as the point of intersection of the 141st degree of west longitude (of the same meridian); and finally, from the said point of intersection, the said meridian line of the 141st degree, in its prolongation as far as the Frozen Ocean, shall form the limit between the Russian and British possessions on the continent of America to the north-west.

Art. 4. With reference to the line of demarcation laid down in the preceding article it is understood:

1st, That the island called Prince of Wales Island shall belong wholly to Russia.

2nd, That wherever the summit of the mountains which extend in a direction parallel to the coast, from the 56th degree of north latitude to the point of intersection of the 141st degree of west longitude, shall prove to be at the distance of more than ten marine leagues from the ocean, the limit between the British Possessions and the line of coast which is to belong to Russia, as above-mentioned, shall be formed by a line parallel to the windings of the coast, and which shall never exceed the distance of ten marine leagues therefrom.

Art. 5.-It is moreover agreed, that no establishment shall be formed

RECIPROCITY, Continued.

by either of the two parties within the limits assigned by the two preceding articles to the possessions of the other; consequently, British subjects shall not form any establishment either upon the coast or upon the border of the continent comprised within the limits of the Russian possessions, as designated in the two preceding Articles; and, in like manner, no establishment shall be formed by Russian subjects beyond the said limits.

Art. 6. It is understood that the subjects of his Britannic Majesty, from whatever quarter they may arrive, whether from the ocean, or from the interior of the Continent, shall for ever enjoy the right of navigating freely, and without any hinderance whatever, all the rivers and streams which, in their course towards the Pacific Ocean, may cross the line of demarcation upon the line of coast described in Article 3 of the present Convention.

Art. 7. It is also understood that, for the space of ten years from the signature of the present Convention, the vessels of the Two Powers, or those belonging to their respective subjects, shall mutually be at liberty to frequent, without any hinderance whatever, all the inland seas, the gulfs, havens, and creeks on the coast mentioned in Article 3 ; for the purposes of fishing and of trading with the natives.

Art. 8.-The Port of Sitka, or Novo Archangelsk, shall be open to the commerce and vessels of British subjects for the space of ten years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications of the present Convention. In the event of an extension of this term of ten years being granted to any other power, the like extension shall be granted also to Great Britain.

Art. 9.-The above-mentioned liberty of commerce shall not apply to the trade in spirituous liquors, in fire-arms, or other arms, gunpowder or other warlike stores; the high contracting parties reciprocally engaging not to permit the above-mentioned articles to be sold or delivered, in any manner whatever, to the natives of the country.

Art. 10.-Every British or Russian vessel navigating the Pacific Ocean, which may be compelled by storms or by accident to take shelter in the ports of the respective parties, shall be at liberty to refit therein, to provide itself with all necessary stores, and to put to sea again, without paying any other than port and lighthouse dues, which shall be the same as those paid by national Vessels. In case, however, the master of such Vessel should be under the necessity of disposing of a part of his merchandize in order to defray his expenses, he shall conform himself to the regulations and tariffs of the place where he may have landed.

Art. 11. In every case of complaint on account of an infraction of the Articles of the present Convention, the civil and military authorities of the high contracting parties, without previously acting or taking any forcible measure, shall make an exact and circumstantial report of the matter to their respective Courts, who engage to settle the same in a friendly manner, and according to the principles of justice.

Done at St. Petersburg, the day of February, 1825.

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Master, bound to the port of
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in the sea, taken wholly by the crews of British ships,
fourths at least were British subjects usually residing in
Majesty's dominions.

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Declaration of Shipper of Whale Oil, &c. in the Colonies.

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any person to Re-exportation of Coals imported from the United Kingdom.

From the 3 Aug. 1832, it shall and may be lawful for re-export Coals, the produce of the United Kingdom, in a British Ship, from any British possession, to any foreign State, upon payment of the duty to which such Coals are liable, upon exportation from the United Kingdom to such foreign State.-1 and 2 Wm. IV., c. 84, § 54.-See Export Du. ties on Coals from the United Kingdom, in page 199.

Whereas in some of His Majesty's possessions abroad, certain duties of tonnage are, by local Acts, made payable on British vessels, to which duties the like vessels built within such possessions, or All British Vesowned by persons resident there, are not subject; be sels shall be subit therefore enacted, that there shall be levied and paid ject to equal duat the several British possessions abroad, upon all Vesties in the Colonies. sels built in any such possessions, or owned by any person or persons there resident, other than coasting or drogueing Vessels, employed in coasting or drogueing, all such and the like duties of tonnage and shipping dues as are or shall be payable in any such possessions upon the like British Vessels-built in other parts of His Majesty's dominions, or owned by persons not resident in such possessions.2 and 3 Wm. IV., c. 84, § 55.

GUERNSEY, JERSEY, ALDERNEY, AND SARK.

Articles, the Produce or Manufacture of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, or Sark, may be imported into the United King- Goods, the Produce, &c. dom free of duty, except only such proportion

as may fairly countervail any duties of excise*, or any coast duty payable on the like Goods, the Produce of the part of the United Kingdom into which they shall be imported; but exemption not to extend to manufactures made from foreign materials†.—6 Geo. IV. c. 107. § 38.

See List of Excise Duties in page 206.

+Manufactured Goods must be accompanied by a certificate, to shew that the articles of which they are composed are of the growth, produce, and manufacture of the said Islands, otherwise the importation duty of customs will be charged thereon.

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