participated as equal partners. Responsibility for the policy of the new Organisation was vested in the East African Common Services Authority which consisted of the Prime Minister of Tanganyika, now the President of Tanzania, the Prime Minister, now the President, of Uganda, and the Prime Minister, now the President, of Kenya.

EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY

A Treaty for East African Co-operation was signed by the Presidents of the United Republic of Tanzania, the Sovereign State of Uganda and the Republic of Kenya on 6th June 1967. The Treaty came into force on 1st December 1967.

By this Treaty the Governments of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya established among themselves an East African Community and, as an integral part of such Community, an East African Common Market.

The institutions of the Community are as follows:

(i) The East African Authority. The Authority consists of the Presidents of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya who in turn comprise the principal executive authority of the Community.

(ii) The East African Legislative Assembly. This is the Community's legislative body which has the power to pass Bills which require the assent of the Heads of State of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. The Treaty provides that members of the Assembly shall be:

(a) the three East African Ministers;

(b) the three Deputy East African Ministers;

(c) twenty-seven appointed members; and

(d) the Chairman of the Assembly, the Secretary-General and the Counsel to the Community.

(iii) The East African Ministers. Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya each nominate a person for appointment by the Authority as an East African Minister. It is the Ministers' responsibility to assist the Authority in the exercise of its executive functions to the extent required by and subject to the directions of the Authority, and to advise the Authority generally in respect of the affairs of the Community. There are also three Deputy Ministers, similarly nominated and appointed.

(iv) The Common Market Council. The responsibilities of the Council are inter alia to ensure the functioning and development of the Common Market in accordance with the Treaty and to keep its operations under review. The Council's responsibilities are set out fully in Article 30 of the Treaty.

(v) The Common Market Tribunal. A judicial body established to ensure the observance of law and of the terms of the Treaty in the interpretation and application of so much of the Treaty as appertains to the Common Market.

(iv) The Communications Council. The duties and powers of the Council are set out in Annex XIII to the Treaty. In addition the Council provides a forum for consultation generally on communication matters.

(vii) The Finance Council. The Council's functions are to consult in common on the major financial affairs of the Community, and to consider and approve major financial decisions relating to the services administered by the Community, including their estimates of expenditure and related loan and investment programmes. The Council's functions in respect of the Community do not include the East African Development Bank.

(viii) The Economic Consultative and Planning Council. Its functions are to assist the national planning of the Partner States by consultative means, and to advise the Authority upon the long-term planning of the common services.

(ix) The Research and Social Council. Its functions are to assist, by consultative means, in the co-ordination of the policies of each of the Partner States and the Community regarding research and social matters.

(x) The Court of Appeal for East Africa. The Court of Appeal for Eastern Africa established by the East African Common Services Organisation Agreements 1961 to 1966 is to continue in being under the name of the Court of Appeal for East Africa and is deemed to have been established by the Treaty, notwithstanding the abrogation of those Agreements by the Treaty.

(xi) The East African Industrial Court. The Industrial Court will exercise the powers referred to in Article 84 of the Treaty in accordance with the principles laid down from time to time by the East African Authority.

(xii) The East African Tax Board. This is an advisory body whose membership and functions are set out in Article 88 of the Treaty.

(xiii) The East African Development Bank. The Bank was established under Article 21 of the Treaty, its main objectives being to provide financial and technical assistance to promote the industrial development of the Partner States, and to give priority to industrial development in the relatively less industrially developed Partner States. The Bank's Charter is set out in Annex VI to the Treaty.

Services to be Administered by the Community

1. The secretariat of the Community, including services relating to the Common Market and the Chambers of the Counsel to the Community.

2. The East African Directorate of Civil Aviation.

3. The East African Meteorological Department.

4. The East African Customs and Excise Department.
5. The East African Income Tax Department.

6. The East African Industrial Council.

7. The East African Literature Bureau.

8. The Auditor-General's Department.

9. The East African Community Service Commission.

10. The East African Legislative Assembly.

11. The East African Agriculture and Forestry Research Organisation.

12. The East African Freshwater Fisheries Research Organisation.

13. The East African Marine Fisheries Research Organisation.

14. The East African Trypanosomiasis Research Organisation.

15. The East African Veterinary Research Organisation.

16. The East African Leprosy Research Centre.

17. The East African Institute of Malaria and Vector-Borne Diseases.

18. The East African Institute for Medical Research.

19. The East African Virus Research Organisation.

20. The East African Industrial Research Organisation.

21. The East African Tropical Pesticides Research Institute.

22. The East African Tuberculosis Investigation Centre.

23. Services arising from the operations of the East African Currency Board.

24. Services for the administration of grants or loans made by the government of any country, any organisation or any authority, for the purpose of projects or services agreed between the Authority and the Partner States.

25. Services, including statistical services, for the purposes of co-ordinating the economic activities of the Partner States.

26. Services for the purposes of any body or authority established in pursuance of paragraph 4 of Article 43 of the Treaty.

27. Services for the purposes of the East African Industrial Court established by Article 85 of the Treaty.

Services to be Administered by the Corporations

1. The East African Railways Corporation-services and facilities relating to rail, road and and inland waterways transport and inland waterways ports.

2. The East African Harbours Corporation-harbour services and facilities (other than inland waterways ports).

3. The East African Posts and Telecommunications Corporation— posts, telecommunications and other associated services.

4. The East African Airways Corporation-services and facilities relating to East African and international air transport.

Location of the various Headquarters

(a) the headquarters of the Community at Arusha in Tanzania.

(b) the headquarters of the East African Development Bank at Kampala in Uganda.

(c) the headquarters of the East African Railways Corporation at Nairobi in Kenya.

(d) the headquarters of the East African Harbours Corporation at Dar es Salaam in Tanzania.

(e) the headquarters of the East African Posts and Telecommunications Corporation at Kampala in Uganda.

(f) the headquarters of the East African Airways Corporation at Nairobi in Kenya.

THE EAST AFRICAN COMMON MARKET

The establishment of a Common Market introduced common customs and excise tariffs and the abolition of quantitative restrictions on inter-territorial trade; in certain circumstances a transfer tax may be imposed on some imports from other Partner States in order to protect local industries and there are limited provisions for monetary co-operation.

REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE
WEST INDIES

THE WEST INDIES ASSOCIATED STATES

SUPREME COURT

597

This Court was established for the six proposed Associated States by Order in Council in February 1967. The Order enabled the Court to have jurisdiction also in Montserrat and the Virgin Islands. The Court consists of a Court of Appeal and a High Court. The Chief Justice is appointed by Her Majesty, and the Justices of Appeal and Puisne Judges on behalf of Her Majesty by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission. The Commission consists of the Chief Justice, one of the Justices of Appeal or Puisne Judges, an ex-Judge appointed with the concurrence of not less than four of the Premiers and the Chairman of two of the Public Services Commissions of the States in rotation. Judges are removable from office only if the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council has advised removal for inability or misbehaviour. The expenses of the Court, after allowing for any contributions from Montserrat and the Virgin Islands, are met by the states in equal shares and are charged on the Consolidated Funds of the respective states by the Order in Council.

Chief Justice: The Hon. Sir Allen Montgomery Lewis, KB, QC

Justices of Appeal:

Mr Justice Keith Lyndell Gordon; Mr Justice Percival Cecil Lewis
High Court Puisne Judges:

Mr Justice Elvin Lloyd St Bernard
(Grenada)

Mr Justice Neville Berridge

(Dominica & Montserrat)

Mr Justice Eric Herbert Austin Bishop (St Lucia)

Mr Justice Eardley Fitzgeorge Glasgow (St Kitts and British Virgin Islands) Mr Justice Allan F. L. Louisy

(Antigua)

Mr Justice Neville Peterkin
(St Vincent)

Chief Registrar: E. Wilkinson (resident in Grenada)

INTERIM COMMISSIONER FOR THE WEST INDIES The office was held from its inception by Sir Stephen Luke, KCMG until October 1968, when Mr Claude Hayes assumed the office. Its few remaining functions relate to pensions in respect of service with the former Government of the Federation of the West Indies and to a small residue of federal assets and liabilities.

THE WEST INDIES (ASSOCIATED STATES) COUNCIL

OF MINISTERS

This Council was established on 1st November 1966 in succession to the Regional Council of Ministers. The latter had existed since 1962, having been formed by the Governments of Antigua, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, St Christopher, Nevis and Anguilla, St Lucia and St Vincent, to consider problems of common interest in connection with the proposal to establish a Federation of those territories. The Regional Council of Ministers was wound up when Barbados proceeded to separate independence in November 1966.

The West Indies (Associated States) Council of Ministers comprises the Premiers of the Associated States and the Chief Minister of Montserrat. The Chairman for the first year was the Premier of Antigua, to be followed for a year

at a time by the other members in rotation. The Secretariat is established in St Lucia. The purpose of the Council is to administer such common services and to perform such other functions as may be agreed from time to time.

REGIONAL developMENT AGENCY

The Regional Development Agency was formed in 1968 by the Governments represented on the West Indies (Associated States) Council of Ministers and the Government of Barbados.

Its purposes are to promote within or for the benefit of the participating territories: tourism; the development of industries, agriculture, forestry and fisheries; communications by sea and air; to obtain technical services such as technical education, land use and other surveys, statistical services and training programmes, and market and other research and intelligence services; to carry out development planning and feasibility studies.

The Agency is managed by a Board of Directors, comprised of representatives of the participating governments at ministerial level, assisted by a Regional Development Committee formed of representatives of the participating governments at senior official level. The Secretariat is established in Antigua.

THE CARIBBEAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE

The Caribbean Meteorological Service was established in succession to the West Indies Meteorological Service and embraces Antigua, Barbados, British Honduras, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Monserrat, St Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla, St Lucia, St Vincent and Trinidad and Tobago. Each Government contributes to the cost of a Headquarters Unit based in Trinidad under the direction of the DirectorGeneral. Overall responsibility for the Service is vested in the Caribbean Meteorological Council which consists of a representative from each of the participating Governments. The Council meets at least once every year.

There are main meteorological stations at Palisadoes Airport (Jamaica), Piarco Airport (Trinidad) and at Seawell Airport (Barbados). Supplementary stations are at Pearls Airport (Grenada), Arnos Vale (St Vincent) and Stanley Field (British Honduras). A Regional Institute of Tropical Meteorology has been established in Barbados.

THE CARIBBEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION

(CARIFTA)

This Free Trade Area stems from an agreement signed in December 1965 establishing a Free Trade Association between the Governments of Antigua, Barbados, and British Guiana (now Guyana). Proposals for the extension of this Agreement to other Commonwealth Caribbean territories were approved in October 1967 by a meeting of Commonwealth Caribbean Heads of Government in Barbados. The extended Free Trade Association which has resulted from this now comprises the original three signatories, and in addition, in date order of accession, the Governments of Trinidad and Tobago, Dominica, Grenada, St Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla, St Lucia, St Vincent, Jamaica, and Montserrat.

Under the provisions of the Agreement, tariff-free exchange of a wide range of commodities has been introduced. There are, however, reserved commodities to