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CONTROLLER.

Election and Term.-The same provisions as regard the Treasurer. Salary. By an Act of March 5, 1850, the salary of the Controller was fixed at $8,000; May, 1, 1851, at $5,000; May 11, 1852, at $4,500; April 21, 1856, at $3,500; May 6, 1861, at $4,000; and under the new Constitution at $3,000.

ATTORNEY-GENERAL.

Election and Term.-The same provisions as regard the Treasurer.

Salary. The salary of the Attorney-General has been fixed as follows: By an Act of March 5, 1850, $7,000; May 1, 1851, $1,000; May 11, 1852, $2,000; May 6, 1861, $4,000; by the new Constitution, $3,000.

SURVEYOR-GENERAL.

Election and Term.-The same provisions as regard the Treasurer. Salary. The salary of the Surveyor-General has been fixed as follows: By an Act of March 5, 1850, $7,500; May 1, 1851, $500; May 11, 1852, $2,000, and also $2,000 as Register of the State Land Office. Under the present Constitution the salary is $3,000.

CLERK OF THE SUPREME COURT.

Election and Term.-A law was passed February 14, 1850, establishing the office of Clerk of the Supreme Court and providing that the first incumbent should be elected by the Legislature, that the next Clerk should be elected by the people at the first county election, to be held on the first Monday in April, 1850, to hold office until January 1, 1851. On April 11, 1850, an amendatory law was passed providing for an election of a Clerk at the general election in October, 1850, and every two years thereafter, to take office on January first following each election. On April 28, 1851, a law was passed providing that the Clerk elected in October, 1850, should hold office until January 1, 1853, and that a Clerk should be elected at the general election in 1852, and every two years thereafter, to hold office commencing on the first day of January next after the election. On April 24, 1858, an Act was passed providing that a Clerk should be elected at the general election in 1859, and each second year thereafter, to hold office for two years from the first day of January after his election. On April 22, 1863, an Act was passed providing for the election of the Clerk at the same time as the Governor, and to hold for four years from the first Monday in December after his election. The present Constitution provides that the Legislature shall fix the time for the election of the Clerk, and the Political Code provides that that officer shall be elected at the same time as the Governor, and shall hold office for four years from the first Monday in December next succeeding the election.

Salary. The salary of the Clerk was $4,000 until the adoption of the new Constitution, when it was reduced to $3,000.

STATE PRINTER.

Election and Term.-By an Act passed January 8, 1850, the office of State Printer was created, to be filled and controlled by the Legislature. The term was fixed at two years. The Act of April 11, 1850, provided that the Printer should be elected by the Legislature for the same

term. On April 29, 1852, a law was passed abolishing the office of State Printer, and the Governor and Controller were authorized to let a contract to do the State printing for a period of nine months from May 1, 1852. On May 1, 1854, the office of State Printer was again created, and it was provided that it should be filled by an election by the then Legislature, and that at the general election in 1855, and every two years thereafter, that officer should be elected by the people. On April 22, 1863, provision was made for the election of the Printer by the people at the same time as the Governor, and for a term of four years from the first Monday in December after the election. On March 26, 1872, the office of Superintendent of State Printing was created, and that law took effect at the expiration of the term of the then State Printer. The appointment was to be made by the Governor on or before the first Monday in September, 1875, and no term of office was specified. That law is still in force.

Salary. Originally the compensation of the State Printer was governed by the amount of work performed, but under the law creating the office of Superintendent the salary was fixed at $3,000. On March 30, 1874, it was reduced to $2,400, and on March 9, 1885, it was increased again to $3,000.

SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT.

Election and Term.-The original Constitution directed the Legislature to provide for the election by the people of a Superintendent of Public Instruction, to hold office for three years. On April 11, 1850, an Act was passed providing for the election of the Superintendent at the general election in 1850, and every third year thereafter. By an Act passed May 1, 1851, it was provided that at the general election in 1853 the people should elect a Superintendent for the constitutional term, and that the Superintendent who had been elected in 1850, should hold to January 1, 1854, and thereafter the term should be three years from the first day of January next after the election. The constitutional amendments of 1862 provided that the Superintendent should be elected at a special election at which only judicial and school officers should be elected, and that the date of the election should be designated by the Legislature of 1863. The term of office was fixed at four years from the first day of December next after the election. On March 21, 1863, a law was passed providing that such special election should be held on the third Wednesday in October, 1863, and every second year thereafter. The present Constitution provides that the Superintendent shall be elected at the same time as the Governor, and shall take office on the first Monday after the first day of January next. succeeding the election.

Salary-On May 11, 1852, the salary of the School Superintendent was fixed at $4,500, to be paid from the commencement of the term of office then existing. On April 25, 1856, it was fixed at $3,500, and on May 6, 1861, it was reduced to $3,000, and the salary has not since been changed. The following is a list of the principal Executive State officers, from the organization of the government:

GOVERNORS.

PETER H. BURNETT, elected November 13, 1849; inaugurated December 20, 1849; resigned January 8, 1851.

JOHN MCDOUGAL (Lieutenant-Governor), inaugurated January 9, 1851. Died at San Francisco, March 30, 1866.

JOHN BIGLER, elected September 3, 1851; inaugurated January 8, 1852; reëlected September 7, 1853; inaugurated January 7, 1854. Died at Sacramento, November 29, 1871.

J. NEELY JOHNSON, elected September 5, 1855; inaugurated January 9, 1856. Died at Salt Lake, August 31, 1872.

JOHN B. WELLER, elected September 2, 1857; inaugurated January 8, 1858. Died at New Orleans, August 17, 1875.

MILTON S. LATHAM, elected September 7, 1859; inaugurated January 9, 1860; resigned January 11, 1860. Died at New York, March 4, 1882. JOHN G. DOWNEY (Lieutenant-Governor), inaugurated January 14, 1860. LELAND STANFORD, elected September 4, 1861; inaugurated January 10, 1862.

10,

FREDERICK F. Low, elected September 2, 1863; inaugurated December 1863.

HENRY H. HAIGHT, elected September 4, 1867; inaugurated December 5, 1867. Died at San Francisco, September 2, 1878.

NEWTON BOOTH, elected September 6, 1871; inaugurated December 8, 1871; resigned February 27, 1875.

ROMUALDO PACHECO (Lieutenant-Governor), inaugurated February 27,

1875.

WILLIAM IRWIN, elected September 1, 1875; inaugurated December 9, 1875. Died at San Francisco, March 15, 1886.

GEORGE C. PERKINS, elected September 3, 1879; inaugurated January 8, 1880.

GEORGE STONEMAN, elected November 7, 1882; inaugurated January 10, 1883.

WASHINGTON BARTLETT, elected November 2, 1886; inaugurated January 8, 1887. Died in office at Oakland, September 12, 1887.

R. W. WATERMAN (Lieutenant-Governor), inaugurated September 13, 1887.

LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS.

JOHN MCDOUGAL, elected November 13, 1849; inaugurated December 20, 1849. Became Governor.

DAVID C. BRODERICK, elected President of the Senate, January 9, 1851; inaugurated January 9, 1851. Died at San Francisco, September 16, 1859. SAMUEL PURDY, elected September 3, 1851; inaugurated January 8, 1852; reëlected September 7, 1853; inaugurated February 7, 1854. Died at San Francisco February 17, 1882.

R. M. ANDERSON, elected September 5, 1855; inaugurated January 9, 1856. Died at Swan Lake, Arkansas, March 24, 1872.

JOSEPH WALKUP, elected September 2, 1857; inaugurated January 8, 1858. Died at Auburn October 15, 1873.

JOHN G. DOWNEY, elected September 7, 1859; inaugurated January 9, 1860. Became Governor.

I. N. QUINN, elected President of the Senate January 20, 1860, and became Lieutenant-Governor on that day. Died at San Rafael June 26, 1865.

PABLO DE LA GUERRA, elected President of the Senate January 7, 1861, and became Lieutenant-Governor on that day. Died at Santa Barbara February 5, 1874.

J. F. CHELLIS, elected September 4, 1861; inaugurated January 10, 1862. Died in Oregon September 17, 1883.

T. N. MACHIN, elected September 2, 1863; inaugurated December 10, 1863.

WILLIAM HOLDEN, elected September 4, 1867; inaugurated December 5, 1867. Died at Healdsburg June 3, 1884.

ROMUALDO PACHECO, elected September 6, 1871; inaugurated December 8, 1871. Became Governor.

WILLIAM IRWIN, President of the Senate, became Lieutenant-Governor February 27, 1875. Afterwards elected Governor.

JAMES A. JOHNSON, elected September 1, 1875; inaugurated December 9, 1875.

JOHN MANSFIELD, elected September 3, 1879; inaugurated January 8, 1880.

JOHN DAGGETT, elected November 7, 1882; inaugurated January 10, 1883.

R. W. WATERMAN, elected November 2, 1886; inaugurated January 8, 1887. Became Governor.

STEPHEN M. WHITE, elected President pro tem. of the Senate January 5, 1887; became Lieutenant-Governor September 12, 1887.

SECRETARIES OF STATE.

WILLIAM VAN VOORHIES, appointed by Governor Burnett December 20, 1849; reappointed by Governor Bigler January 9, 1852; resigned February 19, 1853. Died at Eureka, California, September 6, 1884.

JAMES W. DENVER, appointed by Governor Bigler February 19, 1853; reappointed by Governor Bigler January 9, 1854; resigned November 1, 1855.

CHARLES H. HEMPSTEAD, appointed by Governor Bigler November 5, 1855. Died at Salt Lake September 28, 1879.

DAVID F. DOUGLASS, appointed by Governor Johnson January 10, 1856. Died in San Joaquin County June 16, 1872.

FERRIS FORMAN, appointed by Governor Weller January 9, 1858.

JOHNSON PRICE, appointed by Governor Latham January 10, 1860. Died at San Francisco February 8, 1868.

WILLIAM H. WEEKS, appointed by Governor Stanford January 11, 1862; died in office August 16, 1863.

A. A. H. TUTTLE, appointed by Governor Stanford August 17, 1863. Died at Donner Lake September 7, 1866.

B. B. REDDING, elected September 2, 1863; took office December 7, 1863. Died at San Francisco August 21, 1882.

H. L. NICHOLS, elected September 4, 1867; took office December 2, 1867. DRURY MELONE, elected September 6, 1871; took office December 4, 1871.

THOMAS BECK, elected September 1, 1875; took office December 6, 1875. DANIEL M. BURNS, elected September 3, 1879; took office January 5, 1880.

THOMAS L. THOMPSON, elected November 7, 1882; took office January 1, 1883.

W. C. HENDRICKS, elected November 2, 1886; took office January 3, 1887.

TREASURERS.

RICHARD ROMAN, elected by the Legislature December 22, 1849, and took office that day; elected by the people September 3, 1851; took office January 5, 1852.

S. A. McMEANS, elected September 7, 1853; took office January 2, 1854. Died at Reno July 31, 1876.

HENRY BATES, elected September 5, 1855; took office January 7, 1856; resigned February 11, 1857. Died at San Francisco November 18, 1862. JAMES L. ENGLISH, appointed by Governor Johnson February 13, 1857; elected by the people to fill the vacancy September 2, 1857.

THOMAS FINDLEY, elected for full term September 2, 1857; took office January 4, 1858; reëlected September 7, 1859; took office January 2, 1860. Died at Georgetown, El Dorado County, September 19, 1888.

D. R. ASHLEY, elected September 4, 1861; took office January 6, 1862; resigned October 5, 1863. Died at San Francisco July 18, 1873.

ROMUALDO PACHECO, appointed by Governor Stanford October 10, 1863; elected by the people September 2, 1863; took office December 5, 1863. ANTONIO F. CORONEL, elected September 4, 1867; took office December 7, 1867.

FERDINAND BAEHR, elected September 6, 1871; took office December 2,

1871.

JOSÉ G. ESTUDILLO, elected September 1, 1875; took office December 4, 1875.

JOHN WEIL, elected September 3, 1879; took office January 5, 1880. WILLIAM A. JANUARY, elected November 7, 1882; took office January 1, 1883; resigned December 24, 1884.

D. J. OULLAHAN, appointed by Governor Stoneman December 24, 1884, and took office on the same day.

ADAM HEROLD, elected November 2, 1886; took office January 3, 1887.

CONTROLLERS.

JOHN S. HOUSTON, elected by the Legislature December 22, 1849, and took office the same day.

WINSLOW S. PIERCE, elected September 3, 1851; took office January 5, 1852. Died at Brooklyn, New York, July 29, 1888.

SAMUEL BELL, elected September 7, 1853; took office January 2, 1854. GEORGE W. WHITMAN, elected September 5, 1855; took office January 7, 1856; on February 13, 1857, a resolution was passed by the Assembly impeaching Whitman for misdemeanor in office, and on the twenty-fourth, articles of impeachment were reported by a committee; the Senate on March ninth convened as a high Court of impeachment, and on April twenty-first Whitman was acquitted; Governor Johnson had, on February twenty-fifth, appointed Edward F. Burton Controller, and he performed the duties of the office until the acquittal of Whitman.

At the election held September 2, 1857, James W. Mandeville was elected Controller, but he did not qualify, having been appointed United States Surveyor-General for California a few days before the election; on January 21, 1858, Governor Weller nominated Šamuel H. Brooks for the office, but the Senate refused to confirm, and on the twenty-seventh the Governor withdrew the nomination, explaining that it "had been made under a misapprehension of some material facts." On February fourth the Governor nominated Aaron R. Meloney for the office, and the Senate confirmed. Afterward, on April twenty-sixth, because doubts had been expressed in regard to the regularity of the appointment, the Governor again nominated Meloney, and he was again confirmed. Whitman refused to surrender the office, claiming that he was entitled to hold until his successor should be elected and should qualify, and that as Mandeville had been elected, the Governor had no right to appoint. The matter was taken to the Supreme Court, and a final decision was rendered in Meloney's favor at the July term, 1858.

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