shaw, 1885-86; Rev. Henry L. Hubbell, D. D., 1886–1889; Rev. Wm. M. Brown, 1889-1894; Rev. W. S. Goss, A. B., 1894-1896, and Rev. Marshall R. Gaines, A. M., incumbent of the office, who was chosen principal in 1896.

A new charter has been recently granted changing the name of the school to "Tillotson College."

WILEY UNIVERSITY.

This institution was founded by the Freedmen's Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1873 and for ten or twelve years was the only negro school of any importance in Texas. It was named in honor of Bishop Isaac W. Wiley, and is the outgrowth of patient selfsacrificing labor on the part of ministers and missionaries of the church. Closely allied with its early growth and development were Revs. C. F. Moore, W. L. Malloy, W. H. Davis (the first president of the school), Prof. Breece Jackson, Miss Perkins, Hon. Edmund Brown, N. D. Clifford (third president), Rev. Walter Ripetoe, Mr. C. C. Pemberton, and many others. During the past twenty-five years over 2,000 students have been enrolled in the university. The names of the presidents in the order of their service are: Rev. W. H. Davis, Rev. N. D. Clifford, Rev. George Whittaker, Rev. P. A. Cool, Rev. J. B. Scott, and Rev. M. W. Dogan. The school property, consisting of 60 acres and 11 buildings, is valued at $40,000. The school, it is stated, is for the "education of young people of all races and sexes." The enrollment the past session reached 402, the highest number in the history of the university. The institution is located at Marshall, in one of the densest negro-populated sections of the State.

SAM HUSTON COLLEGE, AUSTIN.

The founding of this institution was in contemplation as far back as 1878 by Mr. Samuel Huston, of Ohio, after whom the college is named, as one of its most active promoters. The foundations, which were built many years ago, long remained untouched for want of additional means, and it was not till last year, 1898, that the present corner stone was laid, on account of the first one having been stolen for the sake of some valuables which were deposited in it. The new services were conducted under the auspices of a delegation from the Freedmen's Aid and Southern Education Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, which has contributed $25,000 to complete the college building. It is to be borne in mind that it is the Sam Huston, not "Sam Houston" College, as one of the speakers at the late ceremonies made the mistake of calling it, supposing it was named in honor of Gen. Sam Houston, of Texas. The building as now being erected will be quite a large and handsome stone edifice.

PAUL QUINN COLLEGE, WACO.

This college was founded under the direction of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, and chartered in 1881. It has an attendance of from 150 to 200 students. H. T. Kealing was the first and is still the president of the college. Value of property, $60,000.

OTHER NEGRO SCHOOLS.

There are some other colored schools of which the writer failed to get notice among them, Hearne Academy, at Hearne.

Chapter V.

THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS.

ORIGIN AND HISTORY.

The University of Texas is a coeducational institution, with its recognized domicile at Austin, the capital of the State. The department of medicine, otherwise known as the medical college, is at Galveston; and a specially constituted branch of the university, the Agricultural and Mechanical College, is at Bryan. The buildings of the parent establishment, known as the main university, are erected on an eminence of 40 acres of ground gradually rising to about the same elevation as the statehouse, which stands in near view to the south. The site, which is particularly imposing toward the city, is about 700 feet above sea level and was designated under an act of the Third Congress of the Republic of Texas in 1839, "providing for the election of five commissioners to select a site for the location of the seat of government, to be named the city of Austin, and for an agent to have said site purchased or condemned for the use of the State, and to have it laid off into lots and sold; and further, before the sale to set apart a sufficient number of the most eligible for a capitol, arsenal, magazine, university, academy, church, common schools, hospital, penitentiary, and all other necessary public buildings and purposes." The part eventually set aside for the university is said to have been indicated by General Lamar, who was president of the Texas Republic, and had personally assisted in selecting the capitol grounds. It was at the time covered with groves of magnificent live oaks, and remained unoccupied for some forty years, during which period it was known as "College Hill." It was eventually despoiled of most of its grand forest growth by an army engineer, who had several hundred of the trees cut away as obstructions to his plans for defending the city.

ELEMENTARY AND HIGHER EDUCATION.

As early as 1836 it was provided in the constitution of the Republic of Texas that "It shall be the duty of Congress, as soon as circumstances will permit, to provide by law a general system of public education;"