history, (5) the usual natural sciences, (6) mental and moral philosophy, evidences of Christianity, logic, and political economy. In 1853 Thucydides and dipus Tyrannus were added to the Greek, calculus to the mathematics, and courses in Spanish, French, and German were made a part of the regular work. In 1855 a scientific course was provided which included the full courses in mathematics, natural science, history, English, and one modern language. Students completing this course received the degree Ph. B. Previous to this the courses in history and English had been extended slightly. Elements of criticism and English literature were added to the course in 1859. There were few changes made from 1859 to 1891. The scientific course was changed so as to require a year and a half in Latin and ten months more of science than was required in the classical course. In 1891 the degree Ph. B. was changed to B. S., and the following year Virgil and Cicero were added to the Latin of this course, and a second modern language requiring two years' work was also added. Prior to 1893 the young ladies had not been required to take junior and senior mathematics, nor had they been required to take Greek. Their course was then made identical with that of the young men. However, they were allowed to elect, within prescribed limits, certain other studies instead of analytics, calculus, and Greek. In 1893 a course in English, leading to the B. L. degree, was adopted. Several times there have been periods when military instruction has been given either by some member of the faculty or by cadets selected from the students themselves. Theological lectures for ministerial students have been given at irregular periods during most of the time since the organization of the school. Music, elocution, and art have been part of the regular work of the school most of the time. For many years there was a commercial department in connection with the university, but this was dropped in 1893. At present the academic work of the university is embraced in three courses the "Classical," the "Scientific," and the "English." Freshman year....... Sophomore year.. Junior year.... Senior year.............. Classical course (A. B.). Fall term. Algebra (5), Virgil (5), Xenophon (5), Analytics (5), Horace (Satires) (3), Spring term. Geometry (3). Cicero (5), Lysias (5), Calculus (5), Juvenal and Tacitus (3), Astronomy (2), intellectual philosophy (5), political economy (3), English (5). The scientific course (B. S.) is substantially as above, except that no Greek is required and Latin only through the freshman year. Instead of these is required two years of German and two years of French or Spanish. Five hours in chemistry is added to the sophomore fall term, and two hours in biology to the junior spring term. In the English course (B. L.) no Greek or Latin is required, no physics beyond the freshman, and no mathematics beyond the sophomore year. For the languages are required German and French or Spanish, as in the scientific course. There are added in this course two years in history and one year each in Old English, history of philosophy, and criticism. Besides the above courses the university maintains a department of elocution and oratory, a conservatory of music, an art department, a Bible department, and a military department. The military department is under the charge of an officer detailed from the United States Army. A tree is known by its fruits. As class-room education is but a means to an end, institutions of learning must be graded, on a last analysis, by the matured character and practical success of its students. Tried by this test, Baylor University obtains her highest rank. It is the most notable fact of her history that her students, both alumni and undergraduates, have become influential men and women, telling largely on both private and public life, in Texas. To cite names of her preachers would be largely like calling the roll of the illustrious. dead as to the fallen, and of pastors, evangelists, and missionaries as to the living. Her daughters have beautified and glorified too many homes for special mention. In medicine, law, agriculture, banking, and stock interests, many honorable names could be cited. Perhaps in the department of legislation and jurisprudence we might, as examples of what could be given in other departments, specify a few names: L. S. Ross, governor of Texas and president of the Agricultural and Mechanical College; J. W. Jeffries, lieutenantgovernor of Louisiana; L. L. Foster, speaker of the Texas house and railroad commissioner; John D. McCall, comptroller of Texas; Chilly McIntosh, Charles Grayson, and J. W. Smith, supreme counsellors, Indian Territory; Thomas J. Goree, superintendent of penitentiaries of Texas; Thomas J. Brown, jurist, legislator, and historian; J. N. Henderson, of court of appeals; W. B. Denson, R. T. Wheeler, C. R. Breedlove, J. E. and W. P. McCombe, J. C. and W. H. Jenkins, W. K. Homan, T. S. Henderson, J. S. Perry. Among the teachers may be cited James L. Smith, president of Salado College; Reddin Andrews, president of Baylor University; W. H. Long, president of Greenville College. BAYLOR FEMALE COLLEGE. This college is an outcome of Baylor University, which was chartered by the Republic of Texas February 1, 1845, as a coeducational school, comprising both male and female departments in the same courses of instruction, but was divided in September, 1866, the female department being chartered as Baylor Female College, and both schools, though entirely separated by the change and under different management, retaining the name Baylor. The principal movers in founding the institution were Rev. W. M. Tryon and Judge R. E. B. Baylor. It was first located at Independence, in Washington County, Tex., and was moved in 1886 to Belton. The present property of the college is estimated, in buildings and grounds, furniture and fixtures, at $175,000. The usual attendance of students is 250 to 300. The first president of Baylor College was Rev. Horace Clark, LL. D. The others who followed in succession were B. S. Fitzgerald, A. M.; Rev. H. L. Graves, D. D.; Col. W. W. Fontaine, A. M.; Rev. W. M. Royal, D. D.; Rev. John H. Luther, D. D.; P. H. Eager, A. M.; E. H. Wells, A. M., M. D., and W. A. Wilson, A. M. The college is of high literary grade, with exceptionally fine schools of art and music. The main building is a splendid structure of cut stone and modern style of architecture and conveniences. There are thirteen schools and departments of instruction. HOWARD PAYNE COLLEGE. This college was founded at Brownwood by the Baptists of Pecan Valley Association under the leadership of Dr. J. D. Robnett in the year 1890. The first session opened about the middle of September, 1890, with A. J. Emerson, A. M., D. D., as president. Dr. Emerson was a graduate of Wake Forest College, and just previous to his coming to Howard Payne College had served seventeen years as professor of English in William Jewell College, Liberty, Mo. In the spring of 1893 Dr. Emerson resigned, and Dr. J. D. Robnett, the real founder of the college, was elected president. He served in the double capacity of president and financial agent until the spring of 1895, when he resigned to accept the pastorate of the Washington Avenue Baptist Church, Dallas, Tex. J. H. Grove, A. M., M. S. D., was then elected president, and has served in that capacity from February, 1895, to the present time. The most encouraging supporter of Dr. Robnett in the work of building the college was J. J. Ramey, who, besides contributing about $5,000 himself, did not hesitate to sign the bonds with Dr. Robnett to raise the money for carrying forward the work. Others who have stood faithfully by the institution from the beginning, and who have |