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included the sum of 3000 dollars from the American Bible Society for the printing and circulation of the Scriptures, and 2200 from the American Tract Society for the publication of tracts. It has the following missions:

Sabathu, Saharunpur, Allahabad, and Futtegurh, no fewer than fifteen ordained missionaries, most of whom are married, one printer, three teachers, one physician, and one catechist, all Americans, besides two native catechists, and one native assistant. This mission has been remarkably successful, considering how lately it was commenced. Schools have been established at the different stations, and a considerable number of publications, including parts of the Bible, have been issued in the Hindustani, Persian, Panjabi or Gurmukhi, and Hindi languages. To this, preaching CHIPPEWA AND OTTAWA TRIBES. One in the native languages at the different missionary and a teacher, with their wives, stations is now added, and in English, also, are labouring with considerable and en- at one or inore of these, for the benefit of couraging success among these two tribes, the British officers and other foreign resiwhich are still in the western part of Mich-dents, some of whom, we rejoice to say, igan, not having been yet removed to the west of the Mississippi.

Iowa, or SAC INDIANS in the Indian territory westward of the Missouri. Here it employs a minister, a teacher, and a farmer, and their wives, with an encouraging prospect of good being done by preaching, and still more by schools. Intemperance is found the greatest bar to the progress of the Gospel among the Indians.

have shown much kindness to the missionaries, and have liberally contributed to the support of the schools.

The missionaries in this quarter have lately formed themselves into three Presbyteries, and these have been organized as the Synod of Northern India by the General Assembly in America, to which it is sub

CREEK INDIANS.-These form a powerful tribe of above 21,000 souls, in the Indian territory to the west of the States of Arkansas and Missouri. Until of late, they have been averse to receiving missionaries, but the Board has now taken measures, with the consent of their chiefs, for sus-ordinate. taining a mission among them, and a min- The Board takes a deep interest in China, ister, with his wife, have entered upon their work.

TEXAS.-One missionary and his wife have been stationed on the western border of Texas, but as this mission is intended for the benefit of Mexico, they remain where they are only until the door is opened for their admission into the latter country.

WESTERN AFRICA.-The Board has four missionaries, with their wives, and one coloured female teacher, sent from the United States, and two male native teachers, at Cape Palmas, the site of a colony of coloured people from America. The mission bids fair to be eminently useful.

and looks forward to the day when the truth may find an effectual entrance into that populous empire. It has, at a great expense, had 3326 matrices made in Paris for the casting of as many different types, which, by their combinations, can produce above 14,000 different characters: a number, according to the report for 1841, amply sufficient for missionary purposes. Hence it would seem that the question, how far the Chinese language may be printed with movable type, is about to be resolved by this Board; and it is a striking fact, that solely to its liberality the ingenious French printer, M. Marcellin-Legrand, under the direction of M. Ponthieu, who discovered

Walter Lowrie, Esq., Secretary to the Board, and himself an excellent Chinese scholar, owes his having been enabled to make so much progress in preparing a complete fount of type in that important but difficult tongue.

THE CHINESE. This mission was at first established at Singapore. Two mission-this method of printing Chinese, and of aries, one of whom is married, and a physician and his wife, were employed in preaching and in the education of youth among the Chinese, who either permanently reside at that port or occasionally visit it. But now that the door is open for the entrance of the Gospel into that great empire, the Board has lost no time in turning their attention to it. Last year they sent two ordained ministers, one physician, and one teacher to this important field.

SIAM.-In this kingdom the Board maintains one missionary and his wife, who are preparing themselves for their future work by acquiring the language of the country, and making themselves useful, in the mean time, by an abundant distribution of portions of the Holy Scriptures and Tracts.

NORTHERN INDIA.-Here it is that the Board has its most extensive missions, having at its different stations at Lodiana,

The Board is annually appointed by the General Assembly, and to that body it makes its report. The business, however, is mainly conducted by a very efficient committee subject to its supervision, and through this committee as its organ it issues a monthly publication, called The Foreign Missionary Chronicle, presenting not only full accounts of its own missions, but summaries also of what is done by other missionary societies. From 5000 to 6000 copies of this valuable periodical are circulated through the churches.

The Board has now under its direction, sent out by the Church that appoints it,

more than seventy labourers at foreign stations, of whom twenty-eight are ministers of the Gospel. It has, besides, eight native assistants, some of whom are learned persons, and all of them hopefully pious, and in different stages of trial and preparation for labouring among their benighted fellow-countrymen. Through the stations occupied by these missionaries, the Presbyterian Church is brought into contact with five different heathen nations, estimated to comprise two thirds of the whole human race.

CHAPTER V.

support. Meanwhile, Mr. Judson withdrew into the Burmese territory, and there commenced a mission which has been signally blessed. The society, which they were the means of originating, is now a great institution, with no fewer than nineteen missions in various parts of the world. How wonderful are the ways of God! „bringing good from what seems to man, for a time at least, to be evil. Had not the two missionaries become Baptists, where would have been the blessed mission to Burmah, and how many years might have elapsed before the American Baptists entered on the prosecution of foreign missions? And had not the Governor-general of India excluded American missionaries from Bengal, where would have been the promising THE operations of this Board now ex-American missions in Ceylon, in the southtend over thirty years. It was first con-ern part of Hindostan, and on the western stituted in 1814, by the Baptist General side of the Indian Peninsula? Convention for Foreign Missions, which Such was the origin of the Baptist Board meets triennially, and is, in fact, a mission-of Foreign Missions; let us now glance at ary society. To it the Board makes a its various enterprises as reported for 1843. regular Report of its proceedings. MISSIONS IN NORTH AMERICA.-These are This association has from small begin- eight in number, and embrace the follownings advanced from year to year in re-ing tribes: the Ojibwas, Ottawas, Oneidas, sources and efficiency, until, through God's blessing, it embraces all the four great continents within the sphere of its operations. These have been conducted with singular wisdom, zeal, and perseverance, and have been crowned with remarkable success.

MISSIONARY BOARD OF THE BAPTIST CHURCHES.

Its history shows how wonderfully God, in his providence, orders and overrules events while enlisting new agencies for the accomplishment of his purposes. In 1812, the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, a Pædobaptist society, sent several missionaries to Bengal. On their voyage thither, two of these, the Rev. Messrs. Judson and Rice and their wives, changed their views and became Baptists; an event that not only gave much distress to the other members of the mission, but produced, perhaps, for a time, other feelings besides disappointment in the minds of the members of the Board that had sent them out. On their arrival, they found that the British East India Company would not permit them to labour within its territories; so that after a few weeks' stay they had to leave Calcutta. Messrs. Judson and Rice, however, with their wives, were received with great kindness by the excellent Dr. Carey and his associates, Baptist missionaries from England, settled at Serampore, a small Danish possession not many miles above Calcutta. There was no Baptist Foreign Missionary Society at that time in the United States, but as Messrs. Judson and Rice had become Baptists, were now in India, and wished to remain and preach the Gospel there to the heathen, their case drew the attention of the Baptist churches in America, and a society was organized for their

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and Tuscaroras, Otoes, Shawanoes, and others, Cherokees, Creeks, and Choctas, the last three residing on the Indian Territory. Among these various tribes the Board has eighteen stations and out-stations, thirty-two American missionaries and assistants, and eight Indian assistants.

IN EUROPE.-In France, the Board has seven stations and six out-stations, one missionary and his wife, and ten native preachers and assistants. In Germany and Denmark it has nine stations, and thirteen native preachers and assistants. In Greece, two stations, two preachers, three female assistants, and one native assistant.

IN WEST AFRICA, the Board has two stations, three preachers, one printer, one female assistant, one native assistant, and fifteen churches among the Bassas, a native tribe near the colony of Liberia.

In ASIA, the Board has missions among the Karens on the borders of Burmah, in Siam, in China, in Arracan, in Assam, and at Madras and Nellore and British India. These, forming eight distinct missions, comprehended in 1843 thirty-five stations and out-stations, fifty-six missionaries and assistant missionaries, and about seventy native assistants.

The total numbers, including all the missions, were, according to the Report for 1843, as follows:

19 Missions.

80 Stations and out-stations.

103 Missionaries and assistant missionaries (Amer-
cans), of whom 44 are ordained.
115 Native preachers and assistants.
77 Churches, comprehending more than 2000 mem-
bers.

898 Baptisms in the course of the year reported on. 4000 Members in native churches.

The receipts for that year had amounted bouring within or beyond the western to 47,151 dollars, and the disbursements to frontier of the United States among the 55,138 dollars. In addition to its regular following tribes, or remnants of tribes: the receipts, the Board had received 6000 dol- Wyandots, Oneidas, Shawnees, Delawares, lars from the American and Foreign Bible Kickapoos, Pottawottamies, Chippewas, Society for the publication of the Scrip- Choctas, Cherokees, &c., &c. The Retures; 2200 dollars from the American port for that year states the Indian memTract Society for the publication of Tracts; bers of the mission churches gathered from and 4400 dollars from the United States these tribes to have amounted to 3851. Government towards the support of schools among the Indians.*

This brief notice will give the reader some idea of this excellent society's operations, and of the good that it is doing. A detailed account of its missions, particularly of those among the Burmans and the Karens, would be interesting, but would far exceed the limits of this work. It is delightful to see how much interest in the cause of missions has sprung up in this numerous and important branch of the Church in the United States. May God grant that it and every other may soon come up to the full measure of their ability and duty in this great work.

Let me add, in conclusion, that the Missionary Magazine, an able and interesting monthly publication, has long been the organ of the Society, and has a wide circulation among the Baptist denomination.

CHAPTER VI.

FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE METHODIST EPISCO

PAL CHURCH.

TEXAS MISSION.-The Society had no fewer than thirty-six missionaries stationed in the Republic of Texas in 1843; these had laboured with much success; and they now form an Annual Conference, which, by conducting its own affairs, will probably do away with the necessity of having any independent mission in that country. This conference comprehends three Presiding Elders' districts, thirty-six travelling ministers, forty local preachers, 3698 members, of whom 536 are coloured people. A college, also, has been established under its auspices.

LIBERIA MISSION, at and in the vicinity of the American colony on the west coast of Africa, was commenced in 1833 by the late Rev. Melville B. Cox, an excellent man, who fell a victim to the climate a few months after his arrival. With his dying breath he exclaimed, “Though a thousand fall, Africa must not be given up." He was succeeded by others, and they, too, sank under a climate so fatal to white men. At length the Rev. John Seys was sent out, and he, through God's blessing, has been preserved to this day. He was greatly successful in putting the affairs of the mission in order, and superintending the labours of coloured preachers from the United States, the Society having to de

succeeded by the Rev. Mr. Chase. The mission now includes an Annual Conference, consisting of twenty preachers, all coloured, with the exception of the superintendent and one other.

THE Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church was formed in 1819, under the auspices of the General Conference, but for many years its efforts were chiefly directed to domestic missions, in-pend chiefly on these. Last year he was cluding those to the slaves in the Southern States, and to the aboriginal tribes within, or adjacent to, the western frontier of the United States. It afterward directed its attention to the colonies of free coloured Americans on the Western coast of Africa, and, at a still later period, it established missions on the territory to the west of the Oregon Mountains, and at some important points in South America. The German immigrants found swarming in our principal cities, at the same time engaged much of its attention. Its efforts in behalf of these and of the slaves, as properly falling under the head of home missions, we have already noticed, and will now give some account of what are, properly speaking, its foreign missions.

NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS.-The Society in 1843 had twenty-five missionaries la

* After the account for the year was closed, $2000 additional were received from the American and Foreign Bible Society, and an equal sum from the American Tract Society. To this must be added £500 from the Committee of the English Baptist Missionary Society, as an expression of fraternal interest.

Of the church members, about 900 in all, 150 are native Africans, who, within the last four years, were worshipping gods of wood, stone, leather, anything, in short, that their imagination could fashion into a god!

SOUTH AMERICAN MISSION.-In 1841 the Society had five missionaries at Rio Janeiro, Monte Video, and Buenos Ayres, labouring, not unsuccessfully, to introduce the Gospel to those cities, now so ignorant of the truth. These worthy men, however, the pressure of the times obliged the Society to recall. Within a few months the Society has resumed its labours at Buenos Ayres, and their faithful missionary is at his post again.

its success this has been one of the most OREGON MISSION.-Both in its origin and remarkable of all the missions of the American Churches. About the year 1828, the

CHAPTER VII.

BOARD OF MISSIONS OF THE PROTESTANT EPIS-
COPAL CHURCH.

THIS Board was constituted in 1835. Its domestic operations we have noticed in another place, and have now to speak of its foreign missions, which extend to various parts of the world.

WESTERN AFRICA.-It has a very flourishing mission at Cape Palmas, and at two or three stations a few miles distant in the

tribe of Indians called Flat Heads, living to the west of the Oregon Mountains, prompted, probably, by what they had seen and heard of the Christian religion among the trappers of the American and Hudson's Bay Fur Companies, sent some of their chiefs into the United States to inquire as to the various forms of religious worship observed here, and to decide upon which to recommend. After a long and painful journey they reached St. Louis, and stated the object of their coming to the late General Clarke,* then Govern-interior. In 1843 it comprised five ordainment Agent for Indian Affairs in that district, by whom it was communicated to the ministers of the Gospel in the place. A great sensation was naturally produced. The Methodist Missionary Society was the first that took the matter up, and, desiring to act with prudence, sent two judicious and experienced persons across the Oregon Mountains to visit the Indians, ascertain their present position, and choose a proper situation for a mission. On their arrival they found the way wonderfully prepared by the Lord's providential dispensations, so that after their return, a mission on a large scale left New-York for the Oregon country. After a journey of some months it reached the place of its destination, and was welcomed by the Indians and the Agents of the Hudson's Bay Company stationed in that region.

ed ministers, together with three white and ten coloured teachers and assistants. The place has been well chosen, for Cape Palmas is one of the healthiest spots on that notoriously unhealthy coast. Several American ladies have resided there in the enjoyment of good health for some years. Attached to the mission there are several schools, partly for the colonists, partly for the natives, and attended by above 100 scholars, youths and adults. The preaching of the missionaries is well attended, and has been blessed to the salvation of souls.

CHINA.-The Board has commenced a mission under favourable auspices in China.. It has one labourer on this field, and is about to send others.

GREECE.-The Board has a mission at Athens. There the Rev. Mr. Hill, with his This mission, which from the first has wife (who is a remarkably efficient perbeen remarkably blessed, consisted, in son), are stationed, and several American 1841, of no fewer than sixty-eight persons, ladies as teachers, besides whom there are including teachers, farmers, mechanics of about twelve native teachers. Mr. Hill all kinds, women, and children, all, of has been very successful in raising and course, connected with the society. It is supporting schools for infants, for boys designed, in fact, to be in a great measure and for girls, attended by about 800 schola self-supporting mission. Its object part-ars. He preaches, also, on the Sabbath ly is, by exhibiting the advantages of civ- and other occasions, in Greek, to a conilization, to induce the Indians to engage gregation of young and old. Yet, owing in tillage, and to adopt the other arts and to the perpetual jealousy of the Greek clerusages of civilized life, in all which the gy, and their influence with the governmission has succeeded much beyond ex-ment, the missionaries find themselves expectation. Its spiritual success was still posed to many difficulties. more remarkable, for the Indian converts amounted, two years ago, to no fewer than 1000. The mission, upon the whole, is an experiment of the most interesting kind.

The total number of this society's foreign missionaries amounted in 1843 to 115, of whom probably eighty were ordained. The number of members in the mission churches was 8936. Its total income for that year was $109,452; its disbursements $145,035, of which probably 90,000 were for home, and 55,035 for foreign missions.†

* The name of this gentleman is well known in connexion with that of the late Governor Lewis, from the Exploring Tour they made in company across the Oregon Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, during Mr. Jefferson's presidency.

It is probable that I have not apportioned with

CRETE. In this island, also, there is a mission conducted by one ordained missionary, assisted by his wife and one or two natives engaged as teachers. This mission has succeeded as well as its friends and projectors had hoped.

MISSION IN THE EAST.-The Board sustained a mission for some years at Constantinople. But it seems probable that it will be removed to Mardin or Mosul, in order to reach more effectually the Syrian churches, in whose behalf the Society has taken much interest. The Rev. Mr. South

perfect exactness the disbursements of the Society. The Report does not separate the domestic from the foreign expenditures. The whole number of missionaries, domestic and foreign, employed by the Society in 1843, was 325, ordained and unordained, and the members in the churches gathered were 39,684.

gate, who has travelled much in Asia Mi- | at monthly prayer-meetings. The Rev. Lunor and the adjacent parts of the East, ther Palmer, of Norwalk, Ohio, a Free-Will and has given the results of his observa- Baptist pastor, some time ago gave himselfTMTM tions in his interesting journals, is the So- and all his property, valued at $5000, to the ciety's missionary in this field. Two oth- Society, wishing the latter to be applied to ers have been appointed to join him. the support of the press in India. Such liberality reminds us of Pentecostal days. The receipts of the Society were, in 1843, $3502; its expenditures were $2679.

TEXAS.-In this Republic the Board last year employed three missionaries, who were labouring with some success at Houston, Matagorda, and Galveston.

FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF THE LUTHERAN CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES.This society, which dates from 1837, origi- ́ nated in an appeal from the German missionaries in India, Mr. Rhenius and his associates, to their brethren in the United States, for the assistance they required in consequence of their separation from the Church Missionary Society of England, on account of certain of its views and measures which they disapproved, after having

It hence appears that the whole number of the Board's ordained missionaries amounted, in 1843, to eleven, labouring in seven distinct missions, besides whom there were several American ladies, chiefly engaged in teaching, and no fewer than twenty native teachers. The receipts, exclusive of $200 from the American Tract Society, amounted, last year, to $35,197; the disbursements exceeded the receipts by $4494. The Board issues an interest-laboured for several years in its service. ing publication entitled "The Spirit of Missions," for the diffusion of missionary intelligence among the churches.

CHAPTER VIII.

FOREIGN MISSIONS OF OTHER DENOMINATIONS. MISSIONS OF THE FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCHES.-The Free-Will Baptist Foreign Missionary Society was organized in 1833, and originated in the correspondence of the Rev. Mr. Sutton, of the English General Baptist Mission, with Elder Buzzel, a Free-Will Baptist minister in the United States. Mr. Sutton wrote in 1831, representing the deplorable state of the heathen in India, and calling on his American brethren to come up to the help of the Lord against the mighty. Returning to England in 1833, Mr. Sutton went from that to America, there spent several months preaching to the churches; then, after another short visit to his native land, he made an extensive tour in 1834 through the FreeWill Baptist churches in the United States, preaching to them on the subject of missions, and acting as the corresponding secretary of a missionary society which had been formed the preceding year. Having succeeded in rousing these churches to a sense of their duty, he sailed in 1835 for India with the Rev. Messrs. Noyes and Phillips and their wives, being the first missionaries from the new society. On their arrival they went with Mr. Sutton to Orissa, a province lying on the western shore of the Bay of Bengal, some hundred miles southwest from Calcutta. They have been labouring chiefly at Balasore with much faithfulness and success. The Rev. Messrs. Bachelor and Dow have since joined these brethren, and are zealously prosecuting their work. The Society owes much, we understand, to subscriptions and collections

In answer to their appeal, a convention of Lutheran ministers and lay members was held at Hagerstown, in Maryland, and the society was organized. But these missionaries having renewed their connexion with the English Church Missionary Society, the American Lutherans have resolved to send out missionaries from their own churches, and now have two labouring in India.

FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE MORAVIANS, OR UNITED BRETHREN.-The Moravian Brethren in the United States formed a society for propagating the Gospel among the heathen in 1787; an act for incorporating it was passed by the State of Pennsylvania ; and it has been actively employed ever since in promoting missions. This society sustains two missions among the Indians (the one among the Delawares, the other among the Cherokees), and eight missionaries. Its receipts last year were 8364 dollars. Some years ago, it received a handsome legacy from a gentleman at Philadelphia. Its organ is "The United Brethren's Missionary Intelligencer, and Religious Miscellany."

FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE SCOTTISH CHURCHES. -The reader has remarked that in our notices of the Associate, Associate Reformed, and Reformed Presbyterian Churches, we mentioned that they have undertaken foreign missions, either in connexion with the Board of the Old School Presbyterians or independently, within the last few years.

Such are the societies in the United States which have been expressly formed for the propagation of the Gospel in pagan countries, although some of them have missions in countries nominally Christian.

Let me add, that the American Bible Society, and the American and Foreign Bible Society supported by the Baptists, have been making large yearly donations towards the circulation of the Holy Scrip

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