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returns have been received, are given. The titles, Commerce and Navigation, and Revenue and Expenditure, published each year in the Almanac, are complete abstracts of the public documents of the same name, and the tables connected therewith, and, with the Post-Office and Mint, show the receipts and expenditures of the government under their several heads, the public debt, the imports, exports, and tonnage, the operations of the PostOffice Department, and the coinage of the Mint for each year since the adoption of the Federal Constitution. The exports for the last four years are given in detail. The rates of postage are under the new laws, and these, with the inland and foreign mail service, are believed to be complete and correct. The Census of Great Britain and Ireland is from the official documents, and can be relied on as sufficiently exact for all practical purposes. It was hoped that the seventh census of the United States could be given, but it has been impossible to procure other returns than those published in this volume. The Titles and Abstracts of the Public Laws and Joint Resolutions have been carefully prepared, and are sufficiently full, except for professional use. The tabular view of the railroads in the country is continued from the last volume; and the comparative view of the debts, property, and general financial condition of all the States has been corrected with great care from the latest official returns. The information concerning the Individual States is more full than in former years. It is believed that nowhere else can be found such full details respecting the Executive and Judiciary, the finances, schools, charitable institutions, and pauperism and crime, of the several States. Should any one note inaccuracies or deficiencies therein, he is urgently requested to correct them. The European part of the work is somewhat extended, and is correct so far as it goes. The Obituary Notices and Chronicle of Events have been prepared with care.

The thanks of the Editor are particularly due to the heads of Department at Washington, and to his many contributors and correspondents, to whom the work is indebted for a great part of its value. A continuance of their favors is respectfully solicited. A work embracing such a multitude of facts must necessarily contain some errors; persons who detect any are earnestly requested to communicate them to the Editor. It is particularly desirable that these communications should not be anonymous. It is frequently a source of regret to the Editor that he cannot suitably acknowledge the valuable hints and assistance of anonymous correspondents. It is a matter of some public interest, that a periodical which circulates so widely, both in Europe and America, and which is so universally trusted as a manual for reference, should be rendered as accurate as possible; and this end can be obtained only by the coöperation of many individuals. Communications should be addressed to the "Editor of the American Almanac," Boston.

Boston, Mass., Sept. 30, 1851.

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2. New Hampshire,....

3. Vermont,

190

220

House of Representatives,. Alphabetical List of Representatives, 223 28. Immigration into the U. S. in 1850, 224 29. Foreign Coins,

INDIVIDUAL STATES.

227 19. Louisiana,

229 20. Texas,.

225

292

............................................... 233 21. Arkansas, .............................................. 299 4. Massachusetts,................... 236 22. Tennessee, ....................... 291 5. Rhode Island, 243 23. Kentucky,........... 292

6. Connecticut, ......................................... 245 24. Ohio,

.......

7. New York,. ........................................... 249 25. Michigan,
8. New Jersey,...................................................... 256 26. Indiana,................
9. Pennsylvania, ......................................... 258 27. Illinois,

10. Delaware,............ ............ 262 28. Missouri, ...........
11. Maryland,.. ......................................... 263 29.

Iowa,

.....

295 301

....... 302 307 ....... 309 311

California..... Oregon Territory,.

313

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... 318

............ 263 30. Wisconsin, ...........................................

12. Virginia,.
13. North Carolina, ......................................... 270 31.
14. South Carolina, .

15. Georgia,.

272 32.

........ 275 33. Minesota Territory,.............. 318 276 34. Utah Territory...

278 35. New Mexico Territory,............ 318

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Governments of North America,........ 319 Governments of South America,........ 320 West Indian Governments,

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Abstracts of Public Laws

.........

PAGE

..... 143 Eclipse of Moon, Dec. 26........
Additions and Corrections.............. 352 Eclipse of Sun, Jan. 21
... 278 Eclipse of Sun, Total, June 17
American Obituary .............. 327 Eclipse of Sun, Dec. 10

Alabama...

American States

319 Elections, State...

PAGE

36

35

35

36

......... 208

Arkansas.
289 Emigration to the U. S. in 1850 ........ 224
Apportionment of U. S. Representatives 199 Emigration from Great Britain and Ire-
Appraisement of Foreign Merchandise, act 151 land for 26 Years...
Appropriations, U. S., for 1851, 1852..... 143 Engineers, Corps of, &c..
Army List....

...... 198
117 Engineers in Navy, Pay of.............. 125
123 Envoys Extraordinary, &c. ........ 133 - 137
116 Ephemeris of the Sun...........................................

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Act concerning

..... 181
193 Federal Representative Population,...... 199
Festivals of the Church

105 Finances of the States........
152 Fixed Stars, Apparent Places of
208 Florida.

5

......210, 211

56
276

Capitals of States..
Census of U. States (Seventh).. ........ 198 Flowering of Fruit-trees in 1851........ 102
Census of Great Britain and Ireland..... 195 Foreign Coins, Value of...
225
Celestial Phenomena, Signs, &c. ........ 3 Foreign Goods imported.. ............... 170
Chargés d'Affaires of U. S. in 1851..... 134 Foreign Mail Service ...
159
Chronicle of Events.
344 Foreign Ministers, &c., in U. S............... .......... 137
4 Foreign Nations. Intercourse with...... 133
5 Foreign Trade, Countries of ............ 176
.130-132 France....

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Cities, Principal, Population of....................... 200 Franking Privilege
Clerks of District Courts of U. S......... 131 General Events in 1850

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326

...... 347

Clouds and Winds
Coinage of Mint for 53 Years........... 194 Geologists, U. S., with Land-Office...... 114
Coins, Foreign, Value of................ 225 Georgia

275

Collectors of Customs.................. 111 Government, Seats of, in different States. 208
Colleges in United States............... 202 Governments, Annual Expenses of State. 211
Colleges. Annual Expenses in .......... 205 Governors of States, &c. ......
Commerce..

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Commercial Agents in Foreign Countries 134 Great Britain and Ireland, Census of
.... 195
Commercial Marine of the U. S.
307
Commission on California Land Claims.. 108 Immigration to United States in 1850.... 224
Commissioners, U.S., in Foreign Countries 134 Imports, Value of, in 1849 and 1850..170-173
Congress, Thirty Second... ........ 218 Imports for 60 Years...
Connecticut
245 Imports of each State for 1850.
... 179
Consuls, Foreign, in U. S......... 138-142 imports paying ad valorem Duties...170-173
Consuls in Foreign Countries...... 134-137 Imports free of Duty
170
Contested Elections, Evidence in, Act con-
cerning....

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210, 211 Ireland, Census of...........
...................................... 262 Jewish Calendar .......

Department of the Interior. .............
Department of State

302

302

133

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326 Judges of U. S. Circuit and District Courts 130
103 Judiciary, U. S..
128

106 Jupiter's Satellites, Eclipses of....

Departments, Officers in the ....... 106-109 Kentucky
Disks of Venus and Mars........
District Courts.

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40
292

41 Land-Office. Registers, Receivers, &c. 113
128, 139 Lands, Public
190
319 Latitude and Longitude of Observatories 46
34 Latitude and Longitude of Places.... 43-47
......... 34, 35 Law Schools....

District of Columbia .....................................
Eclipses in 1852

Eclipse of Moon, Jan. 6, 7
Eclipse of Moon, July 1.

206

35 Laws, Titles and Abstracts of Public .... 143

Legislatures, State, Meeting of....
Libraries, College...

Lighthouses, Act concerning

Louisiana

Mahometan Calendar

Mail Service for 1850

..... 20 Presidents of the U. S...
202-205 Property of States...

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105

211

............ 149 Prussia, Ministry ...................... 326
282 Public Lands..

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190

6 Public Lands, Sales of.............. 191, 192
165 Public Lands, Surveyors-General of...... 113

Mail Service, Foreign.................. 159 Public Laws, Titles and Abstracts of..... 143
227 Public Resolutions of Congress....... 156

Maine....

Marine, Commercial, of the U. S........ 180 Railroads in New England

Marine Corps.

212-215

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Mars and Venus, Disks of.......
Marshals, U. S..
Maryland

Maryland, Constitution of.
Massachusetts

...

Massachusetts, Railroads of
Medical Schools
Meteorological Information
Michigan

64

113

...... 263 Recent Discoveries in Astronomy, &c. ... 66
263 Refractions, Dr Young's ......
........ 236 Registers of Land Office...
......... 212 Religious Denominations

........

208

.... 207 Representatives, Alphabetical List of.... 223
91-102 Representatives, House of...
220
301 Representatives, U. S., Apportionment of 199
Military Asylum, Act establishing ...... 150 Resolutions, Public, of Congress... ... 156
Military Geographical Departments...... 119 Revenue and Expenditure .......... 181-190
Military Geographical Divisions........ 119 Revenue. U. S., for 61 Years............ 182
Military Posts ...
...... 120 Rhode Island...

Militia Force of the U. S. ...................................... 122 Russia, Ministry
Minesota Territory

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Navy, Vessels of War in................................. 126 Smithsonian Institute.....

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Newspapers, Postage on........................ 161, 167 Star, Pole. Apparent Places of

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3

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201

207

272

216, 217

.......

321

326

54

56

106

208

210, 211

48

65

130

295 Sweden and Norway, Ministry.

113

326

291

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Population of the U. S. ........... 199-201 United States, Seventh Census..

................................... 146 Value of Foreign Coins ....
161 Venus and Mars, Disks of.

Postage by the N. Y. & Bremen Steamers 165 Vermont....

..163-163 Vessels of War in U. S. Navy
..... 163 Virginia ......

Postmasters in Chief Towns and Cities... 108 War Department

Postmasters Compensation of

Post Office Rec's and Expend's in 1849, '50 160 Wisconsin.
Post-Office Statistics since 1790.
Post Office Revenue.....

320 Treasury Department

54 Trade, Foreign. Countries of.

67 Tonnage Comparative View of, for 35 Years 180

177-180

176

106

326 Utah Territory.

198

319

225

41

233

126

263

107

160 Western Railroads

217

108, 157 West Indian Governments.
109-111 Winds and Clouds..

320

91-102

169 Young's Refractions...................
.157, 159, 160 Zodiac, Signs of the...........................

313

64

4

Pennsylvania.

Pension Agents, Army and Navy.... 116, 117 Titles and Abstracts of Public Laws
Planets, Signs of the...

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