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ern California, who have completed the required fifteen units of work in education, including practice teaching, and who have completed one major and one minor in subjects taught in the high schools of the state, may elect to spend such year in post-graduate study at the California State Library School, following a course especially selected for college graduates preparing for high school certification in this state, provided that each candidate entering the California State Library School shall first secure the approval of the head of the department of education of the university from which he expects to be recommended for the high school certificate.

A major is hereby defined as not less than twenty-four units of work in a subject, of which twelve units must be in advanced courses.

A minor is hereby defined as not less than six units of work in advanced courses.

Only advanced courses taken during the junior, senior, and graduate years shall be counted toward the advanced work required.

IV. RECOMMENDATIONS

(1) Recommendation from Graduate School Required.

When the required graduate work is completed to the satisfaction of the university in which such work is done, such university shall issue to the candidate, on application, a formal recommendation to county, and city and county boards of education, stating that the candidate has satisfactorily completed all the requirements established by the State Board of Education for recommendations for the high school certificate in California, and that the candidate is worthy, in the judgment of the university issuing the recommendation, to receive a high school certificate in any county, or city and county in this state, under the provisions of sections 1519, 1775, and 1792 of the Political Code of California.

If the candidate has elected to take one half-year of the required graduate work in an approved graduate school, and the other half-year in a California state normal school, as provided in exemption 4 above, the university in which such graduate work is done shall recommend the candidate in the academic or non-professional work and the normal school in which the professional work is done shall recommend the candidate in such professional work.

(2) Major and Minor Subjects to be Set Forth.

Each recommendation shall state on its face the major and minor subjects which the holder thereof has taken in the institution, or the kind of work the candidate is qualified to do. A transcript of record showing the courses taken in the university and the numbers of units obtained in each course according to such form as the university may prescribe shall appear on the back of the recommendation.

(3) Form of Recommendation.

All recommendations shall be on printed forms, bearing the name of the university issuing them; shall be issued by the recorder, registrar, or secretary of the university; shall bear the approval of the department of education in the university and shall state in which college or university the bachelor's degree was taken.

In case the candidate has elected to spend one-half the graduate year in a California state normal school, following the special course for college graduates hereinbefore defined, the recommendation shall so state, and the president of such normal school shall make the recommendation covering the professional preparation of the candidate, and the recorder, registrar, or secretary of the university shall make the recommendation covering the academic, non-professional work.

In recommendations for the high school certificate issued in accordance with III, 5 above, the university, through its recorder or registrar, shall vouch for the undergraduate work of the candidate, the head of the department of education in the university shall vouch for the courses in education, and the State Librarian shall vouch for the postgraduate work.

A recommendation granted by any approved graduate school, other than the University of California, Leland Stanford Junior University, and the University of Southern California, shall not be valid unless approved on its face by the Commissioner of Secondary Schools.

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION,

By EDWARD HYATT, Secretary.

Extracts from Regulations Governing Educational Institutions Accredited to Recommend Individuals for Special Certificates, as Published in Bulletin No. 10 of the State Board of Education, 1915

Educational institutions accredited by the State Board of Education are hereby authorized to recommend to county or city and county boards of education, individuals who are qualified to receive certificates to teach special subjects in the public, elementary, and secondary schools of the State of California; provided, that each institution may recommend individuals only in such special subjects and for such grades of certificates as are mentioned in said authorization; and provided further, that they recommend candidates for the elementary or secondary special certificates only as follows:

SECONDARY SPECIAL CERTIFICATES

Educational institutions may recommend an individual for the seeondary special certificate; provided (a) that such individual has had at least four years' instruction beyond that required for graduation from a high school maintaining a four-year course in advance of the eighth grade, or that he possess an equivalent amount of training; (b) that at least one-half of said four years' instruction has been devoted to study or work in the special subject or subjects in which the individual is applying for certification and in such subjects as are strictly supplementary thereto, as arranged and approved by the recommending authorities of the institution in which the work was taken, or that he possess an equivalent amount of special training; (c) that at least two-fifths of a year of the time required to be given to the special subject or subjects has been devoted to a study of the pedagogical subjects suited to the training of a secondary school teacher; at least one-half of which time shall be devoted to practice-teaching, including methods of instruction in the special subject or subjects, under competent supervision.

VALUE OF CERTAIN EQUIVALENTS

Time devoted in the secondary school period to study or work in the special subject or subjects in which the candidate desires certification may be substituted at the rate of half time for similar studies or work in the collegiate period. Such substitution shall not exceed one-half of the total time required in the special subject or subjects. One year's suecessful experience in teaching may be substituted for half of the required pedagogical work, and two years of said experience may be substituted for the entire pedagogical requirement.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE RECOMMENDATION FOR THE
HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATE

Candidates for the high school teacher's recommendation must complete the requirements specified by the State Board and by the department of education acting in accordance with the regulations of the State Board as well as the following academic requirements:

1. A graduate course, other than a teacher's course, of not less than two units, in a department in which the candidate has completed not less than twelve units of major courses, or an equivalent.

2. A major and three minors or two majors and one minor; but on the recommendation of the School of Education one major and two minors or two majors may be accepted. In every case, however, two of the following divisions of university studies must be represented:

(1) English.

(2) Ancient foreign languages.

(3) Modern foreign languages.

(4) Philosophy, education.

(5) History, political science, anthropology.

(6) Jurisprudence.

(7) Economics.

(8) Mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry.

(9) Geography, geology, mineralogy, palaeontology.

(10) Botany, zoology, anatomy, physiology.

(11) Pathology, bacteriology, hygiene, physical education.
(12) Architecture, drawing, art.

(13) Music.

(14) Agriculture.

(15) Engineering.

(16) Household science and art.
(17) Commerce.

A major shall comprise not less than a total of twenty-four units, and not more than a total of thirty units, of which at least twelve shall consist of major or graduate courses in one department, or of twelve units of correlated major or graduate courses in more than one department. Detailed statements in regard to majors in the several subjects may be

found in the Bulletin of the School of Education.

A minor shall comprise not less than six units of major courses in one department, which ordinarily implies not less than a total of twelve units including prerequisites. As far as the modern foreign languages are con cerned, minors of less than twelve units of major courses will not ordinarily be approved. A "minor (r)" denotes a "minor" plus a recommendation. Major and minor subjects studied elsewhere may be designated on the recommendation form adopted by the State Board of Education, provided the name of the institution concerned is indicated also.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE RECOMMENDATION FOR THE SPECIAL SECONDARY CERTIFICATE

1. Candidates for the recommendation for a special secondary certificate must complete successfully the requirements in their chosen subject for a major for the general high school certificate.

2. The recommendation of the department of education will be based in each case on the action of the School of Education through its com mittee on high school certificates.

COMMERCE

The applicant must be a graduate of the college of commerce or have a substantially equivalent training. To obtain a recommendation for a special certificate in any one of the groups of subjects mentioned in the rules of the State Board of Education the applicant must meet the foregoing requirement and must have credit for 12 units of work in that particular group.

AGRICULTURE

By arrangement with the department of education the one-fifth of a year (6 units) required by the State Board of Education for the secondary special certificate under Section c, page 2, bulletin No. 10 of the California State Board of Education "to be devoted to practice teaching including methods of instruction in the special subject or subjects under competent supervision" may be offered in the division of agricultural education.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF GRADUATE IN

EDUCATION

Preliminary Preparation.-The preliminary training of the candidate for the degree of Graduate in Education is the same as that for the degree of Master of Arts, regarding which a statement is given on page 10 of this announcement.

Amount and Distribution of Work-Residence.

1. The candidate must have completed not less than four years of successful professional experience.

2. The candidate must complete two full years of graduate study, one of which must have been spent at the University of California.

3. The candidate must complete a minimum of thirty-six units of upper division and graduate work distributed as follows:

(a) A minimum of twelve units of courses in education based on a "group elective' in education, or its equivalent, and including at least four units of seminar work during the second year, this twelve units, together with professional experience and a professional thesis, to constitute the candidate's "major."

(b) A minimum of twelve units of advanced work in a minor.

(c) A professional thesis and an examination both to be under the direction of the School of Education and both to be subject to the usual rules of the Graduate Council.

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