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HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF GRADUATE INSTRUCTION

As early as 1881 the University of California had a small number of "resident graduates,' " and the faculty had arrived at the determination to bestow higher degrees only on the completion of prescribed courses of advanced study. The degree of Ph.D. was bestowed once only as an honorary degree (1881). In 1885 it was bestowed for the first time for the successful completion of graduate studies in residence. In that year the University had six graduate students "pursuing advanced studies under the direction of the faculty." In 1885 and 1886 the University had one graduate student in candidacy for the degree of M.A. and seven pursuing special subjects. The Register for 1886-87 announced in detail the conditions of residence and scholarship for the attainment of Doctor's and Master's degrees. Candidates for higher degrees were required to be graduates of the academic department of this University or of some other university or college of acknowledged good standing. The candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy was required to pursue an approved course of study for a period of at least three years, two spent in residence at the University, pass a final examination and produce an acceptable thesis. The candidate for a Master's degree was required to pursue an approved course of study for a period of at least one year, pass an examination and present an acceptable thesis.

In November, 1895, the Academic Senate created a standing committee to be known as the Graduate Council, to consist of the President of the University, the heads of departments and other professors in the colleges in Berkeley engaged in the work of graduate instruction, and to have general control of the work of graduate students.

This remained the organization for the administration of graduate work for more than fifteen years. In 1911, however, the need had been felt for an organization more adapted to the growth of faculty membership and student body, and accordingly on February 16, 1911, the Graduate Council unanimously recommended that its own powers and duties revert to the Academic Council.

Under the new plan the administration of work of graduate students is transferred to a body called the Committee on Higher Degrees, to consist of two ex officio members, the Dean of the Graduate School and the Dean of the Faculties, and not less than thirteen other members appointed by the President. This body has authority to admit students to graduate status, to advance them to candidacy for higher degrees and to supervise their work.

From 1875 to 1917, inclusive, the University of California bestowed 400 degrees of Master of Science, 244 of Master of Letters, 617 of Master. of Arts, 7 of Graduate in Architecture, 1 of Graduate in Education, 6 of Graduate in Public Health, 144 of Juris Doctor, 1 of Civil Engineer, 1 of Electrical Engineer, 181 of Doctor of Philosophy.

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS

In order to make immediately available for others such contributions to knowledge as may develop in the prosecution of research work by its members, the University issues several series of publications representing most of the subjects in which original work is in progress. The articles included in this series represent the results of previously unpublished original investigation carried on in connection with the work of the University. This medium of publication is open to any member of the University, the papers being accepted solely on the basis of merit as new and original work. Results of research work done by advanced students, including theses for higher degrees, may be accepted for publication by the University on the same footing with other contributions to knowledge.

The University of California Press issues series of publications under the general title of University of California Publications in the following subjects: Agricultural Sciences, American Archaeology and Ethnology, Astronomy, Botany, Classical Philology, Economics, Education, Engineering, Entomology, Geography, Geology, History, Mathematics, Modern Philology, Pathology, Philosophy, Psychology, Semitic Philology, and Zoology. The University publishes also a quarto series, entitled Memoirs of the University of California; the University of California Chronicle, a quarterly journal; a Monthly Meteorological Synopsis of Berkeley, a semiannual Bulletin of the Seismographic Stations; a Prize Essay series; a Library bulletin, and the circulars and bulletins of the Agricultural Experiment Station.

A circular containing a list of the publications of the University may be obtained by application to the University Press.

Detailed statements regarding the following will be found in the CIRCULAR OF INFORMATION, August, 1917, which is Part I of this REGISTER. Fellowships and Graduate Scholarships for the Academic Year 1917-18;

Prizes;

Appointment Registry;

Summer Session;

Expenses of Students;

Site and Climate of Berkeley.

STATEMENT OF CONDITIONS OF ADMISSION, CANDIDACY, AND DEGREES IN THE GRADUATE DIVISION

GRADUATE COURSES

Advanced instruction, leading to the degrees of Master of Science, Master of Arts, Graduate in Architecture, Graduate in Education, Graduate in Public Health, Juris Doctor, Mechanical Engineer, Civil Engineer, Metallurgical Engineer, Mining Engineer, and Doctor of Philosophy, is offered by the University of California to graduates of any recognized college or university.

The University Library contains about 340,000 volumes, not including the material contained in the Bancroft Collection. The Library is admirably adapted, so far as its extent allows, for purposes of advanced study and research.

The laboratories are extensive and well equipped and every facility is afforded for research work in pure and applied science.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TEACHER'S RECOMMENDATION Professional training for students who desire to teach is offered by the University through the School of Education, in which departments that offer special teachers' courses are represented. The requirements for the Recommendation for the Teacher's Certificate are given below under the School of Education.

REGULATIONS OF THE FACULTIES CONCERNING GRADUATE STUDENTS

I

ADMISSION TO GRADUATE STANDING

Persons holding a Bachelor's degree in Arts, Letters, or Science from a reputable institution authorized by law to confer these degrees, or holding any other degree or certificate which the Graduate Council may accept as equivalent, may be admitted to the Graduate Division upon presenting official credentials.

Graduates of the institutions constituting the Association of American Universities and of many other institutions are admitted to the Graduate Division upon presentation of their Bachelor's diploma at the office of the Recorder of the Faculties. Graduates of institutions not in the accepted list of the University may be admitted to the Graduate Division with

the approval of the Dean of the Graduate Division after an evaluation of their certified college record by the University Examiner. Admission to the Graduate Division does not imply admission to candidacy for a higher degree.

The grade of work which graduate students may elect and their standing as candidates for degrees will depend upon the extent and character of their undergraduate course. If the preliminary training of candidates has not been sufficient to qualify them for strictly graduate work in any department, they must undertake such undergraduate courses as may be suited to their needs.

II

CANDIDACY AND RESIDENCE

Students in the Graduate Division are classified as resident graduate students or as graduate students in absence. Resident graduate students register with the Recorder of the Faculties on a day set aside for that purpose at the opening of each session, in August, in January, or in June. Graduate students in absence may complete their registration only with the approval of the department or departments in which studies are to be pursued and of the Dean of the Graduate Division, from whom blank forms for graduate study in absence may be obtained. If necessary, registration for graduate study in absence may be arranged by correspondence with the Dean.

All graduate students, whether in residence or in absence, are required to renew their registration at the University at the beginning of every regular session (August, January).

No graduate student is considered as a candidate for any degree unless he is expressly advanced to candidacy by the Graduate Council upon formal petition. At least one half-year must elapse between formal advancement to candidacy for any degree and the conferring of the degree. Registration as a resident graduate student must, except for graduates of the University of California, precede formal advancement to candidacy for a higher degree. If a student who has pursued graduate studies in absence later becomes a resident student and a candidate for a higher degree, the work done in absence will be given due consideration on its merits, but in every case except that of candidacy for certain advanced degrees in engineering at least one year in residence at the University is required.

Residence at the Lick Observatory at Mount Hamilton, at the Herzstein Research Laboratory at New Monterey, at the Southern California Pathological Laboratory at Whittier, at the Graduate School of Tropical Agriculture at Riverside, at the Scripps Institution for Biological Research at La Jolla, or at the University Farm at Davis is residence at

the University for such students as have been appointed to work at any of these places. Residence wherever a student may be directed by the Faculty to prosecute regular research is regarded as residence at the University.

Two summer sessions, devoted to an approved course of study, may be rated as the equivalent of one half-year for purposes of residence, and registration in summer sessions, with satisfactory completion of the week each half-year, in order to satisfy the minimum residence requirement in candidacy for any higher degree.

Candidates for degrees may, at the discretion of the Graduate Council, be given credit for work taken at other universities, but such allowance of credit ordinarily will not reduce the minimum period of one year of residence required at the University of California.

Every graduate student must register for, attend, and complete upper division major or graduate courses amounting to at least four units per week each half-year, in order to satisfy the minimum residence requirement in candidacy for any higher degree.

III

CONDITIONS FOR A BACHELOR'S DEGREE FOR A GRADUATE STUDENT Graduate students may be recommended as candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science on completing at least twentyfour units during one or more years of attendance upon such courses of instruction as are regularly pursued by seniors in the University of California, and on performing such additional work and passing such examinations as may appear necessary to the Academic Senate. In all cases candidates must satisfy the graduation requirement of thirty-six units of advanced studies (as set forth in the Circular of Information) in the College of Letters and Science, or their equivalent in the colleges of applied science, not all of which, however, need have been done while in residence at this University. No person will be recommended for a bachelor's degree who shall not have satisfied substantially, at the time of procedure to the degree, the conditions imposed upon undergraduate students at the University of California.

IV

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MASTER'S DEGREE-M.A., OR M.S.

Preliminary Preparation.—The preliminary training of the candidate for any of the above masters' degrees should be substantially the equivalent of that represented by the corresponding bachelor's degree of the University of California. A bachelor's degree in the University of Cali

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