with his parents near Stockton until December, 1853, when, accompanied by his mother, he returned to New York, that he might have the advantage of a liberal education. During the war, he served in battery A and M, of the seventh N. Y. artillery, and was discharged August 15, 1865. During said service he performed duty on the staff of Gen. Lewis O. Morris, and on detatched service in Alexander, Virginia. He was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, on the third day of June, 1864. After a partial recovery from his wound he was breveted colonel, and assigned to duty at Fairfax, Virginia, and in 1865, at the Ira Harris hospital at Albany, New York. His health failed and he came to California, the second time, in July, 1872, and traveled as manager of agencies for the Union Mutual Life Insurance Company of Maine. He returned to Albany in July, 1873, but came back accompanied by his wife, in October, 1874, and located at Milton, Calaveras county. He was admitted to the bar the same year, and removed to Wheatland, Yuba county, in November, 1877, where he practiced law and published the Wheatland Recorder until March, 1880. At this time he removed the press and material to Biggs, Butte county, and established the Biggs Recorder. In 1880, he was deputy county clerk and deputy district attorney for Butte county. He is a prominent "society man," and joined the F. & A. M. when only twenty-one years of age, and has filled a number of important offices in the same and other He is now the D.D.G.M.W. of Butte county, and grand representative of Biggs lodge, No. 102, A. O. U. W., for 1882. He is noble grand of Bidwell lodge, No. 47, I. O. O. F.; post commander of Canby post, No. 18, G. A. R.; grand representative to grand encampment of the department of California, and is a member of eight different orders. Mr. Carnduff is not only an able, but a very popular man in social and public life.

RICHARD DELANCIE was born in England, May 15, 1839. In 1847, his parents came to the United States, landing at New York in June of that year. They settled near St. Louis, Missouri, where they remained till the spring of 1854, when they came to California, settling at Evansville, Butte county, which has since been his home. During his early years on the coast, Mr. DeLancie engaged in mining, but with indifferent success. He tried his hand at all kinds of work done in the mines till 1865. In that year he enlisted at Oroville in Co. A., First Cavalry volunteers, commanded by Captain E. C. Ledyard. The company was ordered to Arizona and detailed to act as escort to the commanding general, John S. Mason. He traveled over all the territory, a great deal of which at that time was wholly unknown. In 1866, the troops were discharged and he returned to his home in Butte county, where he worked on his stepfather's farm for some years, when he began teaching school in Mohawk valley, Plumas county. He taught several schools in Butte county, and while so engaged became acquainted with and married Miss Mattie A. Sherwood, of Crum's ranch, on the twenty-fifth of November, 1872. In the summer of 1875 he was appointed one of the teachers in the Chico public school, where he taught till March, 1878. Sheriff Sprague then appointed him under-sheriff, the duties of which office he performed till the fall of 1879, when he was nominated on the republican ticket, and elected treasurer of Butte county, an office which he still holds, with credit both to himself and his party. Mr. DeLancie is an open-hearted, genial man, beloved by a large circle of friends.

ALEXANDER DICK.-Robert Dick, the father of our subject, was a Scotchman and captain of a vessel. He was drowned three months before the birth of his son (Alexander), which occurred at Irven, Ayershire, Scotland, July 22, 1833. In 1849, Alexander came to America via New Orleans, to Illinois, and remained there until the first of April, 1852, when he crossed the plains to California, being just seven months on the road. He stayed a short time at or near Mr. Onyett's, and then lived on the Clark ranch, but was run off by the Indians and moved over to Pence's for safety. In 1855, he located on the place he now owns. On his land, under a large tree, was once a camping-place of Fremont's. He dis

Mr. Dick is an

covered this fact by finding a tin can in the forks of the tree, which contained a paper that proved its correctness. His place consists of 240 acres; he owns 160 acres near the buttes, and also has a mountain home, where he spends many summers. He was married March 20, 1859, to Miss Jane Sliger, now deceased. She bore him five sons and one daughter. He was married again in March, 1877, to Miss Harriet E. Haycock, of Canada, by whom he has had one child, a son. earnest worker for the public schools, having been a trustee for seventeen years. He was foremost in organizing the first school at Biggs and in getting the fine school-building erected. Having had limited facilities himself for getting an education, he is unusually interested in having the best of advantages given to his own and neighbors' children. In religion he is a protestant, though making no profession, and a republican in politics. He is a member of the United Workmen and Odd Fellow lodges at Biggs. His residence, which is shown on another page, was erected by his own hands.

HON. LEON D. FREER.-L. D. Freer was the son of Peter Freer, for several years sheriff of Butte county. He was born at Rome, Oneida county, New York, May 31, 1845. At the age of ten years he came to the coast and lived with his father in Butte county. He received his education at Benicia and Oakland, worked in San Francisco in 1864-65, and then returned to his home in Oroville. In 1867, desiring to turn his attention to the law, he commenced the study of that noble profession, which has given to the country four-fifths of her statesmen, and by patient application was enabled in 1869 to be admitted to practice both in the supreme court of the state and the district court. At this time sickness prevented him from entering into active life, and three years were spent in recovering his health. In 1872 he commenced to practice. He was elected district attorney of Butte county in 1875, and held the position for two terms, during which time his name became widely known because of his able prosecution and conviction of the Chico rioters and murderers of 1877. In 1880, Mr. Freer formed a partnership with Judge T. B. Reardan, formerly district judge of Nevada county, for ten years. Reardan & Freer still continue to enjoy a large and lucrative practice in Butte county. Mr. Freer represented Butte county in the legislature of 1881, being a member of the assembly.

Politically he is a democrat.

In November, 1874, he was married to Miss Clara G. Helms, which union has been blessed by three healthy children. Mr. Freer holds the honorable position of deputy grand master of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in May, 1882, will become grand master of the state. Personally he is a man of fine physique, possessing unusual talent of high order and an engaging and attractive style. His genial manners have made him popular, not only among members of his own political faith, but within the lines of the republicans as well. The record he made is without blemish, and his name is being spoken of in connection with future congressional honors.

PETER FREER was born December 31, 1813, at Duchess county, New York, from whence he removed at an early age to Chester county. He learned the trade of harness-making, and moved to Rome, Oneida county, in the same state, where he followed his trade till leaving for California, in 1849. At Rome, in 1843, he was married to Ellen McCarty. Six children were born to them, of whom three are now living--L. D. Freer, E. D. Freer and Lewis Freer. He was among the venturesome band of argo. nauts who peopled this state in its infancy. Upon reaching California, he struck out for the interior, to seek the "root of all evil," and brought up in what is now Plumas county, then a part of Butte. He started at mining on Poor Man's creek, and afterwards kept a hotel at Nelson's Point. The fickle goddess fortune smiled on him in all his early ventures, and, in the year 1852, he was joined by his wife, and together they shared the toils of California life. In 1853, he was elected sheriff of Butte county, to which office he was re-elected in 1855, at which time he resided at Bidwell's bar, Plumas having been created from Butte in 1854. In 1855, his family was made complete by the arrival of his only other

remaining son, Leon. They all removed to Oroville with the archives of the county. The office of sheriff was a very rich one, but though his revenue therefrom ran into the hundreds of thousands, he had saved but little when his term expired. His hospitality and open-heartedness, characteristics proverbial with him, even in all his after years, never allowed him to say no to a request. For six years he served Butte county as one of her supervisors. In 1869, he was again a candidate for sheriff, but was defeated by 43 votes. He took a very active part in politics, and was always called into the councils of his party, democratic, for his advice. He died September 11, 1881, at Oroville, leaving a widow and three grown sons, and mourned by a legion of friends.

SAMUEL AND LOUIS GLASS.-Samuel Glass, one of the first locators of the Cherokee mine, was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in the year 1800. When a young man he removed to Zanesville, Ohio, where for a time he followed boating on the rivers. The failure of the United States bank at that city so injured his business that he abandoned it and resided for some years in Delaware. In 1849, he came to California, subsequently settling at Cherokee flat, in Butte county, where he resided until his death, which occurred in 1871.

Louis Glass, secretary of the Spring Valley Hydraulic Gold Company, a son of Samuel Glass, is a native of the state of Delaware. He removed to California in 1861, and in 1871 entered upon the duties of secretary of the Spring Valley Mining Company. In 1875, he became secretary of the Spring Valley Mining and Irrigating Company, a consolidation of the Cherokee mines. The new mining company came into existence in 1881, and at present he is secretary of both. He was married in 1872, to Miss Frankie Perkins, of San Buenaventura county. He is a man of fine abilities, and stands high both socially and as a business man. He is a member of the Table Mountain Lodge, F. & A. M., at Cherokee, and of the Royal Arch Chapter and Commandery of Knights Templar at Oroville.

JOHN C. GRAY was born at Dresden, Lincoln county, Maine, on the second day of February, 1837. He is the son of Hon. John L. Gray of that state.

Mr. Gray experienced considerable difficulty in acquiring an education. His early boyhood days were spent in doing farm-work summers and attending school during a short period in the winters. However, he had acquired a good common-school education at the age of nineteen. Then he began to fit himself for a course in Waterville college, now the Colby university, being obliged not only to drill his mind therefor, but to make money enough, while preparing, to pay the expenses of such course. By practicing the most rigid economy, he was enabled to enter the freshman class of that institution of learning, in August, 1859. Having to depend entirely upon his own resources, he taught school during the vacations, and in this laborious manner made his way through his junior year, when he left the college and entered the law-office of Hon. Artemus Libbey, of Augusta, now one of the supreme judges of that state. After two years' close application to study, he was admitted in June, 1863, to practice in the supreme court of Maine. Having contracted a few debts while in college, and seeing but little chance of immediate release from them, he resolved to emigrate to California, which he did, arriving in Sacramento in July, 1863. There he clerked in a hotel for some time. In January, 1865, he came to Butte county and engaged in school-teaching at Morris ravine. In 1867, he became principal of the grammar school at Oroville, which position he held until June, 1872, when he resigned, and opened a law-office in Oroville. On the sixth of October, 1869, he was married to Miss Bella R. Clark, one of the teachers of Butte county, and a member of the board of education. By this marriage two children, a son and a daughter, have been born to them. In 1873, Mr. Gray was elected by the republicans to represent Butte county in the state assembly. He was chairman of the committee on public lands, and a member of the judiciary, elections and apportionment committees. In August, 1874, he bought the

Oroville Mercury, with William De Mott, and acted as editor of that paper until 1878, when he sold his interest, his law business requiring his whole and undivided attention. He steadily built up a very lucrative practice. Mr. Gray took a very active part in advocating the adoption of the new constitution, doing effective work with both pen and voice. After its adoption he accepted the nomination for state senator by the new constitution party, and made a thorough canvass of the three counties of his district— Butte, Plumas and Lassen-but the ticket was defeated. While residing in the county he has been deputy county superintendent of schools six years, deputy district attorney one year, and a member of the board of examiners of teachers seven years. Mr. Gray is a member of the Oroville lodge, No. 103, F. & A. M., and has been master; he is at present high priest of the Franklin Royal Arch chapter, a member of the Oroville Commandery, No. 5, and is also a member of the Old Fellow lodge, and the encampingnt. He is one of the school board of trustees of Oroville, having held the place for four

years.

14,

ALBERT FOSTER JONES, a member of the bar of Butte county, was the son of George Foster Jones, an old resident of the county. Albert was born at Colby's Landing, Colusa county, California, February 1858. He lived with his parents at Colusa until 1867, and then removed to Chico, attending school at that place until thirteen years of age. He then worked in his father's store as errand-boy and clerk until nearly seventeen. In 1873, Mr. Jones became a student at the Golden Gate Academy, Oakland, and later at the University Mound College, San Francisco, where he remained until 1875. For nine months he held a clerkship in a grocery-store at Chico. Being an earnest student, he returned in May, 1876, to the University Mound College, to prepare for a course at Yale. During the following year he went east, and entered the philosophical department of that renowned seat of learning. One year later, he entered the law department, and continuing his studies in both departments, graduated on the twentysixth of June, 1879, being the sixth in his class, and receiving the degree of L.L.B. On the following day he was admitted to practice in all the courts of the state of Connecticut. During his collegiate course he was an energetic student, and, at the same time, took a leading part in athletic sports, carrying off several prizes at running and rowing. Mr. Jones then returned to California, and was admitted to practice in the supreme court of this state August 1, 1879. He located in Oroville, and almost immediately gained a lucrative and successful practice, by prompt attention to business. He was appointed, March 5, 1881, judge-advocate on the staff of the general commanding the fifth brigade, N. G. C., with the rank of major. He was nominated for the office of district-attorney, by the democrats, in 1880, but no election was held. During the presidential campaign of 1880, he stumped Butte county with Hon. Leon D. Freer. In December of that year, he entered into a law-partnership with John Gale, doing business under the firm name of Gale & Jones. He now holds the position of grand lecturer of the Grand Parlor, Native Sons of the Golden West, and is prominently spoken of as the coming grandpresident of the order. On the twenty-first of December, 1881, he was united in marriage to Miss May S. Evans, of Marysville.

GEORGE F. JONES was born in Hillsboro, New Hampshire, April 4, 1828. At the age of eighteen he left the parental home and went to Boston to earn a name and a future for himself. In the year 1849, he came to the Pacific coast, and hurried to the mines of Georgetown, El Dorado county, where he engaged in trading and mining. After two years he left for Sacramento, where he remained but a few months. From thence he went to Shasta county, where, in company with a Mr. Cady, he built and kept the Cañon house. On the first of June, 1853, he married Miss Sidney Ann McIntosh, the wife who survives him. In 1854, he removed to the Lone Tree ranch, in Colusa county, where he kept a public house and raised stock. In 1859, he was elected sheriff of Colusa county, and was re-elected in 1861 by