Printed in Great Britain.

W. & R. CHAMBERS, LTD., LONDON and EDInburgh.

Among the more important articles in this Volume are the following:

A

...

F. D. RICHARDS, Historiographer.
J. W. MACKAIL.

NORMAN MACDONALD,
Professor JAMES GEIKIE.

Professor FRANKLIN PETERSON.
Professor DAVID HEPBURN.

OGAM

OPTICS...

ORCHARD....

Dr R. MILNE MURRAY; Dr R. W.
JOHNSTONE.

Right Hon. Sir JOHN RHYS.

Dr ALFRED DANIELL.

R. D. BLACKMORE.

ORDERS, KNIGHTLY..... Sir JAMES BALFOUR PAUL, Lyon King.
ORDNANCE SURVEY...... Colonel S. C. N. GRANT, C.B., late
Director-General.

ORE-DEPOSITS............. Professor HENRY BRIGGS.

ORE-DRESSING............

ORIGEN..........................
OSSIAN........

OSTIA..

OTTER

OVID...

OXYGEN; OZONE.........

.....................

PACIFIC
PAINTING..

..................

Professor S. J. TRUSCOTT.

Rev. A. P. DAVIDSON.

Professor D. MACKINNON.

Dr THOMAS ASHBY.

Professor J. ARTHUR 1 HOMSON.

Dr J. P. STEELE.

Dr LEONARD DOBBIN.

Sir JOHN MURRAY.

P. G. HAMERTON.

PALEOGRAPHY............ Professor A. SOUTER.
PALEONTOLOGY........... Professor JAMES GEIKIE.
PALATE; PELVIS......... Professor DAVID HEPBURN.
PALESTINE............................................. Dr E. W. G. MASTERMAN.
PANCHATANTRA............................. Prof. ARTHUR BERRIEDALE KEITH.
CLAYTON BEADLE; Dr H. P. STEVENS.

PAPER...

......................

PARASITIC ANIMALS.... Professor J. ARTHUR THOMSON.
PARDON; PARENT AND
CHILD

PARSONS, FATHER......
PASCAL..
PATENTS..
PAUL, ST.......
PEACE, &c..

Dr HENRY BRADLEY.

Professor ALLEN MAWER.

Lieut.-Colonel CLAYTON, R.A.

F. F. ROGET.

Professor J. S. NICHOLSON; Dr M.

PEAR.

Sheriff J. M. IRVINE, K.C., LL.D.
GEORGE BARCLAY; Sir THOMAS
BARCLAY.

T. G. LAW, LL.D.
THOMAS DAVIDSON.
Sir A. WOOD RENTON,
Dean FARRAR.

Sir THOMAS BARCLAY.

R. D. BLACKMORE.

Professor W. A. BONE,

Professor LEGGE; Professor PARKER.
Professor F. B. JEVONS.

R. E. ANDERSON.

great many of the articles named above are new; others written for earlier issues of this Encyclopædia have been so thoroughly revised by their authors as to be virtually new. In addition to these many other revisers' have taken part, including Professor J. A. S. WATSON (Agriculture), Professor DAVID HEPBURN (Anatomy), Dr DRINKWATER (Chemistry), Dr R. CAMPBELL (Geology), Mr G. E. SHEPHERD (India), Mr W. A. FLEMING, Advocate, and Mr NORMAN MACDONALD, Advocate (Law), Dr J. D. COMRIE (Medicine), Admiral Sir REGINALD TUPPER (Navy), Dr ALFRED DANIELL (Physics), Professor A. BERRIEDALE KEITH (Sanskrit), Dr S. A. Cook and Mr HERBERT LOEWE (Semitic Subjects), Dr F. E. BEDDARD and Professor J. ARTHUR THOMSON (Zoology). Thanks are due to many town-clerks and others for information and corrections.