225

Department-General Thomas to Canada-Ch. racter of |

Lee, by Washington-Letters of Lee from the South-A

Dog in a Dancing School-Committee of Safety in Vir-

ginia-Lee's Grenadiers-Putnam in Command at Now

York-State of Affairs there-Arrival of Wushington-

New Arrangements-Perplexities with respect to Cana-

da-England subsidizes Hessian troops,

CHAP. XX. Arnold blockades Quebec-His Difficulties-
Arrival of General Wooster-Of General Thomas-Abor-
tive Attempt on Quebec-Preparations for Retreat-
Sortie of Carleton-Retreat of the Americans-Halt at
Point Deschambeault-Alarm in the Colonies at the Re-
treat of the Army-Popular Clamor against Schuyler-
Slanders refuted,

CHAP. XXI. Gates sent to Philadelphia with the Canada

Despatches-Promoted to the rank of Major-General-

Washington summoned to Philadelphia-Putnam left in

command-Conference with Congress-Army Arrange-

ments-A Board of War instituted-The Clintons of

New York-Mrs. Washington Inoculated-Reed made

Adjutant-General,

229

232

244

CHAP. XXVI. Arrival of more Ships-Movements of the
Phoenix and the Rose-Panic in the City-Hostile Ships
up the Hudson-Stir of War along the River-General
George Clinton, and the Militia of Ulster County-Fresh
Agitation of New York-Arrival of Lord Howe,
CHAP. XXVII. Precautions against Tories-Secret Com-
mittces-Declaration of Lord Howe-His Letter to the
Colonial Governors-His Letter to Washington rejected
-Interview between the British Adjutant-General and
Colonel Reed-Reception of the Adjutant-General_by
Washington-The Phonix and Roso in the Tappan Sea,
and Haverstraw Bay-Arming of the River Yeomanry

-George Clinton at the Gates of the Highlands, 247

CHAP. XXVIII. Question of Command between Gates

and Schuyler-Condition of the Army at Crown Point-

Discontent and Departure of Sullivan-Fortifications at

Ticonderoga-The Question of Command adjusted-Se-

cret Discontents-Sectional Jealousies in the Army-

Southern Troops-Smallwood's Macaroni Battalion-

Connecticut Light-Horse,

250

254

CHAP. XXIX. Southern Cruise of Sir Henry Clinton-
Fortifications at Charleston-Arrival there of General
Lee-Battle at Sullivan's Island-Washington announces
the result to the Army,
CHAP. XXX. Putnam's Military Projects-Chevaux-de-
frise at Fort Washington-Meditated Attack on Staten
Island-Arrival of Ships-Hessian Reinforcements-
Scotch Highlanders-Sir Henry Clinton and Lord Corn-
wallis-Putnam's Obstructions of the Hudson-The
Phoenix and Rose attacked by Row Galleys at Tarry.
town-General Order of Washington on the subject of
Sectional Jealousies-Profano Swearing prohibited in
the Camp-Preparations against Attack-Levies of Yeo-
manry-George Clinton in Command of the Levies along
the Hudson-Alarms of the People of New York-Be-
nevolent Sympathy of Washington-The Phoenix Grap-
pled by a Fire-Ship-Tho Ships Evacuate the Hud-
EON,

256

260

207

CHAP. XXXI. The Battle of Long Island,

CHAP. XXXII. The Retreat from Long Island,

CHAP. XXXIII. Long Island in Possession of the Ene-

my-Distressed Situation of the American Army at

New York-Question of Abandoning the City-Letters

from either Camp-Enemy's Ships in the Sound-Ro-

moval of Women and Children from the City-Yearn-

ing for Home among the Militia-Tolerant Ideas of

Washington and Greenc-Fort Constitution-Confer-

ence of Lord Howe with a Committee from Congress, 269

CHAP. XXXV. Fortified Camp at King's Bridge-Amer-

ican and British Lines-The Morris House-Alexander

Hamilton-The Enemy advance-Successful Skirmish

-Death of Knowlton-Great Fire in New York-Ro-

organization of the Army-Exchange of Prisoners-

Daniel Morgan regained-Delancey's Tory Brigade-

Robert_Rogers, the Partisan-His Rangers-The Roo-

buck, Phonix, and Tartar in the Hudson-Military

Movements by Land and Water-Letter of John

Jay,

276

CHAP. XXXVI. Lee expected in Camp-His Letter of
Advice to the President of Congress-The Enemy at
Throg's Neck-Washington's Arrangements-Rides to
Throg's Neck-The Enemy brought to a Stand-Military
Movements-Arrival of Lee-A Command assigned to
him-Criticizes the conduct of Congress and the Army-
Council of War-The Army to move to the Mainland-
Fort Washington to be kept up,

CHAP. XXXVII. Army Arrangements-Washington at

White Plains-The Enemy at Throg's Point-Skirmish

of Colonel Glover-Attempt to Surprise Rogers, the

Renegade-Troopers in a rough country-Alarms at

White Plains-Cannonading of Ships at Fort Washing-

ton-March of Lee-Fortified Camp at White Plains-

Reconnoftring-The Affair at Chatterton Hill-Relative

Situation of the Armies-Change of Position-Contrast

of the Appearance of the Troops-George Clinton's Idea

of Strategy-Movement of the British Army-Incen-

diaries at White Plains,

284

CHAP. XXXVIII. Conjectures as to the Intentions of the

Enemy-Consequent Precautions-Correspondence with

Greene respecting Fort Washington-Distribution _of

the Army-Lee left in Command at Northcastle-In-

structions to him-Washington at Peekskiil-Visits to

the Posts in the Highlands,

289

CHAP. XXXIX. Affairs on Lake Champlain-Gates at

Ticonderoga-Arnold's Flotilla-Military Preparations

of Sir Guy Carleton at St. Johns-Nautical Encounters

-Gallant Conduct of Arnold and Waterbury-Carleton

in Possession of Crown Point-His return to Canada

and Winter Quarters,

292

295

CHAP. XL. Washington crosses the Hudson-Arrives at

Fort Lee-Affairs at Fort Washington-Question about

its Abandonment-Movements of Howe-The Fort sum-

moned to Surrender-Refusal of Colonel McGaw-The

Fort attacked-Capture of the Fort and Garrison-

Comments of Washington on the State of Affairs,

CHAP. XLI. The Enemy cross the Hudson-Retreat of

the Garrison from Fort Lee-The Crossing of the Hack-

ensack-Lee ordered to move to the West Side of the

River-Reed's Letter to him-Second move of the Army

-Beyond the Passaic-Assistance sought from various

quarters-Correspondence and Schemes of Lee-Heath

stanch to his Instructions-Anxiety of George Clinton

for the Safety of the Hudson-Critical Situation of the

Army-Disparaging Correspondence between Lee and

Reed-Washington retreats across the Raritan-Arrives

at Trenton-Removes his Baggage across the Delawaro

-Dismay and Despondency of the Country-Procla-

mation of Lord Howe-Exultation of the Enemy-

Washington's Resolve in caso of Extremity,

299

CHAP. XLII. Leo at Peekskill-Stanch adherence of

Heath to Orders-Leo crosses the Hudson-Washing-

ton at Trenton-Lee at the Heels of the Enemy-His

Speculations on Military Greatness-Forced March of

Cornwallis-Washington crosses the Delaware-Put-

nam in Command at Philadelphia-Baffling Letters of

Lee-Hopes to reconquer the Jerseys-Gates on the

March-Lee quartered at Baskingridge-Surprised and

Captured-Speculations on his Conduct,

305

CHAP. XLIII. Washington clothed with Additional

Powers-Recruitment of the Army-Increased Pay-

Colonel John Cadwalader-Arrival of Sullivan-Gates

-Wilkinson-A Coup do Main meditated-Posture of

Affairs at Tronton-Gates declines to take a part-His

Comments on Washington's Plans-Preparations for the

Coup de Main-Crossing of the Delaware-Attack on the

Enemy's Forces at Trenton-Death of Rahl-His Char-

actor,.

311

CHAP. XLIV. Treatment of the Hessian Prisoners-

Their Interviews with Washington-Their Reception

by the People,

ington recrosses the Delaware with his Troops-The

Game reversed-The Hessians hunted back through

the Country-Washington made Military Dictator, 320

CHAP. XLVI Howe hears of the Affair at Trenton-

Cornwallis sent back to the Jerseys-Reconnoitring Ex-

pedition of Reed-His Exploits-Washington in Peril at

Trenton-Reinforced by Troops under Cadwalader and

Mifflin-Position ofhis Men-Cornwallls at Trenton-Re-

pulsed at the Assunpink-The American Camp menaced

-Night March of Washington-Affair at Princeton-

Death of Mercer-Rout of British Troops-Pursued by

Washington-Cornwallis at Princeton-Baffled and Per-

plexed-Washington at Morristown-His System of

Annoyance-The Tables turned upon the Enemy,

VOL. III.

322

329

CHAPTER I. Burke on the State of Affairs in America-
New Jersey roused to Arms-Washington grants Safe
Conduct to Hessian Convoys-Encampment at Morris-
town-Putnam at Princeton-His Stratagem to Conceal
the Weakness of his Camp-Exploit of General Dick-
inson near Somerset Court House-Washington's Coun-
ter Proclamation-Prevalence of the Smallpox-Inocu-
lation of the Army-Contrast of the British and Ameri-
can Commanders and their Camps,
CHAP. II. Negotiations for Exchange of Prisoners-Case
of Colonel Ethan Allen-Of General Lee-Correspond-
ence of Washington with Sir William Howe about
Exchanges of Prisoners-Referees appointed-Letters
of Lee from New York-Case of Colonel Campbell-
Washington's Advice to Congress on the Subject of Re-
taliation-His Correspondence with Lord Howe about
the Treatment of Prisoners-The Horrors of the Jersey
Prison-Ship and the Sugar-House,.

CHAP. III. Exertions to form a New Army-Calls on

the Different States-Insufficiency of the Militia-Wash-

ington's Care for the Yeomanry-Dangers in the North-

ern Department-Winter Attack on Ticonderoga ap-

prehended-Exertions to reinforce Schuyler-Precarious

State of Washington's Army-Conjectures as to the

Designs of the Enemy-Expedition of the British

against Peekskill,

332

336

347

CHAP. VL Schuyler on the Point of Resigning-Com-

mittee of Inquiry Report in his Favor-His Memorial to

Congress proves Satisfactory - Discussions regarding

the Northern Departinent-Gates mistaken as to his

Position-He prompts his Friends in Congress-His

Petulant Letter to Washington-Dignified Reply of the

Latter-Position of Gates defined-Schuyler reinstated
in Command of the Department-Gates appears on the
Floor of Congress-His Proceedings there,
CHAP. VIL The Highland Passes of the Hudson-George
Clinton in Command of the Forts-His Measures for
Defence-Generals Greene and Knox examine the State
of the Forts-Their Report-The General Command of
the Hudson offered to Arnold-Declined by him-Given
to Putnam-Appointment of Dr. Craik in the Medical
Department-Expedition planned against Fort Independ-
ence-But relinquished.-Washington shifts his Camp
to Middlebrook-State of his Army-General Howe
crosses into the Jerseys-Position of the two Armies at
Middlebrook and behind the Raritan-Correspondence
between Washington and Colonel Reed,

CHAP. VIII. Feigned Movements of Sir William Howe-

Baffling Caution of Washington-Rumored Inroads from

the North-Schuyler applies for Reinforcements-Re-

newed Schemes of Howe to draw Washington from his

Stronghold-Skirmish between Cornwallis and Lord

Stirling-The Enemy evacuate the Jerseys-Perplexity

as to their next Movement-A Hostile Fleet on Lake

Champlain-Burgoyne approaching Ticonderoga-Spec-

350

CHAP. IX. British Invasion from Canada-The Plan-

Composition of the Invading Army-Schuyler on the

Alert-His Speculations as to the Enemy's Designs-

Burgoyne on Lake Champlain-His War-Speech to his

Indian Allies-Signs of his Approach descried from

Ticonderoga-Correspondence on the Subject_between

St. Clair, Major Livingston, and Schuyler-Burgoyne

intrenches near Ticonderoga-His Proclamation--Schuy

ler's Exertions at Albany to forward Reinforcements-

Hears that Ticonderoga is evacuated-Mysterious Dis-

appearance of St. Clair and his Troops-Amazement

and Concern of Washington-Orders Reinforcements to

Schuyler at Fort Edward, and to Putnam at Peekskill-

Advances with his Main Army to the Clove-His Hope-

ful Spirit manifested,

357

CHAP. X. Particulars of the Evacuation-Indian Scouts in
the Vicinity of the Forte-Outposts abandoned by St.
Clair-Burgoyne secures Mount Hope-Invests the For-
tress-Seizes and occupies Sugar Hill-The Forts over-
looked and in Imminent Peril-Determination to evacu-
ate-Plan of Retreat-Part of the Garrison depart for
Skenesborough in the Flotilla-St. Clair crosses with the
rest to Fort Independence-A Conflagration reveals his
Retreat-The British Camp aroused-Fraser pursues St.
Clair-Burgoyne with his Squadron makes after the Flo-
tilla-Part of the Fugitives overtaken-Flight of the Re-
mainder to Fort Anne-Skirmish of Colonel Long-Re-
treat to Fort Edward-St. Clair at Castleton-Attack of
his Rear-Guard-Fall of Colonel Francis-Desertion of
Colonel Hale-St. Clair reaches Fort Edward-Conster-
nation of the Country-Exultation of the British, 362

CHAP. XI. Capture of General Prescott-Proffered in

Exchange for Lee-Reinforcements to Schuyler-Arnold

sent to the North-Eastern Militia to repair to Saratoga

-Further Reinforcements-Generals Lincoln and Arnold

recommended for Particular Services-Washington's

Measures and Suggestions for the Northern Compaign-

British Fleet puts to Sea-Conjectures as to its Destina

tion-A Feigned Letter-Appearance and Disappearance

of the Fleet-Orders and Counter Orders of Washington

-Encamps at Germantown-Anxiety for the Security

of the Highlands-George Clinton on Guard-Call on

Connecticut,

866

CHAP. XII. Gates on the Alert for a Command-Schuy-

ler undermined in Congress-Put on his Guard-Courts

a Scrutiny, but not before an expected Engagement-

Summoned with St. Clair to Head-Quarters-Gates ap-

pointed to the Northern Department-Washington's

Speculations on the Successes of Burgoyne-Ill-judged

Meddlings of Congress with the Commissariat-Colonel

Trumbull resigns in consequence,

370

CHAP. XIII. Washington's Perplexities about the British

Fleet-Putnam and Governor Clinton put on the Alert in

the Highlands-Morgan and his Riflemen sent to the

North-Washington at Philadelphia-His first Interview

with Lafayette-Intelligence about the Fleet-Explana

tions of its Movements-Review of the Army-Lafay

ette mistakes the nature of his Commission-His Alll-

ance with Washington-March of the Army through

Philadelphia-Encampment at Wilmington,

372

CHAP. XVIII. Landing of Howe's Army on Elk River-

Measures to check it-Exposed Situation of Washing-

ton in Reconnoitring-Alarm of the Country-Procla-

mation of Howe-Arrival of Sullivan-Foreign Officers

in Camp-Deborre-Conway-Fleury-Count Pulaski-

First Appearance in the Army of " Light-Horse Harry"

of Virginia-Washington's Appeal to the Army-Move-

ments of the Rival Forces-Battle of the Brandywine-

Retreat of the Americans-Halt in Chester-Scenes in

Philadelphia during the Battle-Congress orders out

Militia-Clothes Washington with Extraordinary Pow-

ers-Removes to Lancaster-Rewards to Foreign Of

ficers,

389

CHAP. XIX. General Howe neglects to pursue his Ad-
vantage-Washington retreats to Germantown - Re-
crosses the Schuylkill and prepares for another Action-
Prevented by Storms of Rain-Retreats to French Creek
-Wayne detached to fall on the Enemy's Rear- His

Pickets surprised- Massacre of Smallwood's Men-

Manoeuvres of Howe on the Schuylkill-Washington

sends for Reinforcements-Howe marches into Phila-

delphia,

396

CHAP. XX. Dubious Position of Burgoyne-Collects his

Forces-Ladies of Distinction in his Camp-Lady Har-

riet Ackland-The Baroness de Riedesel-American

Army reinforced-Silent Movements of Burgoyne-

Watched from the Summit of the Hills-His March

along the Hudson-Position of the two Camps-Battle

on the 19th Sept.-Burgoyne oncamps nearer-Fortifies

his Camp Promised Co-operation by Sir Henry Clinton

-Determines to await it-Quarrel between Gates and

Arnold-Arnold deprived of Command-Burgoyne waits

for Co-operation,

398

CHAP. XXI. Preparations of Sir Henry Clinton-State of

the Highland Defences-Putnam alarmed-Advance of

the Armament up the Hudson-Plan of Sir Henry Clin

ton-Peekskill threatened-Putnam deceived-Secret

March of the Enemy through the Mountains-Forts

Montgomery and Clinton overpowered-Narrow Escape

of the Commanders-Conflagration and Explosion of the

American Frigates-Rallying Efforts of Putnam and

Governor Clinton-The Spy and the Silver Bullet--Eso-

pus burnt-Ravaging Progress of the Enemy up the

Hudson,

404

CHAP. XXII. Scarcity in the British Camp-Gates bides
his Time-Foraging Movement of Burgoyne-Battle of
the 7th October-Rout of the British and Hessians-Sit-
uation of the Baroness do Riedesel and Lady Harriet
Ackland during the Battle-Death of Gon. Fraser-His
Funeral-Night Retreat of the British-Expedition of
Lady Harriet Ackland-Desperate Situation of Bur-
goyne at Saratoga-Capitulation-Surrender-Conduct
of the American troops-Scenes in the Camp-Gallant
Courtesy of Schuyler to the Baroness de Riodesel-His
Magnanimous Conduct towards Burgoyne-Return of
the British Ships down the Hudson,

CHAP. XXIII. Washington advances to Skippack Creek

-The British Fleet in the Delaware-Foris and Ob-

structions in the River-Washington meditates an At-

tack on the British Camp-Battle of Germantown, 417

CHAP. XXIV. Washington at White Marsh-Measures

to cut off the Enemy's Supplies-The Forts on the Del-

aware reinforced-Colonel Greene of Rhode Island at

Fort Mercer-Attack and Defence of that Fort-Death of

Count Donop,

421

408

426

ments-Intrigues of the Cabal-Letters of Lovell and
Mifflin to Gates-The Works at Red Bank destroyed-
The Enemy in Possession of the Delaware,

CHAP. XXVII. Question of an Attack on Philadelphia-

General Reed at Head-Quarters - Enemy's Works re-

connoitred-Opinions in a Council of War-Exploit of

Lafayette-Receives Command of a Division-Modifica-

tion of the Board of War-Gates to preside-Letter of

Lovell-Sally Forth of General Howe-Evolutions and

Skirmishes-Conway Inspector-general-Consultation

about Winter Quarters-Dreary March to Valley Forgo

-Hutting-Washington's Vindicatory Letters-Retro-

spect of the Year,

437

430
CHAP. XXVIII. Gates on the Ascendant-The Conway
Letter Suspicions-Consequent Correspondenco be-
tween Gates and Washington-Warning Letter from Dr.
Craik-Anonymous Letters-Projected Expedition to
Canada-Lafayette, Gates, and the Board of War,

CHAP. XXIX. Gates undertakes to explain the Conway

Correspondence-Washington's Searching Analysis of

the Explanation-Close of the Correspondence-Spuri-
ous Letters published-Lafayette and the Canada Expe-
dition-His Perplexities-Counsels of Washington, 440

CHAP. XXX. More Trouble about the Conway Letter-

Correspondence between Lord Stirling and Wilkinson-

Wilkinson's Honor wounded-His Passage at Arms

with General Gates-His Seat at the Board of War un-

comfortable-Determines that Lord Stirling shall bleed

-His Wounded Honor healed-His Interviews with

Washington-Sees the Correspondence of Gates-De-

nounces Gates and gives up the Secretaryship-Is

thrown out of Employ-Closing Remarks on the Conway

Cabal,

CHAP. XXXI.

Quartermaster-general,

444

Committee of Arrangement-Reforms in

the Army-Scarcity in the Camp-The Enemy revel in

Philadelphia-Attempt to surprise Light-Horse Harry

-His Gallant Defence-Praised by Washington-Pro-

moted-Letter from General Lee-Burgoyne returns to

England-Mrs. Washington at Valley Forge-Bryan

Fairfax visits the Camp-Arrival of the Baron Steuben

-His Character-Disciplines the Army-Greene made

447

CHAP. XXXII. Fortifications of the Hudson-Project to

surprise Sir Henry Clinton-General Howe forages the

Jerseys-Ships and Stores burnt at Bordentown-Plans

for the next Campaign-Gates and Milin under Wash-

ington's Command-Downfall of Conway-Lord North's

Conciliatory Bills-Sent to Washington by Governor

Tryon-Resolves of Congress-Letter of Washington to

Tryon-Rejoicing at Valley Forge-The Mischianza, 453

CHAP. XXXIII. Lafayette detached to keep Watch on

Philadelphia-His Position at Barren Hill-Plan of Sir

Henry to entrap him- Washington alarmed for his

Safety Stratagem of the Marquis-Exchange of General

Lee and Colonel Ethan Allen-Allen at Valley Forgo-

Washington's Opinion of him-Preparations in Phila-

delphia to evacuate-Washington's Measures in Conse-

quence-Arrival of Commissioners from England--Their

Disappointment-Their Proceedings-Their Failure-

Their Manifesto,

CHAP. XXXIV. Preparations to evacuate Philadelphia

-Washington calls a Council of War-Lee opposed to

any Attack-Philadelphia evacuated-Movements in

Pursuit of Sir Henry Clinton-Another Council of War

-Conflict of Opinions-Contradictory Conduct of Leo

respecting the Command-The Battle of Monmouth

Court-House-Subsequent March of the Armies, 461

CHAP. XXXV. Correspondence between Lee and Wash-

ington relative to the Affair of Monmouth-Lee asks a

Trial by Court-martial-The Verdict-Lee's Subsequent

History,

467

CHAP. XXXVI. Arrival of a French Fleet-Correspond-

ence of Washington and the Count D'Estaing-Plans

of the Count-Perturbation at New York-Excitement

in the French Fleet-Expedition against Rhode Island-

Operations by Sea and Land-Failure of the Expedition

-Irritation between the Allied Forces--Considerate

Letter of Washington to the Count D'Estaing,

CHAP. XXXVII. Indian Warfare-Desolation of tho

Valley of Wyoming-Movements in New York-Coun-

ter Movements of Washington-Foraging Parties of the

Enemy-Baylor's Dragoons massacred at Old Tappan-

British Expedition against Little Egg Harbor-Massacro

of Pulaski's Infantry-Retaliation on Donop's Rangers

-Arrival of Admiral Byron-Endeavors to entrap

D'Estaing, but is disappointed-Expedition against St.

Lucia-Expedition against Georgia-Capture of Savan-

nah-Georgia subdued-General Lincoln sent to com-

mand in the South,

CHAP. XXXVIII. Winter Cantonments of the American
Army-Washington at Middlebrook-Plan of Alarm
Signals for the Jerseys-Lafayette's Project for an Inva-

sion of Canada-Favored by Congress-Condemned by

Washington-Relinquished-Washington in Philadel

phia-The War Spirit declining-Di-sensions in Con-

gress-Sectional Feelings-Patriotic Appeals of Wash-

ington-Plans for the next Campaign-Indian Atrocities

to be repressed-Avenging Expedition set on foot-Dis-

contents of the Jersey Troops Appeased by the Inter-

ference of Washington-Successful Campaign against

the Indians,

481

CHAP. XXXIX. Predatory Warfare of the Enemy-

Ravages in the Chesapeake-Hostilities on the Hudson

-Verplanck's Point and Stony Point taken-Capture of

New Haven-Fairfield and Norwalk destroyed-Wash-

ington plans a Counter Stroke-Storming of Stony

Point-Generous Letter of Lee,

486

CHAP. XL Expedition against Penobscot-Night Sur-

prisal of Paulus Hook-Washington fortifies West

Point-His Style of Living there-Table at Head-Quar-

ters-Sir Henry Clinton reinforced-Arrival of D'ES-

taing on the Coast of Georgia-Plans in consequence-

The French Minister at Washington's Highland Camp

-Letter to Lafayette-D'Estaing co-operates with Lin-

coln-Repulsed at Savannah-Washington reinforces

Lincoln Goes into Winter Quarters-Sir Henry Clinton

sends an Expedition to the South,

VOL. IV.

490

CHAP. IV. Evils of the Continental Currency-Military

Reforms proposed by Washington-Congress Jealous of

Military Power-Committee of Three sent to confer

with Washington-Losses by Depreciation of the Cur-

rency to be made good to the Troops-Arrival of Lafay

ette-Scheme for a Combined Attack upon New York-

Arnold has Debts and Difficulties-His Proposals to the

French Minister-Anxious to return to the Army--

Mutiny of the Connecticut Troops-Washington writes

to Reed for Aid from Pennsylvania-Good Effects of his

Letter,

507

611

516

CHAP. V. Blege of Charleston continued-British Ships

enter the Harbor-British Troops march from Savannah

-Tarleton and his Dragoons-His Brush with Colonel

Washington-Charleston reinforced by Woodford-

Tarleton's Exploits at Monk's Corner-At Laneau's
Ferry-Sir Henry Clinton reinforced-Charleston ca-
pitulates Affair of Tarleton and Buford on the Wax-
haw-Sir Henry Clinton embarks for New York,

CHAP. VI. Knyphausen marauds the Jerseys-Sacking

of Connecticut Farms-Murder of Mrs. Caldwell-Ar-

rival and Movements of Sir Henry Clinton-Springfield

Burnt-The Jerseys evacuated,

CHAP. VII. Washington applies to the State Legislatures

for Aid-Subscriptions of the Ladies of Philadelphia-

Gates appointed to command the Southern Department

-French Fleet arrives at Newport-Preparations for a

Combined Movement against New York-Arnold ob

tains Command at West Point-Greene resigns the

Office of Quartermaster-general,

CHAP. VIIL. North Carolina-Difficulties of its Invasion

-Character of the People and Country-Sumter, his

Character and Story-Rocky Mount-Hanging Rock-

Slow Advance of De Kalb-Gates takes Command-

Desolate March-Battle of Camdon-Flight of Gates-

519

vii

CHAP. IX. Treason of Arnold-His Correspondence with

the Enemy-His Negotiations with André-Parting

Sceno with Washington- Midnight Conference on the

Banks of the Hudson-Return of André by Land-Cir-

cumstances of his Capture,

530

CHAP. X. Interview of Washington with the French Of.
ficers at Hartford-Plan of Attack disconcerted-Wash-
ington's Return-Scenes at Arnold's Head-quarters in
the Highlands-Tidings of André's Capture-Flight of
Arnold-Letters from the Traitor-Washington's Pre-
cautions-Situation of Mrs. Arnold,
637

CHAP. XI. André's Conduct as a Prisoner-His Conver

sations with Colonel Tallmadge-Story of Nathan Hale

-André's Prison at Tappan-Correspondence on his

behalf-His Trial-Execution-Reward of the Captors

-Reward of Arnold-His Proclamation-After Fortunes

of Mrs. Arnold,

541

CHAP. XII. Greene takes Command at West Point-In-

sidious Attempts to shake the Confidence of Washing-

ton in his Officers-Plan to entrap Arnold-Character

of Sergeant Champe-Court of Inquiry into the Conduct

of Gates-Greene appointed to the Southern Depart-

ment-Washington's Instructions to him-Incursions

from Canada-Mohawk Valley ravaged-State of the

Army-Reforms adopted-Enlistment for the War-

Half-pay,

549

CHAP. XIII. The Marquis Lafayette and his Light-In-

fantry-Proposes a Brilliant Stroke-Preparations for an

Attack on the British Posts on New York Island-Visit

of the Marquis of Chastellux to the American Camp-

Washington at Head-quarters-Attack on the British

Posts given up-Stark forages Westchester County-

Exploit of Tallmadge on Long Island,

CHAP. XIV. Rigorous Measures of Cornwallis in South

Carolina-Ferguson sent to scour the Mountain Country

between the Catawba and the Yadkin-Cornwallis in a

Hornet's Nest-Movements of Ferguson-Mountain Men

and Fierce Men from Kentucky-Battle of King's Mou

tain-Retrograde March of Cornwallis, .

555

CHAP. XV. Marion-His Character-Bye-names-Haunts

-Tarleton in Quest of him-Sumter on the West Side

of the Santce-His Affair with Tarleton at Black Stock

Hill-Gates at Hillsborough-His Domestic Misfortunes

-Arrival of Greene-His Considerate Conduct-Gates

Retires to his Estate-Condition of the Army-Strata-

gem of Colonel Washington at Clermont-Morgan de-

tached to the District of Ninety-Six-Greene posts him-

self on the Pedee,

559

563

568

CHAP. XVI. Hostile Embarkations to the South-Arnold
in Command-Necessitous State of the Country-Wash-
ington urges a Foreign Loan-Mission of Colonel Lau-
rens in France to seek Aid in Men and Money-Griev-
auces of the Pennsylvania Line-Mutiny-Negotiations
with the Mutineers-Articles of Accommodation-Policy
doubted by Washington-Rigorous Course adopted by
him with other Malcontents-Successful-Ratification
of the Articles of Confederation of the States,

CHAP. XVII. Expedition of Arnold into Virginia-Buc-

caneering Ravages-Checked by Steuben-Arnold_at

Portsmouth-Congress resolves to form Heads of Do-

partments-Hamilton suggested by Sullivan for Depart-

ment of Finance-High Opinion of him expressed by

Washington-Misunderstanding between Hamilton and

the Commander-in-chief, .

CHAP. XVIII. Cornwallis prepares to invade North

Carolina-Tarleton sent against Morgan-Battle at Cow.

pens-Morgan pushes for the Catawba with Spoils and

Prisoners-Cornwallis endeavors to intercept him-The

Rising of the River-Cornwallis at Ramsour's Mills, 571

CHAP. XIX. Greene joins Morgan on the Catawba-

Adopts the Fabian Policy-Movement of Cornwalli- to

cross the Catawba-Affair at McGowan's Ford-Militia

surprised by Tarleton at Tarrant's Tavern-Cornwallis

checked by the Rising of the Yadkin-Contest of Skill

and Speed of the two Armies in a March to the Banks

of the Dan,.

575

CHAP. XX. Cornwallis takes Post at Hillsborough-His

Proclamation--Greene recrosses the Dan--Country

Scoured by Lee and Pickens-Affair with Colonel Pyle

-Manoeuvres of Cornwallis to bring Greene to Action-

Battle of Guilford Court-House-Greene Retreats to

Troublesome Creek-Cornwallis marches towards Cape

Fear-Greene pursues him-Is brought to a Stand at

Deep River-Determines to face about and carry the

War into South Carolina-Cornwallis Marches for Vir-

ginia,

579

CHAP. XXI. Arnold at Portsmouth, in Virginia-Expe-
ditions sent against him-Instructions to Lafayette-
Washington at Newport-Consultations with De Ro-

CHAP. XXII. Inefficient State of the Army-Maraud of

Delancey-Death of Colonel Groene-Arrival of the

Count De Barras-French Naval Force expected-In-

terview of Washington and De Rochambeau at Weath-

ersfield-Plan of Combined Operations-Financial Ar-

rangement of Robert Morris-Scheme to attack the

Works on New York Island and capture Delancey's

Corps-Encampments of American and French Armies

in Westchester County-Reconnoitring Expeditions, 591

CHAP. XXIII. Movements and Counter-movements of

Cornwallis and Lafayette in Virginia-Tarleton and his

Troopers scour the Country-A Dash at the State Legis-

lature-Attempt to surprise the Governor at Monticello

-Retreat of Jefferson to Carter's Mountain-Steuben

outwitted by Simcoe-Lafayette joined by Wayne and

Steuben-Acts on the Aggressive-Desperate Mólée of

Macpherson and Simcoe-Cornwallis pursued to James-

town Island-Mad Anthony in a Morass-His Impetuous

Valor-Alertness of Lafayette-Washington's Opinion

of the Virginia Campaign,

596

599

CHAP. XXIV. Greene's Retrograde Operation in South

Carolina-Appears before Camden-Affair at Hobkirk's

Hill-Rawdon abandons Camden-Rapid Successes of

the Americans-Greene's Attack on the Fortress of

Ninety-Six-Operations against Lord Rawdon-Greene

on the High Hills of Santee-Sumter scours the Lower

Country-Dash of Colonel Wado Hampton at the Gates

of Charleston-Exploits of Lee and Hampton-Of Cap-

tain Armstrong at Quimby Bridge-Action in the Neigh-

borhood-End of the Campaign,

CHAP. XXV. Washington disappointed as to Reinforce-

ments-French Armament destined for the Chesapeake

-Attempts on New York postponed-March of the

Armies to the Chesapeake-Stratagems to deceive the

Enemy-Arnold ravages New London-Washington at

Philadelphia-March of the two Armies through the
City-Cornwallis at Yorktown-Preparations to proceed
against him-Visit to Mount Vernon,

CHAP. XXVI. Cornwallis aroused to his Danger-His

Retreat to the Carolinas cut off-Strengthens his Works

-Action between the French and British Fleets-Wash-

ington and Do Rochambeau visit the French Fleet-Ope-

rations before Yorktown,

603

608

621

CHAP. XXVIII. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, 615

CHAP. XXIX. Dissolution of the Combined Armies-

Washington at Eltham-Death of John Parke Custis-

Washington at Mount Vernon-Correspondence about

the next Campaign-Lafayette sails for Franco-Wash-

inton stimulates Congress to Military Preparations-

Project to surprise and carry off Prince William Henry

from New York-The case of Captain Asgill,

CHAP. XXX. Washington continues his Precautions-Sir

Guy Carleton bring Pacific News-Discontents of the

Army-Extraordinary Letter from Colonel Nicola-In-

dignant Reply of Washington-Joint Letter of Sir Guy

Carleton and Admiral Digby-Junction of the Allied

Armies on the Hudson-Contemplated Reduction of the

Army,

625

627

CHAP. XXXI. Discontents of the Army at Nowburg
Memorial of the Officers to Congress-Anonymous
pers circulated in the Camp-Meeting of Officers called
-Address of Washington-Resolutions in Consequence
-Lotters of Washington to the President-His Opinion
of the Anonymous Addresses and their Author,

CHAP. XXXII. News of Peace-Letter of Washington in

Behalf of the Army-Cessation of Hostilities proclaimed

-Order of the Cincinnati formed-Letter of Washing.

ton to the State Governors-Mutiny in the Pennsylvania

Line-Letter of Washington on the Subject-Tour to the

Northern Posts,

631

and Dr. Craik to the West-Ideas of Internal Improve-

ment-Parting with Lafayette,

639

CHAP. XXXV. Scheme of Inland Navigation-Shares of

Stock offered to Washington-Declined-Rural Improve-

ments-The Tax of Letter-writing-The Tax of Sitting

for Likenesses-Ornamental Gardening-Management

of the Estate-Domestic Life-Visit of Mr. Watson-

Reverential Awe inspired by Washington-Irksome to

him-Instances of his Festive Gayety-Of his Laughing

-Passion for Hunting revived-Death of Gen. Greene-

His Character-Washington's Regrets and Encomiums

-Letters to the French Noblemen,

644

CHAP. XXXVI. Washington doubts the Solidity of the

Confederation-Correspondence with John Jay on the

Subject-Plan of a Convention of all the States to revise

the Federal System-Washington heads the Virginia

Delegation-Insurrection in Massachusetts-The Con-

vention- A Federal Constitution organized-Rati-

fied,

CHAP. XXXVII. Washington talked of for the Presi

dency-His Letters on the Subject expressing his Reluc-

tance-His Election-His Progress to the Seat of Gov-

ernment-His Reception at New York-The Inaugura-

tion,

657

CHAP. II. Washington's Privacy beset with Visits of

Compliment-Queries as to the proper Line of Conduct

in his Presidential Intercourse-Opinions of Adams and

Hamilton-Jefferson as to the Authors of the Minor

Forms and Ceremonies-His whimsical Anecdote of the

first Levee-Inaugural Ball,

667

CHAP. III. Journey of Mrs. Washington to New York-

Honors paid her in her Progross-Receptions at the Seat

of Government-The President's Equipage,

CHAP. IV. Alarming Illness of the President-The Sen-

ate rejects one of his Nominations-His sonsitive Vindi-

cation of it-Death of his Mother-Her Character-Tho

Executive Departments instituted-Selection of Officers

for the Treasury and War Departments-Hamilton in-

structed to report a Financial Plan at the next Session

of Congress-Arrangement of the Judiciary Department

-Edmund Randolph-Adjournment of Congress-Its

Character, by Fisher Ames,

671

CHAP. V. The Department of State still without a Head

-Sketch of Jefferson's Character and Opinions-Deeply

immersed in French Politics at Paris-Gouverneur Mor-

ris abroad-Contrast of his and Jefferson's Views on the

French Crisis--News of the French Revolution in Amer-

ica-Popular Excitement-Washington's cautious Opin-

ion on the Subject-Hamilton's apprehensive View-

Jefferson offered a Place in the Cabinet as Secretary of

State,

673

CHAP. VIII. Reassembling of Congress-Financial Con-

dition of the Country-Its Debt at Home and Abroad-

Debts of the States-Hamilto:.'s Report-Opposition to

it-Dr. Stuart's warning Letter to Washington-His

Reply Jefferson's arrival at the Seat of Government-

New York at that Period-Jofferson apprehends Monar-

chical Designs,

680

CHAP. IX. The Assumption of the State Dobts discussed

-Washington in Favor-A Majority of Two against it-

Hamilton's Appeal to Jefferson on the Subject-The lat-

tor arranges for a Compromise-His Account of it-Ad-

justment about the Seat of Government-Assumption

carried-Treaty of Penco with the Crcoks-Cavillings

about Presidential Etiquette-Washington's Defenco-

Adjournment of Congress-Fancied Harmony of the

Cabinet-Jefferson suspects Hamilton of Finesse in pro-

curing his Agency in the Assumption,

684

CHAP. X. Lafayette at the Head of the Revolution in
France-Hls Letter to Washington-Gouverneur Mor-