ington recrosses the Delaware with his Troops-The Game reversed-The Hessians hunted back through the Country-Washington made Military Dictator, 320 CHAP. XLVI, Howe hears of the Affair at Trenton- Cornwallis sent back to the Jerseys-Reconnoitring Ex- pedition of Reed-His Exploits-Washington in Peril at Trenton-Reinforced by Troops under Cadwalader and Mifflin-Position of his Men-Cornwallis at Trenton-Re- pulsed at the Assunpink-The American Camp menaced -Night March of Washington-Affair at Princeton- Death of Mercer-Rout of British Troops-Pursued by Washington-Cornwallis at Princeton-Baffled and Per- 322 329 CHAPTER I. Burke on the State of Affairs in America- CHAP. II. Negotiations for Exchange of Prisoners-Case of Colonel Ethan Allen-Of General Lee-Correspond- ence of Washington with Sir William Howe about Exchanges of Prisoners-Referees appointed - Letters of Lee from New York-Case of Colonel Campbell- Washington's Advice to Congress on the Subject of Re- taliation-His Correspondence with Lord Howe about the Treatment of Prisoners-The Horrors of the Jersey Prison-Ship and the Sugar-House, CHAP. III. Exertions to form a New Army-Calls on the Different States-Insufficiency of the Militia-Wash- ington's Care for the Yeomanry-Dangers in the North- ern Department-Winter Attack on Ticonderoga ap- prehended-Exertions to reinforce Schuyler-Precarious State of Washington's Army-Conjectures as to the Designs of the Enemy-Expedition of the British CHAP. IV. Schuyler's Affairs in the Northern Depart- CHAP. V. Foreign Officers Candidates for Situations in Guards-Arnold Omitted in the Army Promotions- Washington takes his part-British Expedition against Danbury-Destruction of American Stores-Connecticut Yeomanry in Arms-Skirmish at Ridgefield-Death of General Wooster--Gallant Services of Arnold--Re- CHAP. VI. Schuyler on the Point of Resigning-Com- mittee of Inquiry Report in his Favor-His Memorial to Congress proves Satisfactory - Discussions regarding the Northern Departinent-Gates mistaken as to his Position-He prompts his Friends in Congress-His Petulant Letter to Washington-Dignified Reply of the Latter-Position of Gates defined-Schuyler reinstated CHAP. VIII. Feigned Movements of Sir William Howe- Baffling Caution of Washington-Rumored Inroads from the North-Schuyler applies for Reinforcements-Re- newed Schemes of Howe to draw Washington from his Stronghold-Skirmish between Cornwallis and Lord Stirling-The Eremy evacuate the Jerseys-Perplexity CHAP. IX. British Invasion from Canada-The Plan- Composition of the Invading Army-Schuyler on the Alert-His Speculations as to the Enemy's Designs- Burgoyne on Lake Champlain-His War-Speech to his Indian Allies-Signs of his Approach descried from CHAP. X. Particulars of the Evacuation-Indian Scouts in the Vicinity of the Forts-Outposts abandoned by St. Clair-Burgoyne secures Mount Hope-Invests the For- tress-Seizes and occupies Sugar Hill-The Forts over- looked and in Imminent Peril-Determination to evacu- ate-Plan of Retreat-Part of the Garrison depart for Skenesborough in the Flotilla-St. Clair crosses with the rest to Fort Independence-A Conflagration reveals his Retreat-The British Camp aroused-Fraser pursues St. Clair-Burgoyne with his Squadron makes after the Flo- tilla-Part of the Fugitives overtaken-Flight of the Re- mainder to Fort Anne-Skirmish of Colonel Long-Re- treat to Fort Edward-St. Clair at Castleton-Attack of his Rear-Guard-Fall of Colonel Francis-Desertion of Colonel Hale-St. Clair reaches Fort Edward-Conster- nation of the Country-Exultation of the British, 362 CHAP. XI. Capture of General Prescott-Proffered in Exchange for Lee-Reinforcements to Schuyler-Arnold set to the North-Eastern Militia to repair to Saratoga -Further Reinforcements-Generals Lincoln and Arnold recommended for Particular Services-Washington's Measures and Suggestions for the Northern Compaign- British Fleet puts to Sea-Conjectures as to its Destina- tion-A Feigned Letter-Appearance and Disappearance of the Fleet-Orders and Counter Orders of Washington -Encamps at Germantown-Anxiety for the Security of the Highlands-George Clinton on Guard-Call ou CHAP. XII. Gates on the Alert for a Command-Schuy- ler undermined in Congress-Put on his Guard-Courts a Scrutiny, but not before an expected Engagement- Summoned with St. Clair to Head-Quarters-Gates ap- pointed to the Northern Department-Washington's Speculations on the Successes of Burgoyne-Ill-judged CHAP. XIII. Washington's Perplexities about the British Fleet-Putnam and Governor Clinton put on the Alert in the Highlands-Morgan and his Riflemen sent to the North-Washington at Philadelphia-His first Interview with Lafayette-Intelligence about the Fleet-Explana- tions of its Movements-Review of the Army-Lafay ette mistakes the nature of his Commission-His Alli- ance with Washington-March of the Army through Philadelphia-Encampment at Wilmington, CHAP. XIV. Burgoyne at Skenesborough-Prepares to move towards the Hudson-Major Skene the Royalist- Slow March to Fort Anne-Schuyler at Fort Miller- Painted Warriors-Langdale-St. Luc-Honor of the Tomahawk-Tragical Story of Miss McCrea-Its Re- sults-Burgoyne advances to Fort Edward-Schuyler against Bennington-Germans and their Indian Allies- CHAP. XVII. Stratagem of Arnold to relieve Fort Stan- wix-Yan Yost Cuyler-The Siege pressed-Indians intractable-Success of Arnold's Stratagem-Harassed Retreat of St. Leger-Moral Effect of the two Blows given to the Enemy-Brightening Prospects in the American Camp-Arrival of Gates-Magnanimous Con- duct of Schuyler-Poorly requited by Gates-Corre- spondence between Gates and Burgoyne concerning the CHAP. XVIII. Landing of Howe's Army on Elk River- Measures to check it-Exposed S tuation of Washing- ton in Reconno tring-Alarm of the Country-Procla- mation of Howe-Arrival of Sullivan-Foreign Officers in Camp-Deborre-Conway-Fleury-Count Pulaski- First Appearance in the Army of "Light-Horse Harry" of Virginia-Washingto's Appeal to the Army-Move- ments of the Rival Forces-Battle of the Brandywine- Retreat of the Americans-Halt in Chester-Scenes in Philadelphia during the Battle-Congress orders out Militia-Clothes Washington with Extraordinary Pow- ers-Removes to Lancaster-Rewards to Foreign Of CHAP. XIX. General Howe neglects to pursue his Ad- vantage- -Washington retreats to Germantown - Re- crosses the Schuylkill and prepares for another Action- Prevented by Storms of Rain-Retreats to French Creek -Wayne detached to fall on the Enemy's Rear- His Pickets surpr sed- Massacre of Smallwood's Men- Manoeuvres of Howe on the Schuylkill-Washington sends for Reinforcements-Howe marches into Phila- CHAP. XX. Dubious Position of Burgoyne-Collects his Forces-Ladies of Distinction in his Camp-Lady Har- ret Ackland-The Baroness de Riedesel-American Army reinforced-S lent Movements of Burgoyne- Watched from the Summit of the Hills-His March along the Hudson-Position of the two Camps-Battle o the 19th Sept.-Burgoyne encamps nearer-Fortifies his Camp-Promised Co-operation by Sir Henry Clinton -Determines to await it-Quarrel between Gates and 398 CHAP. XXI. Preparations of Sir Henry Clinton-State of the Highland Defences-Putnam alarmed--Adva..ce of the Armament up the Hudso: - Plan of Sr Henry Clin ton-Peekskill threatened-Putnam deceived-Secret March of the Enemy through the Mountains-Forts Montgomery and Clinton overpowered-Narrow Escape of the Commanders-Co flagration and Explosion of the American Frigates-Rallying Efforts of Putnam and Governor Clinton-The Spy and the Silver Bullet--Eso- CHAP. XXII. Scarcity in the British Camp--Gates bides CHAP. XXV. De Kalb commissioned Major General- Pretensios of Conway-Thwarted by Washington- Conway Cabal-Gates remiss in Correspondence-Dil- atory in forwarding Troops - Mission of Hamilton to Gates-Wilkin on Bearer of Despatches to Con- gress-A Tardy Traveller-Ilis Reward-Conway Cor- respondence detected-Washington's Apology for his CHAP. XXVI. Further Hostilities on the Delaware-Fort 423 426 ments-Intrigues of the Cabal-Letters of Lovell and 430 CHAP. XXXII. Fortifications of the Hudson-Project to CHAP. XXXVI. Arrival of a French Fleet-Correspond- 477 CHAP. XXXVIII. Winter Cantonments of the American CONTENTS. sion of Canada-Favored by Congress-Condemned by Washington-Relinquished-Washington in Philadel phia-The War Spirit declining-Dissensions in Cou- gress-Sectional Feelings-Patriotic Appeals of Wash- ington-Plans for the next Campaign-Indian Atrocities to be repressed-Avenging Expedition set on foot-Dis- contents of the Jersey Troops-Appeased by the Inter- ference of Washington-Successful Campaign agai, st CHAP. XXXIX. Predatory Warfare of the Enemy- 486 CHAP. III. South Carolina threatened-Its Condition and Population-Stormy Voyage of Sir Henry Clinton-Loss of Horses-Character of Lieutenant-colo el Tarleto.- Fleet arrives at Tybee-Sir Henry Clinton advances upon Charleston-Lincoln prepares for Defence-Com- modore Whipple-Governor Rutlege-Forebodings of Washington-Embarkation of British Troops at New York-Washington sends De Kalb with Reinforcements -His Hopeful Letter to Steuben, CHAP IV. Evils of the Continental Currency-Military Reforms proposed by Washington-Congress Jealous of Military Power-Committee of Three sent to confer with Washington-Losses by Depreciation of the Cur- rency to be made good to the Troops-Arrival of Lafay ette-Scheme for a Combined Attack upon New York- Arnold has Debts and Difficulties-His Proposals to the French Minister-Axious to return to the Army- Mutiny of the Connecticut Troops-Washington writes to Reed for Aid from Pennsylvania-Good Effects of his CHAP. V. Siege of Charleston continued-British Ships 511 CHAP. X. Interview of Washington with the French Of- CHAP. XI. André's Conduct as a Prisoner-His Conver- CHAP. XII. Greene takes Command at West Point-In- sidious Attempts to shake the Confide ce of Washing- ton in his Officers-Plan to ertrap Arnold-Character of Sergeant Champe-Court of Inquiry into the Conduct of Gates-Greene appointed to the Southern Depart- ment-Washington's Instructions to him-Incursions from Canada-Mohawk Valley ravaged-State of the CHAP. XIII. The Marquis Lafayette and his Light-In- £52 CHAP. XIV. Rigorous Measures of Cornwallis in South CHAP. XVI. Hostile Embarkations to the South-Arnold CHAP. XVII. Expedition of Arnold into Virginia-Buc- caneering Ravages-Checked by Steuben-Arnold at Portsmouth-Congress resolves to form Heads of De. partments-Hamilton suggested by Sullivan for Depart- ment of Finance-High Opinion of him expressed by CHAP. XVIII. Cornwallis prepares to invade North Carolina-Tarleton sent against Morgan-Battle at Cow- pens-Morgan pushes for the Catawba with Spoils and Prisoners-Cornwallis endeavors to intercept him-The Rising of the River-Cornwallis at Ramsour's Mills, 571 CHAP. XIX. Greene joins Morgan on the Catawba- Adopts the Fabian Policy-Movement of Cornwalli to cross the Catawba-Affair at McGowan's Ford-Militia surprised by Tarleton at Tarrant's Tavern-Cornwallis checked by the Rising of the Yadkin-Contest of Skill and Speed of the two Armies in a March to the Banks CHAP. XX. Cornwallis takes Post at Hillsborough-His CHAP. XXII. Inefficient State of the Army-Maraud of CHAP. XXIII. Movements and Counter-movements of Cornwallis and Lafayette in Virginia-Tarleton and his Troopers scour the Country-A Dash at the State Legis- lature-Attempt to surprise the Governor at Monticello -Retreat of Jefferson to Carter's Mountain-Steuben outwitted by Simcoe--Lafayette joined by Wayne and Steuben-Acts on the Aggressive-Desperate Mélée of Macpherson and Simcoe-Cornwallis pursued to James- town Island-Mad Anthony in a Morass-His Impetuous 599 CHAP. XXIV. Greene's Retrograde Operation in South Carolina-Appears before Camden-Affair at Hobkirk's Hill-Rawdon abandons Camden-Rapid Successes of the Americans-Greene's Attack on the Fortress of Ninety-Six-Operations against Lord Rawdon-Greene on the High Hills of Santee-Sumter scours the Lower Country-Dash of Colonel Wade Hampton at the Gates of Charleston-Explo ts of Lee and Hampton-Of Cap. tain Armstrong at Quimby Bridge-Action in the Neigh- CHAP. XXV. Washington disappointed as to Reinforce- ments-French Armament destined for the Chesapeake -Attempts on New York postponed-March of the Armies to the Chesapeake-Stratagems to deceive the Enemy-Arnold ravages New London-Washington at Philadelphia-March of the two Armies through the City-Cornwallis at Yorktown-Preparations to proceed against him-Visit to Mount Vernou, CHAP. XXVI. Cornwallis aroused to his Danger-His Retreat to the Carolinas cut off-Strengthens his Works -Action between the French and British Fleets-Wash- CHAP. XXVII. Greene on the High Hills of Santee-The Enemy harassed-Greene marches against Stuart-Bat- CHAP. XXVIII. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, 615 CHAP. XXIX. Dissolution of the Combined Armies- Washington at Eltham-Death of John Parke Custis- Washington at Mount Vernon-Correspondence about the next Campaign-Lafayette sails for France-Wash- inton stimulates Congress to Military Preparations- Project to surprise and carry off Prince William Henry from New York-The case of Captain Asgill, CHAP. XXX. Washington continues his Precautions-Sir Guy Carleton bring Pacific News-Disconte..ts of the Army-Extraordinary Letter from Colonel Nicola-In- dignant Reply of Washington-Joint Letter of Sir Guy Carleton and Admiral Digby-Junction of the Allied 625 - 627 CHAP. XXXI. Discontents of the Army at Newburg- CHAP. XXXII. News of Peace-Letter of Washington in Behalf of the Army-Cessation of Hostilities proclaimed -Order of the Cincinnati formed-Letter of Washing. ton to the State Governors-Mutiny in the Pennsylvania and Dr. Craik to the West-Ideas of Internal Improve- 644 CHAP. XXXVI. Washington doubts the Solidity of the Confederation-Correspondence with John Jay on the Subject--Plan of a Convention of all the States to revise the Federal System--Washington heads the Virginia Delegation--Insurrection in Massachusetts-The Con- vention A Federal Constitution organized-Rati- CHAP. XXXVII. Washington talked of for the Presi- dency-His Letters on the Subject expressing his Reluc- tane-His Election-His Progress to the Seat of Gov- CHAP. III. Journey of Mrs. Washington to New York- Honors paid her in her Progress-Receptions at the Seat of Government-The President's Equipage, CHAP. IV. Alarming Illness of the President-The Sen- ate rejects one of his Nominations-His sensitive Vi di- cation of it-Death of his Mother-Her Character-The Executive Departments instituted-Selection of Officers for the Treasury and War Departments-Hamilton in structed to report a Financial Plan at the ext Session of Congress-Arrangement of the Judiciary Department CHAP. IX. The Assumption of the State Debts discussed CHAP. X. Lafayette at the Head of the Revolution in ris's Opinion of his Position-Washington's dubious and 688 690 CHAP. XII. Congress reassembles at Philadelphia-Resi 692 694 698 CHAP. XVI. Jefferson's Suspicions-Contemned by Ham- 709 ix mination communicated to Genet-The Vessel sails in 716 CHAP. XXII. Threatened Dissolution of the Cabinet- CHAP. XXIII. Neutrality endangered by Great Brit CHAP. XXIV. Debate on Jefferson's Report on Com- CHAP. XXVI. Washington's Denunciation of Self-created CHAP. XXXI. Washington at Mount Vernon-Influx of |