comparison with the previous year $74,797,914. The sources of the income comprised in gross earnings from operation during the year were: Passenger revenue, $266,562,533; increase, $14,316,353; mail, $32,379,819; increase, $1,410,073; express, $24,880,383; increase $595,875; other earnings, passenger service, $6,691,279; increase, $576,493; freight revenue, $786,615,837; increase, $56,622,375; other earnings, freight service, $3,885,890; decrease $254,960; unclassified, $579,398. The expenses of operation for the year covered by the report were $772,989,044, being greater by $47,268,629 than the preceding year. The operating expenses were assigned as follows: Maintenance of way and structures, $160,344,950; increase, $16,368,606; maintenance of equipment, $133,381,998; inciease. $19,593,289; conducting transportation, $442,217,582; increase, $11,068,619; general expenses, $36,083,285; increase, $176,268; unclassified, $961,229. A comparative summary giving a detailed analysis of operating expenses for 1896 and 1895 appears in the report. The income from operation-that is, the amount of gross earnings remaining after the deduction of operating expenses-was $377,180,332, which exceeds the corresponding item for 1895 by $27.529,285. The income from other sources, mainly from leases and investments, was $129,024,731, which, added to the income from operation, makes a total income of $506,205,063. The total deductions from income were $416,573,137, so that the net income out of which dividends and surplus were declared was $89,631,926. This amount is $33,515,667 larger than the corresponding one for the previous year. The dividends declared were $87,603,371, leaving a surplus of $1,534,169, after the satisfaction of adjustment claims amounting to $494,386. This small amount of surplus, however, shows an improvement, since the results of railway operations during the years 1895 and 1894 showed deficits of $29,845,241 and $45,851,294, respectively. An analysis of the total deductions from income, $416,573, 137, shows that they were composed of the following items: Salaries and maintenance of organization, $545,468; interest on funded debt, $249,624,177; interest on interest-bearing current liabilities, $8,469,063; rents paid for lease of road, $92,972,322; taxes, $39,970,791; permanent improvements, $5,162,240; other deductions, $19,829,076. RAILWAY ACCIDENTS. The statistics submitted show that the number of railway employes killed during the year ended June 30, 1896, was 1,861, and the number injured was 29,969. These figures indicate an increase of 50 in the number killed and of 4,273 in the number injured as compared with the preceding year. The number of passengers killed was 181, and the number of passengers injured 2,873, being an increase of 11 in the number killed and of 498 in the number injured. The number of persons other than employes and passengers killed was 4,406, and the number injured 5,845. These figures include casualties to persons reported as trespassers, of whom 3,811 were killed and 4,468 were injured. From summaries showing the ratio of casualties it is found that for every 444 men employed on railways 1 was killed, and for every 28 men employed 1 was injured. A similar comparison as to trainmen shows that 1 trainman was killed for each 152 trainmen employed, and that 1 trainman was injured for each 10 trainmen employed. The number of passengers carried for 1 passenger killed was 2,827,474, and the number of passengers carried for 1 passenger injured was 178,132. As showing in another way the immunity of passengers from accidents, the report gives ratios based upon the number of miles traveled, from which it appears that 72,093,963 passenger-miles were accomplished for every passenger killed, and 4,541,945 passengermiles for every passenger injured. THE COMMERCIAL NAVIES OF THE WORLD--1896. The latest edition of the "Repertoire Generale de la Marine Marchande," published by the Bureau Veritas, contains the usual general summary of the steamships belonging to the different maritime nations and measuring 100 tons gross and upward, as also the accustomed list of sailing vessels measuring fifty tons net and upward, and likewise à list of the smaller vessels which are classed in the Veritas Register. The following table shows the number of steamers of over 100 tons and the collective gross tonnage belonging to the sixteen principal maritime nations--that is. whose aggregate gross steam tonnage surpasses 100,000 tons: Besides the steam tonnage set forth in the foregoing table there are 2,667 small steamers (below 100 tons), measuring altogether 415,069 tons gross. The number of existing steamers whose measurement is between 5,000 and 6,000 tons is 131; between 6,000 and 8,000 tons, 59; those over 8,000 tons, 25, and of these eight are of more than 10,000 tonnage, viz., the Campania, Friedrich der Grosse, Georgic, Lucania, New York, Paris, St. Louis and St. Paul. The general total of the steamers of over 100 tons is given in the Repertoire as 11,155, representing 17,089,596 tons gross and 10,761,025 tons net. The sailing tonnage is divided among the principal maritime nations as follows, thirteen nations possessing sailing tonnage of over 100,000 tons: 831 France 532 933,244 494,612 Norway 344,523 Germany 254,269 France Greece 107 144,975 Spain 139,305 Denmark 66 642 139,640 *Gold the nominal standard. Silver practically the standard. Silver the nominal standard. Paper the actual currency, the depreciation of which is measured by the gold standard. The "British dollar" has the same legal value as the Mexican dollar in Hongkong, the Straits settlements and Labaun. The law of February 11, 1895, introduced the gold standard, with an ideal gold pese weighing .599 grams as the monetary unit. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT EACH CENSUS, FROM 1850 TO 1890. NOTE. The narrow column under each census year shows the order of the states and territories when arranged according to magnitude of population. Population of Alaska and Indian Territory not yet reported. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT EACH CENSUS, FROM 1790 TO 1840. NOTE.-The narrow column under each census year shows the order of the states and territories when arranged according to magnitude of population. Population of Alaska and Indian Territory not yet reported. 250 YEAR. FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL STATISTICS OF THE U. S. FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL STATISTICS OF THE UNITED STATES. $0.52 $0.03 $1.50 $0.32 $0.38 $2.53 $5.17 $4.55 $9.33 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 .60 .04 1.30 .41 .531 .08 1.11 .58 .54 .06 .89 .71 1.37 .10 .86 86 .16 182* 35 .76 $4.65 3.75 38.53 26.88 4.49 3.51 40.62 28.20 4.47 3.22 44.74 30.19 4.53 2.77 42.89 26.68 4.96 2.67 42.75 27.13 4.47 2.73 44.87 28.97 3.96 3.64 43.48 29.07 3.23 3.78 43.20 29.75 3.22 $4.31 $48.63$46.49 .53 1.51 4.19 4.59 10.45 4.68 47.22 44.65 2.99 .68 1.51 4.79 3.92 11.06 4.96 47.08 42.23 3.20 .54 2.49 3.62 5.30 12.65 5.12 43.95 38.94 3.18 .34 1.97 3.22 4.36 13.80 5.23 41.35 37.00 3.21 .52 2.03 2.75 4.69 15.91 4.44 38.07 26.5 3.76 .66 1.56 2.39 4.40 13.26 .48 2.10 3.52 3.89 11.97 .35 1.25 2.59 3.38 10.29 .88 1.21 2.56 2.99 9.49 951 .63 .71 2.32 2.96 9.21 .84 .42 .51 2.32 3.10 8.99 .78 1.85 .34 2.47 2.95 12.51 .38 2.64 3.20 12.68 .94 2.79 2.80 13.64 .59 2.69 3.06 13.05 3.47 12.16 .77 .75 2.00 3.42 10.32 .56 .61 .89 .67 1.26 2.03 3.06 10.89 .60 .56 .91 1.03 .61 2.02 3.22 11 65 .57 .55 .99 .99 .76 2.07 2.92 11.88 .53 1.05 .47 1.58 2.13 2.88 12.10 .52 1.13 .54 .83 2.28 2.65 12.35 3.62 44.41 29.12 2.98 .52 1.18 .57 1.70 2.28 2.75 13.36 3.39 46.28 25.25 3.17 .50 1.15 1.07 1.27 3.35 2.52 12.44 2.66 48.71 21.26 3.75 .54 1.16 .67 2.24 2.41 2.57 12.64 2.97 49.58 23.49 3.32 .53 1.14 1.24 1.87 2.15 2.55 9.32 1.90 50.06 20.25 5.15 .56 1.14 .81 1.63 2.06 2.62 10.48 2.14 41.75 20.23 4.43 2.06 2.62 10.66 2.20 40.18 20.67 4.52 4.12 42.66 30.11 2.95 3.92 42.45 29.92 3.07 3.47 41.61 28.44 3.44 3.17 45.86 30.59 3.58 3.30 45.55 30.13 3.33 3.65 47.10 31.02 3.16 3.60 45.63 29.99 3.27 3.60 45.13 29.50 3.14 |