206 G. B. AND PERSIA-MADAGASCAR. Ş Tehran, Nov. 25, 1814. No. 39. Definitive Treaty of Friendship between Great Britain and Persia. No. 40. Treaty between Great Britain and Madagascar. Signed at Tamatave, 23d October, 1817. Robert Townsend Farquhar, Esq. Governor and Commander in Chief, Captain General, Vice-Admiral of the Island of Mauritius and its dependencies: By His Commissioners, Captain Stanfell of the Royal Navy, commanding His Majesty's ship Phæton and T. R. Pye, Esq. Assistant-Agent for His Excellency's Government at Madagascar, who are vested with fuli Powers, and Radama, King of Madagascar and its dependencies, by His Commissioners Ratzalika, Rampoole Ramanou and Raciahato-representing the said Radama, and with full Powers from His Majesty Have agreed upon the following Articles and Conditions: I. It is agreed by the Parties to these presents, respectively, that the mutual confidence, friendship, and brotherhood, which are hereby acknowledged to subsist between the Contracting Parties, shali be maintained and perpetuated for ever. II. It is agreed, and the two Contracting Parties hereby covenant and agree that, from the date of this Treaty, there shall be an entire cessation and extinction through all the Dominions of King Radama, and wherever his influence can extend, of the sale or transfer of slaves, or other persons whatever; to be removed from off he soil of Madagascar into any country, island, or dominion of any other Prince, Poteutate, or Power whatever; and that Radama, King of Madagascar, will make a proclaination and a law prohibiting all his subjects, or persons depending on him or his dominious, to sell any slave to be transported from Madagascar, or to aid or abet, or assist, in any such sale, under penalty that any person so offending shall be reduced to slavery himself. Ill. And in consideration of this concession on the part of Radama, the King of Madagascar and His nation, and in full satisfaction for the same, and for the loss of revenue thereby incurred by Radama, King of Madagascar, the Commissioners on the part of His Excellency the Governor of Mauritius, do engage to pay Radama, yearly, the following articles: One thousand dollars in gold. One thousand dollars in silver. One hundred bls. of Powder of 100 lbs. each. accoutrements. Ten thousand flints Four hundred red jackets. Four hundred shirts. Four hundred pair of trowsers. Four hundred pair of shoes. Four hundred soldiers' caps. Four hundred stocks. Twelve serjeants' swords, regulation, with belts. Two hundred pieces of blue cloth. India. A full-dress coat, hat, and boots, all complete, upon a certificate being received, that the said laws and regulations and proclamations have been enforced the preceding quarter; which certificate shall be signed by Radama, and countersigned by the agent of His Excellency Governor Farquhar, resident at the Court of Radama. IV. And further, it is agreed by the Contracting Parties mutually to protect the faithful friend and Ally of England, the King of Johanna, from the predatory attacks to which he has been for many years annually exposed from some of the smaller States of the sea-coast of Madagascar; and to use every means in their power, by their subjects, allies, and dependents, to put a fiual end to this system of piracy; and for this purpose, proclamations shall be made by Radama and the Governor of Mauritius, prohibiting all persons whatever from engaging in this piraoy; and these proclamations shall be particularly distributed in the ports and on the sea-coast of Madagascar. ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. The Contracting Parties agree in considering this Treaty as provisional, until ratified and confirmed by His Majesty's Ministers on the part of the King of Great Britain,-which Ratification will be forwarded, without loss of time, to the King of Madagascar (Radama) by His Ambassador to that Court. This formality, however, is not to prevent the stipulations of the Treaty from being carried into full and complete effect from the date hereof. Done at Tamatave, Island of Madagascar, October 23, 1817. Signed FRANCIS STANFELL, Captain H. M. S. Phaton, Senior Naval Officer and Commissioner. RATZALIKA for RADAMA. RAMALAZA, as Witness. THOS. R. PYE, Agent of the British Government and Commissioner. No. 41. Treaty between Great Britain and the Sublime Porte. Concluded at the Dardanelles, the 5th of January, 1809. In the Name of the Most Merciful God. The object of this faithful and authentic Instrument is as follows:Notwithstanding the appearances of a misunderstanding between the Court of Great Britain and the Sublime Ottoman Porte, consequent upon the occurrences of the moment, the two Powers, equally animated with a sincere desire of re-establishing the ancient friendship which subsisted between them, have named their Plenipotentiaries for that purpose, that is to say, His Most August and Most Honored Majesty George the Third, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, has named for His Plenipotentiary, Robert Adair, Esq. one of the Members of the Royal Parliament of Great Britain; and His Majesty the Most Noble, Most Powerful, and Most Magnificent Sultan Mahomet Han II. Emperor of the Ottomans has named for His Plenipotentiary, Seyde, Mehmed-Emin Vahid Effendi, Director and Inspector of the department called "Mercoufat;" and invested with the rank of "Nichangi," of the Imperial Divan; who, having reciprocally communicated to each other their full Powers, after several conferences and discussions, have concluded the peace equally desired by both Powers, and have agreed upon the following Articles: 1. From the moment of signing the present Treaty, every act of hostility between England and Turkey shall cease; and in furtherance of this happy peace, the prisoners on both sides shall be exchanged without distinction, in thirty-one days from the signature of this Treaty, or sooner if possible. II. Should any fortresses belonging to the Sublime Porte be in the possession of Great Britain, they shall be restored to the Sublime Porte, and given up, with all the cannons, warlike stores, and other effects, in the condition in which they were found at the time of their being occupied by England, and this restitution shall be made in the space of thirty-one days from the signature of the present Treaty. III. Should there be any effects and property belonging to English merchants under sequestration, within the jurisdiction of the Sublime Porte, the same shall be entirely given up, and restored to the proprietors; and in like manner should there be any effects, property, and vessels, belonging to merchants, subjects of the Sublime Porte, under sequestration at Malta, or in any other islands and possessions of His Britannic Majesty, they also shall be entirely given up and restored to their proprietors. IV. The Treaty of Capitulations agreed upon in the Turkish year 1086, (A. D. 1675) in the middle of the month Gemmaziel Akir, as also the Act relating to the Commerce of the Black Sea,* and the other privileges (Imtiazat) equally established by Acts at subsequent periods, shall continue to be observed and maintained as if they had suffered no interruption. V. In return for the indulgence and good treatment afforded by the Sublime Porte to English merchants, with respect to their goods and property, as well as in all matters tending to facilitate their commerce, England shall reciprocally extend every indulgence and friendly treatment to the flag, subjects, and merchants of the Sublime Porte, which may hereafter frequent the Dominions of His Britannic Majesty for the purposes of commerce. VI. The last custom-house tariff established at Constantinople, at the ancient rate of 3 per cent. and particularly the Article relating to the interior commerce shall continue to be observed, as they are at present regulated and to which England promises to conform. VII. Ambassadors from His Majesty the King of Great Britain shall enjoy all the honors enjoyed by Ambassadors to the Sublime Porte from other nations; and Ambassadors from the Sublime Porte at the Court of London shall reciprocally enjoy all the honors granted to the Ambassadors from Great Britain. VIII. Consuls (Shahbenders) may be, appointed at Malta, and in the Dominions of His Britannic Majesty where it shall be necessary to manage and superintend the affairs and interests of merchants of the Sublime Porte, and similar privileges and immunities to those granted to English Consuls resident in the Ottoman Dominions, shall be duly afforded to the " Shahbenders” of the Sublime Porte. IX. English Ambassadors and Consuls may supply themselves, according to custom, with such Dragomen as they shall stand in need of, but as it has already been mutually agreed upon, that the Sublime Porte shall not grant the "Barat" of Dragoman in favor of individuals who do not execute that duty in the place of their destination, it is settled, in conformity with this principle, that in future, the "Barat" shall not be granted to any person of the class of tradesmen or banker, nor to any shopkeeper or manufacturer in the public markets, or to one who is engaged in any matters of this description; nor shall English Consuls be named from among the subjects of the Sublime Porte. X. English patents of protection shall not be granted to dependants, or merchants who are subjects of the Sublime Porte, nor shall any passport be dePermission granting the Navigation of the Black Sea, by English merchant vessels, entering through the Straights of Constantinople. livered to such persons on the part of Ambassadors or Consuls, without permission previously obtained from the sublime Porte. XI. As ships of war have at all times been prohibited from entering the canal of Constantinople, viz. in the straits of the Dardanelles and of the Black Sea; and as this ancient regulation of the Ottoman Empire is in future to be observed by every Power in time of Peace, the Court of Great Britain promises on its part to conform to this principle. XII. The ratifications of the present Treaty of Peace between the high Contracting Parties shall be exchanged at Constantinople in the space of ninety-one days from the date of this Treaty, or sooner if possible. In faith of which and in order that the ratification of the twelve Articles of this Treaty (which has been happily concluded, by the assistance of God, and in the sincerity and good faith of the Two Parties) may be exchanged. I, Plenipotentiary of the Sublime Porte, have, in virtue of my full Powers. signed and sealed this Instrument, which I have delivered to the Plenipotentiary of His Britannic Majesty, in exchange for another Instrument exactly conformable thereto, written in the French language, with a translation thereof, which has been delivered to me on his part, agreeably to his full powers. Done near the Castles of the Dardanelles, the 5th of January, 1809, which corresponds with the year of the Hegira 1223. the 19th day of the Moon Zilkaade. Signed SEYD MEHEMMED EMIN VAHID EFFENDI, [L. S.] Signed ROBERT ADAIR, [L. S.] No. 42. Treaty of Peace between Russia and Turkey. Signed at Adrianople, September 14, 1829. In the name of God Almighty. His imperial majesty, the most high and most mighty emperor and autocrat of all the Russias, and his highness the most high and most mighty empe or of the Ottomans, animated with an equal desire to put an end to the calamities of war, and to establish, on a solid and immutable basis, peace, friendship, and good harmony between their empires, have resolved, with a common accord, to intrust this salutary work to, &c. {Here follow the names and titles of the different plenipotentiaries on both sides.] ART. 1. All enmity and all differences which have subsisted hitherto between the two empires shall cease from this day, as well on land as on sea, and there shall be in perpetuity peace, friendship, and good intelligence, between his majesty the emperor and padishah of all the Russias, and his highness the padishah of the Ottomans, their heirs and successors to the throne, as well as between their respective empires. The two high contracting parties will devote their particular attention to prevent all that might cause misunderstandings to revive between their respective subjects. They will scrupulously fulfil all the conditions of the present treaty of peace, and will watch, at the same time, lest it should be infringed in any manner, directly or indirectly. ART. II. His majesty the emperor and padishah of all the Russias, wishing to give to his highness the emperor and padishah of the Ottomans a pledge of the sincerity of his friendly disposition, restores to the Sublime Porte the principality of Moldavia, with all the boundaries which it had before the com mencement of the war to which this present treaty has put an end. His Imperial majesty also restores the principality of Wallachia, the Banat of Crayova, Bulgaria, and the country of Dobridge, from the Danube as far as the sea, together with Silistria, Hirsova, Matzia, Isakiya, Toulza, Babadag, Bazardjik, Varna, Pravedy, and the other towns, burghs, and villages, which it contains, the whole extent of the Balkan, from Emine Bouroun as far as Kazan, and ail the country from the Balkans as far as the sea with Siliminea, Jomboli, Aidos, Karnabat, Missanovica, Akhioly, Bourgas, Sizopolis, Kirkkilissi, the city of Adrianople, Lule Bourgas, and all the towns, burghs, and villages, and in general all places which the Russian troops have occupied in Roumelia. ART. III. The Pruth shall continue to form the limit of the two empires, from the point where the rivers touches the territory of Moldavia to its junction with the Danube from that spot the frontier line will follow the course of the Danube as far as the mouth of St. George's' so that leaving all the islands formed by the different arms of that river, in possession of Russia, the right bank shall remain, as formerly, in the possession of the Ottoman Porte. Nevertheless it is agreed that this right bank shall remain uninhabited from the point where the arm of St. George separates itself from that of Souline, to a distance of two hours from the river, and that no establishment of any kind shall be formed there, any more than on the islands which shall remain in possession of the court of Russia, where, with the exception of the quarantines which may be established there, it shall not be allowed to make any other establishment or fortification. The merchant-vessels of the powers shall have the liberty of navigating the Danube in all its course; and those which bear the Ottoman flag shall have free entrance into the mouth of Keli and Souline, that of Saint George remaining common to the ships of war and merchant vessels of the two contracting powers. But the Russian ships of war, when ascending the Danube, shall not go beyond the point of its junction with the Pruth. ART. IV. Georgia, Imeritia, Mingrelia, and several other provinces of the Caucasus, having been for many years and in perpetuity united to the empire of Russia, and that empire having besides, by the treaty concluded with Persia, at Tourkmantchai, on the 10th of February, 1828, acquired the Khanats of Erivan and of Naktchivan, the two high contracting powers have recognised the necessity of establishing between their respective states, on the whole of that line, a well determined frontier, capable of preventing all future discussion. They have equally taken into consideration the proper means to to oppose insurmountable obstacles to the incursions and depredations which |