point out to you the line of conduct which may be moft conducive to the public advantage; and to that lafting connection between the fifter kingdoms, fo effential to the profperity of both. Gentlemen of the Houfe of Com mons, I have ordered the public accounts, and other neceffary papers, to be laid before you. The principle which you fo wifely eftablished of preventing the accumulation of the national debt, will, I hope, appear already to have proved fuccessful; and I entertain no doubt, that your wifdom will perfevere in measures, which, in their operation, promife fuch beneficial effects. His majefty relies with confidence upon your grant of fuch fupplies as are neceffary for the public fervice, and for the honourable fupport of his government. My Lords and Gentlemen, A fyftematic improvement of the police, and a vigorous execution of the laws, are effential not only to the due collection of the public revenue, but to the fecurity of private property, and indeed to the protection of fociety. The frequent outrages which have been committed in fome parts of the kingdom, will particularly call your attention to this important object. It is unneceffary for me to recommend the proteftant charterfchools to your protection, or to enumerate the happy effects which may be derived from your continued attention to the linen and other manufactures, to the agriculture, and to the fisheries of the kingdom, and to fuch meafures as may animate the industry, extend VOL. XXVIII. the education, and improve the mo rals of the people. It will ever be my ambition to promote the real interefts of Ireland, and to contribute by all the means in my power towards eftablishing its future profperity on the fureft and most lafting foundation. The Speech of the Right Honourable the Speaker of the House of Commons in Ireland, to his Grace Charles, Duke of Rutland, Lord Lieutenant, on Tuesday the 21st of March, upon the prefenting the Money Bills at the Bar of the Houfe of Lords. May it please your Grace, Τ HE expences of this kingdom had for a series of years, as well in time of peace as war, conftantly exceeded its revenue, and debt increased on debt. Where fuch a fyftem is fuffered to prevail, manufactures must at length give way, trade will decline, and agriculture ceafe to produce wealth or plenty. The commons, therefore, in the laft feffion, wifely determined to put a stop to fo ruinous a fyftem, and with a fpirited attention to the true intereft of their country, and the honourable fupport of his majefty's government, they voted new taxes to increase the revenue of the year, in the fum of 140,0001. The effort was great, and the event has proved its wifdom. No further addition is now wantingno loan or act of credit is neceffary -a fituation unknown to this kingdom for many feffions paft, and marking with peculiar force the happy ara of your grace's adminiftration. Animated Animated by this fuccefs, and determined to perfevere in the principle of preventing the accumulation of debt, his majefty's faithful commons have, in this feffion, continued the fame taxes, and granted all the fupplies that were defired, to the full amount of every eftimated expence; nor have they omitted at the fame time to provide for the speedy reduction of the national debt by a confiderable sinking fund, and to continue to the agriculture, the fifheries, and the rifing manufactures of the kingdom, the bounties neceffary for their fupport. Great as these taxes are, they are liberally and cheerfully given,-in the most firm and full confidence, that from your grace's experienced wisdom and affection for this kingdom, they will be found effectually to answer the end propofed, of fupplying the whole of the public expence, and preventing any further accumulation of debt. The bills which I have the honour to present to' your grace, for the royal affent, are, &c. &c. &c. proceedings; and I am confident that you will carry with you the fame difpofition for promoting the public welfare to your refidence in the country, where your prefence will encourage the industry of the people, and where your example and your influence will be happily exerted in establishing general good order and obedience to the laws. Gentlemen of the Houfe of Com mons, I am to thank you in his majefty's name for the liberal fupplies which you have given for the public fervice, and for the honourable fupport of his majesty's government. They fhall be faithfully applied to the purposes for which they were granted. My reliance upon your decided fupport to the execution of the laws for the juft collection of the public revenue, affords me the best founded hope, that the produce of the duties will not fall Thort of their eftimated amount. My Lords and Gentlemen, The determined spirit with which you have marked your abhorrence of all lawlefs diforder and tumult, hath, I doubt not, already made an useful impreffion: and the falutary laws enacted in this feffion, and particularly the introduction of a fyftem of police, are honourable proofs of your wifdom, your moderation, and your prudence. His majefty beholds, with the highest fatisfaction, the zeal and loyalty of his people of Ireland; and I have his majefty's express commands to affure you of the moft cordial returns of his royal favour and paternal affection. I have the deepest sense of every obligation to confirm my attach ment ment to this kingdom; and it will be the conftant object of my administration, and the warmest impulfe of my heart, to forward the fuccefs of her interefts, and to promote the profperity of the empire. His Majefty's Speech to both Houses of I My Lords and Gentlemen, Cannot close this feffion of parliament without expreffing the particular fatisfaction with which I have obferved your diligent attention to the public bufinefs, and the measures you have adopted for improving the resources of the country. Gentlemen of the House of Commons, the continuance of general tranquillity. The happy effects of peace have already appeared in the extenfion of the national commerce; and no measures shall be wanting, on my part, which can tend to confirm thefe advantages, and to give additional encouragement to the manufactures and industry of my people. The Address of the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, Sheriffs, and Common Coun cil of the City of London, prefented to his Majefty on Friday, Auguft 11, 1786, on the occafion of his happy escape from Affafination*. Moft Gracious Sovereign, W 7E, your majefty's dutiful and loyal fubjects, the lord mayor, aldermen, and commons of the city of London, in common council I thank you for the fupplies which affembled, humbly approach the you have granted for the fervice of throne with our most fincere conthe current year, and for the pro-liverance manifefted in the failure gratulations on the providential devifion you have made for discharg- of that outrageous attempt which ing the incumbrances on the revenue applicable to the ufes of my fo lately endangered your majefty's civil government. The most falu- royal perfon. tary effects are to be expected from the plan adopted for the reduction of the national debt; an object which I confider as infeparably connected with the effential interefts of the public. My Lords and Gentlemen, The affurances which I continue to receive from abroad promife Impelled at once by duty and inclination, your majefty's faithful citizens of London are happy in tendering an unfeigned affurance of their affection and zeal for your majefty's perfon and government. Deeply fenfible of the value and importance of your majefty's life to the profperity of your kingdoms, and of the unspeakable affliction which your people would have suf A variety of other addreffes were prefented to his majesty on this occafion by the clergy, and several of the counties and bodies corporate throughout the kingdom. [R] 2 tained tained by its mournful termination, the late horrid occurrence (which threatened that national calamity) could not fail to excite in their minds a proportionate alarm; but more particularly painful and fevere were their fenfations, on reflecting that your majefty's gracious attention to the petitions of your fubjects had proved the lamentable caufe of expofing your facred perfon to danger. Permit us, royal fir, to add our moft fervent prayers, that your reign may continue long and profperous over free, happy, and united fubjects; and that your defcendants may tranfmit the bleffings the nation now enjoys to the latest pofterity. Signed, by order of court, rules to be observed in the intercourfe and commerce they defire to establish between their respective countries, have judged, that the faid end cannot be better obtained than by taking the moft perfect equality and reciprocity for the bafis of their agreement. With this view, his majesty the king of Pruffia has nominated and conftituted, as his plenipotentiary, the baron Frederic William de Thulemeyer, envoy extraordinary with their High Mightineffes the States. General of the United Netherlands; and the United States have, on their part, given full powers to Joha Adams, efq. now minifter plenipotentiary of the United States with his Britannic majefty, Dr. Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferfon, refpective plenipotentiaries, have concluded articles, of which the following is an abstract, so far as concerns the States of America. The fubjects of his majefty the king of Pruffia may frequent all the coafts and countries of the United States of America, and refide and trade there in all forts of produce, manufactures, and merchandize, and fhall pay within the faid United States no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, than the moft favoured nations are or fhall be obliged to pay; and they fhall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which the moft favoured nation does or fhall enjoy; fubmitting themselves to the laws and ufages there established. In like manner, the citizens of the United States of America may frequent all the coafts and countries of his majesty the king of Pruffia, and refide and trade there in all forts of produce, manufactures, and merchandize, merchandize, and fhall pay in the dominions of his faid majefty no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, than the moft favoured nation is or fhall be obliged to pay; and they fhall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which the most favoured nation does or fhall enjoy fubmitting themselves as aforefaid. Each party fhall have a right to carry their own produce, manufactures, and merchandize, in their own or any other veffels, to any parts of the dominions of the other, where it fhall be lawful for all the fubjects or citizens of that other freely to purchase them; and thence to take the produce, manufactures, and merchandize of the other, which all the faid citizens or fubjects fhall in like manner be free to fell, paying in both cafes fuch duties, charges, and fees only, as are or fhall be paid by the most favoured na tion. Each party fhall endeavour to protect and defend all veffels, and other effects, belonging to the citizens or fubjects of the other, which fhall be within the extent of their jurifdiction by fea or land; and fhall ufe all their efforts to recover, and cause to be restored to their right owners, their veffels and effects which fhall be taken from them within the extent of their faid jurifdiction. If one of the contracting parties fhould be engaged in war with other powers, the free intercourfe and commerce of the fubjects or citizens of the party remaining neuter, with the belligerent powers, fhall not be interrupted. On the contrary, in that cafe, as in full peace, the veffels of the neutral party may navigate freely to and from the ports, and on the coafts of the belligerent parties, free veffels making free goods, infomuch that all things fhall be adjudged free which fhall be on board any veffel belonging to the neutral party, although fuch things belong to an enemy of the other; and the fame freedom fhall be extended to perfons who fhall be on board a free veffel, although they should be enemies to the other party, unless they be foldiers in actual fervice of fuch enemy. In the fame cafe of one of the contracting parties being engaged in war with any other power-to prevent all the difficulties and mifunderftandings which ufually arife refpecting the merchandize heretofore called contraband, fuch as arms, ammunition, and military ftores of every kind-no fuch articles carried in the veffels, or by the fubjects or citizens of one of the parties to the enemies of the other, fhall be deemed contraband, fo as to induce confifcation or condemnation, and a lofs of property to individuals. But in the cafe fuppofed-of a veffel ftopped for the articles heretofore deemed contraband, if the mafter of the veffel ftopped will deliver out the goods fuppofed to be of contraband nature, he fhall be admitted to do' it, and the veffel fhall not in that cafe be. carried into any port, nor further detained, but fhall be allowed to proceed on her voyage. If the contracting parties fhall be engaged in war against a common enemy, the following points fhall be obferved between them. ift. If a veffel of one of the par ties, retaken by a privateer of the other, fhall not have been in poffeffion of the enemy more than twen [R] 3 ty-four |