fion of the faid conditions; and, in purfuance of their orders, they will report the fame to the Executive Directory.

Done at Florence, the 23d Fructidor, in the 4th year of the French Republic, one and indivifible.

(Signed)

(TRUE COPY.)

GARRAU, SALICETI.

His Holiness Pope Pius Sextus having fhewn a defire to reeftablish mutual union, friendship, and harmony with the French Republic, the Executive Directory have named citizens Garrau and Saliceti, their commiffioners with the army of Italy, to treat with Monsignor Lorenzo Galeppi, the Pope's plenipotentiary, on the claufes and conditions of peace, and have determined on the following articles:

1. There shall be a peace for the future between the Republic and the Pope.

II. The Pope fhall withdraw himfelf from the coalition, and from every offenfive and defenfive alliance against France. He obliges himself not to provide for any of the enemies of France.

III. The Pope fhall never grant a paffage through his territory to the enemies of France, either in this or in any future war. He fhall always allow it to French troops, who will conform to what is due to neutral or friendly countries.

- IV. His Holiness acknowledges, in the most pointed terms, that the common enemy have abused his confidence, and impofed on his religion as a plea for iffuing, publishing, and diffeminating, in his name, different edicts, of which the principle and the effect are equally contrary to his true intentions, and to the respective laws of nations. His Holiness, therefore, difapproves, revokes, and annuls all fuch bulls, briefs, apoftolical mandates, circular or other letters, monitors, inftructions from the pastoral staff, and in general all other writings iffued from the authority of the holy chair, and from every other authority, as relate to the affairs of France, from the year 1789 to this day.

V. The Pope fhall, through the means of his ambassador at Paris, exprefs his disapprobation of the affaffination of Bafville, and fhall pay 500,000 livres, which payment fhall be made up by those who were concerned in that tranfaction.

VI. All the French who have been expelled or imprifoned fince the year 1788, or deprived of their property on account of political opinions, fhall be fet at liberty, and all fuch property ihall be restored to them. The goods or effects already fold fhall be valued by commiflioners from both parties, and the amount fhall be paid to them by his Holiness.

VII. The preceding article fhall extend to individuals of every other nation, and particularly to those of the Pope's ftates who have fuffered for the fame caufe. They fhall be allowed to enter

into and depart from the country at their will, and they shall be allowed the free difpofal of their property.

VIII. All churches, houfes, convents, colleges, feminaries, funds of the revenue, credits, effects, chattels, monuments of fcience and arts, and generally all objects, rights, and acts of every description which did belong to France, and now belong to corporations and countries already united, and to be united to it, fhall be restored to the French Republic, to be fold and alienated at will, or should the Republic keep them, they shall be governed and difpofed of according to its laws, through the means of its agents.

IX. The Pope enters into an obligation to replace and restore the effects specified in the preceding article, or the value thereof, in whatever manner may be agreed upon by the agents of the Republic; alfo fuch income as may be accrued from them, and generally the amount of all damages, and the interest.

X. The French academy fhall be re-eftablifhed, and under the fame direction as before the war; as likewife the college of Liege, and those of every other country already united or to be united to France.

XI. Ambaffadors, minifters, confuls, or vice-confuls of France, and their domestic establishments, flall be entirely independent of the fovereignty, and of the civil and criminal jurifdiction in the ftates of his Holinefs, and will be dependent on the French government only. The faid ambaffadors, minifters, confuls, or vice-confuls, fhall have full jurifdiction over the persons who inhabit their houses, whether attached or not attached to them.

XII. The differences of what foever fort which may arise among the French in the ftates of the Pope, fhall be adjudged and determined by the ambassador or the agent of the Republic.

XIII. Whenever any differences thall arife between the French and the Pope's fubjects, which cannot be terminated without having recourse to tribunals, the plaintiff shall be obliged to bring his action before the judges of the nation to which the defendant belongs-should the cafe be only perfonal. Criminal cafes fhall be brought before territorial judges.

XIV. Every Frenchman accused of a crime may be arrested, but the ambassador or agent of the Republic fhall be immediately informed of it, and after having examined into the fact, he will give notice of it to the Executive Directory, who shall decide whether he is to be tried on the fpot or tranfmitted to France, there to be tried according to the nature of his crime.

XV. All French and other individuals who fhall be employed or known by the agents or confuls of the Republic fhall enjoy the free exercife of their worthip, without being disturbed by any authority, or under any pretence whatever.

VOL. V.

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XVI. His

XVI. H's Holinefs being willing to put an end to certain abuses, against which reafon and humanity have long exclained, accedes to the defire of the Republic, and enters into an obligation to prohibit through the whole of his dominions, under the fevereft punishments, the degradation of boys or youths, and to abolish the tribunal of the inquifition. No perfon whatever shall be deprived of liberty, or profecuted for his religious opinions.

XVII. His Holinefs will receive and provide for all fuch French priests, friars, and nuns, as fhall be willing to retire to

his ftates.

XVIII. The Pope openly and fairly renounces all fuch rights as he may have or pretend to have on the town and territory of Avignon, the Comtat Venaiffin and its dependencies, and does cede and transfer the fame to the French Republic.

XIX. The whole of this treaty fhall be binding, both for the prefent Pope and for all his fucceffors.

XX. The Republic of Holland fhall be included in the prefent treaty between the French Republic and the Pope.

XXI. The prefent treaty fhall be ratified, and the ratifications fhall be exchanged in the fpace of forty days, without further delay, from the date of its fignature.

The citizens Garrau and Salicetti, commiffioners of the Executive Directory with the army of Italy, are authorized, in virtue of their refpective full powers, to negotiate with the plenipotentiary of his Holinefs, Monsignor Lorenzo Galeppi, the claufes and conditions of the peace, independent of the

eftablished articles.

SECRET ARTICLES.

I. His Holinefs will pay 300,000 livres per month, beginning from the 1st day of October, until the ratification of the peace with the Emperor and King of Naples.

II. The Pope renounces and cedes to the French Republic the duchies of Caftro and Ronciglione, Benevento, and Pontecano. The French Republic fhall continue to enjoy the Legations of Ferrara and Bologna and their dependencies, and referves to itself, at a general peace, the difpofal of all the lands and places that have been difmembered by the Pope and his predeceffors. The Pope now makes the most folemn ceffion to that effect to the French Republic.

III. The Pope obliges hithfelf not to take or give to others the titles attached to the ceded territories, and thofe to be ceded to the French Republic.

IV. The fhips, veffels, and privateers of the enemies of the Republic, fhall not be allowed to enter or remain in the ports of the Pope. On the contrary, it fhall be allowed to every fhip belonging to the Republic; and, in cafe they fhould be molefted

by

by the fhips of the enemy, the Pope obliges himself to repair the damages occafioned by the neglect of taking proper measures for preventing it.

V. The French Republic fhall be allowed to garrison Civita Vecchia and Ancona during the present and any future war.

VI. The Pope obliges himself immediately to allow the poftage of letters as it was before the war.

VII. Until a new treaty of commerce is concluded between the Republic and the Pope, the commerce of the Republic fhall be established and maintained in the fates of the Pope on the footing of the most favoured nations.

VIII. The prefent articles fhall be as obligatory for the Pope Pius Sextus as for his fucceffors.

Independent of thefe articles, they have agreed on what follows, refpecting the jurifdiction of the French confuls in the ftates of his Holinefs:

I. Every Frenchman who arrives in fuch towns where confuls or vice-confuls of the French Republic refide, fhall be obliged to make himself known to them, and be named in the national register. The defcription of his perfon fhall be left, and the duplicate of it fent to the principal magiftrate of the police of the

town.

II. Whenever the number of French merchants fhall be fufficient to form a company, they fhall be allowed to choose among themselves two agents or deputies to look to their common interefts; regulate their general expenfes, and as representatives of the company before the tribunal or the vice-conful, to whom they fhall be fubordinate.

III. In the towns where the French Republic fhall judge it neceffary to eftablifh a conful, his Holinefs will nominate a magiftrate under the name of judge protector. Whenever any differences thall arife between the French merchants and those of his Holiness, and that the French merchant is the plaintiff, the caufe fhall be tried by the judge protector, who fhall pronounce his judgment at his own houfe, with the intervention of the ccnful and two merchants chofen by the parties. If the merchant is a fubject of his Holinefs, and the plaintiff,' the judgment shall be made by the conful, who fhall pronounce it at his own houfe, with the intervention of the judge protector and two merchants, as above. The procefs fhall be inftituted according to the laws of the country of the criminal; in cafe of an equality of votes, a third merchant fhall be unanimously chofen by the two judges, who cannot be rejected by the parties. The principal fine ordered by the fentence fhould not exceed the fum of 2401. or 1000 French livres, and fhall be paid without appeal. Neverthelefs, fuch fines as exceed that fum fhall be paid, liable to an appeal to be fubmitted to the revifal of the fame tribunal, with

two merchants equally chofen by the parties. The fentence which is pronounced by a majority of votes fhall be definitive.

IV. The jurifdiction relative to civil concerns, and the right of inquiring into criminal matters refpecting the French, are under the fole direction of the French confuls, or vice-confuls, according to the laws of conceffion of the Republic, They alone fhall be judges and arbitrators of all the diffentions that may arife among the navy of their nation, either with regard to their falaries, provifions of the failors, or the fervice and difcipline of their fhips. Confequently they fhall have the right to receive on board their fhips, and in their chanceries, the contested declarations, contracts of fecurity, and all other acts that the French may choose to fend, furnished with their confular feal, fhall hold good in all tribunals of the states of his Holiness.

V. The confuls and vice-confuls of the French Republic shall have the exclufive right to investigate all the property of the French who die within their jurifdiction, and to difpofe of the goods of the intefted, according to the laws of the Republic. They fhall have the nomination of the guardians and executors of the minors; and these nominations fhall, in every cafe, be confidered as lawful.

ARTICLE III. FOR THE SAID CONSULS.

I. The faid confuls and vice-confuls fhall have the fole examintion of the cafes of wrecks and damages of their fhips; and whate ever may be decreed by their chanceries, in the ufual forms, fhall be executed without an appeal; and in cafe of a refufal on the part of the ftrangers or natives, the magiftrates fhall infift on the execution of the demand of the captains, without interfering in any manner whatever with the compilation of the act.

II. The faid confuls and vice-confuls fhall, have the right to reclaim the deferted feamen and vagabonds of their nation, to arreft them, and employ them until they can be reftored to their flag, or fent back to their country. The magiftrates shall never refufe to feize and give the prifoners over to the confuls, whenever it thall be required, unless the faid prifoners are guilty of any crime that can be punished by the laws of the country.

III. Every omiffion or explanation of the rights and privileges of the confuls or vice-confuls of the French Republic fhall always be interpreted in favour of the faid agents, and always to the advantage of the commerce of the Republic in the ftates of his Holiness.

The prefent convention fhall be ratified, and the ratification exchanged in the space of forty days from the date of its fignature,

TREATY,