Quantum Information: An OverviewSpringer Science & Business Media, 15. nov. 2006 - 284 strani In one word, this is a responsible book; the rest is commentary. Around 1992 a few of us were led by Charles Bennett into a Garden of Eden of quantum information, communication, and computation. No sooner had we started exploring our surroundings and naming the birds and the beasts, than Peter Shor put an end to that apparent innocence by showing that factoring could be turned—by means of quantum hardware—into a po- nomial task. Fast factoring meant business; everybody seemed to be awfully interested in factoring. Not that anyone had any use for factoring per se, but it seemed that all the world’s secrets were protected by factor-keyed padlocks. Think of all the power and the glory (and something else) that you might get by acting as a consultant to big businesses and government agencies, helping them pick everyone else’s locks and at the same time build unpickable ones (well, nearly unpickable) for themselves. And if one can get an exponential advantage in factoring, wouldn’t an exponential advantage be lying around the corner for practically any other computational task? Quantum infor- tion “and all that” has indeed blossomed in a few years into a wonderful new chapter of physics, comparable in ?avor and scope to thermodynamics. It has alsoturnedintoaveritable“industry”—producingpapers,conferences,exp- iments, e?ects, devices—even proposals for quantum computer architectures. |
Vsebina
Foreword | 1 |
8 | 33 |
Quantum nonlocality and interferometry | 43 |
4 | 51 |
Classical information and communication 67 | 66 |
Quantum information | 81 |
Quantum entanglement | 91 |
Entangled multipartite systems 121 | 120 |
Quantum decoherence and its mitigation | 171 |
Quantum broadcasting copying and deleting 185 | 184 |
Quantum key distribution | 191 |
Classical and quantum computing | 203 |
Quantum algorithms | 219 |
A Mathematical elements 231 | 230 |
B The quantum postulates | 245 |
271 | |
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Alice and Bob beam-splitter Bell binary bipartite chapter classical communication classical information coherence complex computational basis consider copies correlated corresponding decoherence decomposition density matrix described discussed down-conversion eigenvalues elements encoded ensemble entanglement measures error correction example expectation values function given Hermitian hidden-variables Hilbert space inequality input interferometer Lett linear LOCC logic mixed multipartite multiple-qubit Neumann entropy number of bits orthogonal outcomes output pair particle Pauli performed phase photon Phys physical polarization postulate POVM probability problem projectors properties protocol provides pure quan quantity quantum channel quantum circuit quantum computation quantum cryptography quantum gates quantum information processing quantum key distribution quantum mechanics quantum systems qubit random variable result Schmidt Sect Section single-qubit singlet state-vectors statistical operator Stokes parameters subspace subsystems superposition teleportation tensor product theorem three-qubit tion Turing machine two-qubit unitary operation unitary transformations vector von Neumann entropy