186. A LANGUAGE LESSON

Choose the correct pronouns or possessive adjectives from those in parentheses, and give the reason for your choice.

MODEL: Every boy who knows the answer may raise (his or their) hand. The possessive adjective chosen must agree with its antecedent in number. The antecedent, "boy," is singular. Therefore, the singular adjective, "his," is the correct one to choose. The sentence should read, Every boy who knows the answer may raise his hand.

Be very careful in finding the antecedents in sentences 2, 4, 8, 9, and 10.

1. Not a boy in the class knew (his or their) lesson to-day.

2. Each of the passengers offered (his or their) assistance.

3. The children who have brought (his or their) lunches may remain in the room.

4. If any one wishes paper let (him or them) raise (his or their) hand.

5. Any girl wishing to sell (her or their) book, may bring it to me.

6. No wise person would have left (his or their) purse there.

7. If a person is caught picking flowers in the park (he or they) will be arrested.

8. If any one wishes a pen (he or they) may have it. 9. Which of the boys left (his or their) pen lying on the desk?

10. Nearly every one of the exercises had a mistake in (it or them).

11. Every girl has (her or their) letter written.

12. One after another rose and recited (his or their) lesson correctly.

His and their are often incorrectly compounded with self and selves. Use instead himself or themselves. Write sentences containing the compound pronouns.

187. A DRILL EXERCISE

a. In the following sentences find the pronouns (13), and tell how they are used. List the possessive pronouns, compound pronouns, and possessive adjectives.

1. Two little birds usually build their nest here. 2. Coming from behind the tree, the man

showed himself.

3. The man fell on his knees before her.

4. The boy cut himself with a sharp knife.

5. This book is mine.

6. We shall go by ourselves.

7. Its tail was very long.

8. Is this boy he?

9. They hurt themselves.

10. You may take yours home.

11. Were you thinking of yourself?

12. I live with my mother in that white house.

now

b. Rewrite the above sentences, changing the number of the subjects, and making any other changes necessary.

c. Diagram sentences 1-4.

188. ANALYSIS OF A PHRASE

a. Make a list of the phrases (18) in the sentences on the opposite page, telling what kind each is.

Draw one line under the introductory word or words, and two lines under each object, predicate noun, or predicate adjective.

1. They lay down to sleep, completely worn out by their labor.

2. Having bought the book, the man left the store. 3. Leaving his mother to bring the water, John went out to the swing in the garden.

4. The man, having given the alarm, listened for the fire bell to ring.

5. Mary went to the store to buy a doll.

6. The king, sitting upon a high throne, wore a crown sparkling with diamonds.

7. He is now cutting the grass growing by the road

side.

8. To be able to drive a machine was his greatest

ambition.

9. The boy, hurt by a fall from the tree, was taken home.

10. Little babies beginning to talk frequently say amusing things.

b. Be ready to analyze the phrases in sentences 6, 8, and 10.

MODEL: "Upon a high throne" is a prepositional phrase introduced by the preposition "upon," which has for its object the noun "throne."

c. Write the analysis of the phrases in sentences 3 and 5.

189. A REVIEW

a. In the sentences on the next page find the different verb forms (23) used. Tell which of the

principal parts of the verb each is, and write the

other parts. Use the model given below:

1. Having eaten the lamb, the lion lay down to sleep. 2. The squirrel, having torn off the shell, climbed the tree to eat the nut.

3. Knowing the habits of animals, the trapper was able to catch them without difficulty.

4. Bowed down with grief, the poor old woman left.
5. A workman, digging a deep ditch, saw the owner
of a new automobile trying to run it into the
garage.

6. England expects every man to do his duty.
7. It was cut into square pieces to build his shanty
in the forest.

8. Living in large cities offers many opportunities
to see beautiful pictures.

b. Diagram the predicate verbs, subject substantives, and objects, predicate nouns, or predicate adjectives in sentences 1-7.

c. Make a list of the phrases (19) found in the sentences, and tell what kind each is and how it is used.

190. A COMPOSITION

Read again the story of "The Enchanted Waterfall" in lesson 185, and prepare to write the story from the following paragraph outline. Use in each

paragraph as many of these descriptive words and phrases as possible: (1) simple, young, lovely, shady; (2) but few wants, cheerful, contented, selfish; (3) do one's heart good; (4) rushing waters, louder and louder, beautiful; (5) clear and cool, amazement, excellent, overjoyed, delighted; (6) curiosity; (7) enchanted; (8) (8) magic, astonishment, anger; (9) crestfallen, out out of temper, fine flavored; (10) wonderful, kindness.

1. The woodcutter: where he lived; where and how hard he worked; how he felt.

2. The woodcutter's disposition; his mother's disposition; his father's disposition.

3. The father wishes for saké.

4. The woodcutter's desire; he hears a sound and
follows it.

5. The woodcutter tastes the water.
6. The news spreads.

7. The neighbors discover the cascade.

8. They find water instead of saké.

9. The woodcutter tastes the water again.

10. The emperor hears the story; the woodcutter is honored.

When you have finished your story read it carefully to see if every sentence is complete. Now read the story as it is given in the book. Have you omitted any necessary detail? How many descriptive words were you able to use?

Correct your composition for beginnings of sentences, endings of sentences, paragraphs, commas, and spelling. How many exclamatory sentences did you use? Were they interrogative or declarative?