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232. RELATIVE PRONOUNS

a. In the following sentences select the connecting words that are relative pronouns (5). Tell the use of each in the sentence, and its antecedent.

1. They found the man limping up the gravel walk that leads to the hospital.

2. The road that he asked us to take was exceedingly

dusty.

3. The boy asked us not only for his breakfast but also for work.

4. The stream in which we fished flows through a deep cañon.

5. He ought to have been more efficient if he wished to keep his place.

6. The little lamb, having been carefully fed, grew rapidly.

7. Playing marbles or flying kites is good exercise

for boys.

8. Neither was the grass watered nor the garden weeded.

9. Being busy, the man that I should have asked

did not look up.

10. The bird whose nest was destroyed in the storm was a robin.

b. Make a list of all other connectives (4).

c. Make a list of the infinitives (3), participles (3), and gerunds (2).

d. Tell the use in the sentence of the words in italics (12).

233. A REVIEW

a. Separate the following sentences into their clauses. Name the connecting words, and tell whether the sentences are simple, compound, or complex. Refer to lesson 222 for models.

1. While I sat there, it began to rain.

2. I went in and sat down in my tent.

3. The boys, being diligent, advance rapidly in their work.

4. The journeymen looked cautiously at the strangers who had already dismounted.

5. She likes to drive out in the park so that she may show her new clothes.

6. The boy grew tired of watching the sheep, and the master lost many.

7. Their feet were sore and their hearts were heavy with grief.

8. Opening a leather bag which hung at his side, the old man gave them cakes and cheese.

9. Once upon a time a Brahman who was walking along the road came upon an iron cage, in which a great tiger had been shut up by the villagers who caught him.

10. The man was satisfied with the advice, and let

the bird go.

II. John knows the best place on all the farm to dig

sweet flag.

12. The next event will be running a race.

234. A REVIEW

a. Turn to the sentences in the last lesson. Name the predicate verbs, subject substantives, and objects, predicate nouns, or predicate adjectives in the principal clauses.

b. Do the subordinate clauses help to make the complete subjects or the complete predicates of the principal clauses?

c. Tell the time indicated by the verbs.

d. Tell whether the words in italics are infinitives (4), participles (2), or gerunds (2), and, if any, name the objects, predicate nouns, or predicate adjectives. e. Find the relative pronouns (5); tell the use of each in the clause, and name the antecedent.

Dear Philip,

235. A COMPOSITION

Lemon Heights, Cal.
January 8, 1914

Since you are studying agriculture, you probably will be very much interested in hearing about Uncle Edward and his ranch. He lives in Orange County, you know. It is well named, for much of the best orange land in the state is here. Uncle Edward has a machine and has taken us about a great deal, and even though this is such a small county we have seen hundreds of walnut and apricot orchards, besides great fields of beans, celery, and sugar beets.

The lemon and orange groves appeal to me most. They are so pretty, especially this time of year. The oranges are as yellow as gold, and it is really true that we can see the snow-topped mountains while we sit out on the veranda and eat oranges. Oranges

fresh from the tree are so good that I think I enjoy eating them more than I do looking at the pretty scenery.

There has been so little rain this winter that Uncle Edward is irrigating his orchard. He has turned deep furrows down each side of the rows of trees and is running the water very slowly down these furrows. The water is piped underground to each row of trees, where a standpipe lets it up and a valve regulates the amount. The water is taken from the river miles away and is carried in large ditches to all parts of the valley. Even when there are few rains, the snow from the mountains gives enough water to last all year.

After a few days Uncle Edward says he will harrow the ground and keep it cultivated until it is time to irrigate again.

Shortly before he irrigated, Uncle had some of his oranges picked. The picking crew wear gloves to handle the oranges, and have to clip each one from the tree, because the fruit would not keep long if pulled. Then the men put the oranges in sacks, which they carry over their shoulders. When the sacks are full they are emptied into the boxes that have been placed at intervals through the orchard. Uncle Edward has had a number of big wagon loads picked, but the trees are still yellow with fruit.

We went down to the packing house to see the oranges packed. What care they take with them! There is so much machinery I could not begin to tell you all I saw. The oranges are put into water and cleaned with brushes run by machinery. They are dried by cold air. Then they pass over a great belt where men on each side grade them as they roll along.

Each grade is put on a separate belt, which carries the oranges to the sizing machine. This drops all the oranges of uniform size into bins, and from these the women pack them. They wrap each orange in tissue paper, and place it carefully in the box. They work very quickly, too. The lids are pressed on the boxes by machinery. A man drives in the necessary nails, and the oranges are ready to ship. In summer they are sent in iced cars, but this time of year that is not necessary.

Is it any wonder we have to pay a good price for oranges in the East? Uncle Edward says when packing house machinery is perfect, eggs, if handled in the same way as oranges, would not be broken.

Uncle takes the very best possible care of his trees. He never neglects the orchard, winter or summer, and he says it pays. If you treat an orchard well, it makes money for you, he says, but if you neglect it, the fruit will not be standard.

Now is n't this a long letter on ranching for a girl to write? I think you should be very proud of your sister's agricultural knowledge! But really, I am very much interested.

I don't know how long we shall stay. I wish it might be until spring, when the orange trees bloom. Perhaps I can persuade mother to let me stay away from home that long.

Now do write often, and tell us about yourself and how you like school.

Your sister,

Margaret

If you have studied agriculture in your school, reply to Margaret's letter by telling her what topic

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