274. A REVIEW

a. Tell whether the verbs in the sentences in lesson 273 are regular or irregular as to form; transitive or intransitive as to use; active or passive as to voice. Give the tense of each verb. In giving the form, use the principal verb, not the helper; that is, in sentence 2, thrown is the principal verb. b. Parse the words in italics in these sentences: I. I shall go with you.

2. Those are my toys.

3. Yours are on the table.

4. Have you seen their kites?

5. The two tallest boys may have these.
6. Whose were right?

7. The boys' playtime has now arrived.

275. PARSING VERBS

Review carefully lessons 74 and 105, finding how verbs change to show the number of the subject. Study the following arrangement of the verb sing in the present tense with both singular and plural subjects, then make the same arrangement of the verb sing in the past tense; the future tense; each of the other tenses. Is there any difference in the form of the verb with the first, second, or third person? In the singular or plural number?

The subject determines the person and number of the verb. Nouns are in the third person when they represent the person or thing spoken of.

Parse the principal verbs in the following sentences by giving:

Classification as to form:

irregular

regular

Classification as to use:

transitive

intransitive

linking
complete

Voice:

active

passive (not of intransitive verbs)

Tense:

present

past

future

present perfect

past perfect

future perfect

Person and Number:

same as subject

1. The fox was caught by the farmer.
2. The birds were seen by the children.
3. Millet painted many pictures.

4. The fire destroyed my house.

5. The trees will be cut by that wood chopper.

6. Ice cream has been sold by this firm.

7. Policemen sometimes seize the wrong men.

8. The Liberty Bell will be taken to the Exposition.

9. The horse had been tied to a tree. 10. She appears honest.

II. The sick man has forgotten his name.

12. South Africa was settled by the Dutch.
13. I will help you.

14. John will be very sorry.

15. The tramp will take the apples.

16. The ham smelled sweet to the dwarfs.

276. THE VERB "BE"

Arrange the verb be in each of the tenses in the singular and plural number as you did the verb sing in lesson 272. Notice the changes in the form of the verb to show number and person of the subject.

277. MOOD

There is another thing that we may study about verbs-the manner of expressing the action, being, or condition. You may ask a question; as, (1) Is he far away? or you may say, (2) He is far away. You may give a command; as, (3) Go away. The verbs in the first two sentences are in the indicative mood. The indicative mood is used in asking questions of fact or stating a fact. The verb in the third sentence is in the imperative mood. The imperative mood is used in giving commands and making requests. What word is usually the subject of a verb in the imperative mood?

The auxiliary verbs may, can, must, might, could, would, and should are most commonly used in the indicative mood in making statements or asking questions. Most of them have only two tenses:

Must and ought have only one tense, the present.

Do, does, and did are used to make speech more emphatic (see lesson 153). Name the present forms; the past forms.

Tell whether the verbs in the sentences below are in the indicative or imperative mood. To do so, find if the verb asks about or states a fact. If it does, it is in the indicative mood. If it gives a command or makes request, it is in the imperative mood. 1. Go immediately.

2. Run away quickly.

3. You have been there often.

4. The sheep will be driven to their new pasture. 5. Much money has been stolen.

6. Have you been running?

7. The pears were eaten yesterday

8. Please go away.

9. I have bought a new dress.

10. The city will have been taken by next week.

II. Is she sitting under the tree?

12. The birds have flown away.

13. They may be very poor.

14. Shall you go riding this afternoon?

15. The horses have been seen by our neighbors.

16. You should tell me.

17. He had not told me until yesterday.

18. Your hat will be found where you left it.
19. Please buy some candy for me.

Use the following form to tell about each verb in the sentences just studied. Remember that intransitive verbs can have no passive voice; that verbs have the same person and number as their subjects; and that nouns are in the third person when they name the person or thing spoken of.

278. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

There is one more way of expressing a thought. Notice carefully the verb used with the subject I in the following sentence: "If I were you I would not go." A clause beginning with if, though, or unless may be used to express a wish or a possibility that is contrary to the fact; as, "If I were you." The fact is that I am not you. A wish may also be expressed; as, "I wish I were you." Notice that the verb were is used instead of was with all singular and plural subjects; as,

If I were you (I never can be you)

If he were a man (implying that he is not a man)
If you were here (implying that you are not here)

If they were honest (implying that they are not honest)

Though he give me his word (implying that he will not)

Unless he go at once (implying that he will not go)