7. He would not move an inch. 8. Did the horse run two miles, mother? 10. We gathered nuts every day. b. Parse the words in italics. 289. MORE SPECIAL USES OF NOUNS Appositives In the following sentences, words are placed next the subject and the object of a preposition to explain or identify them. Find those words. 1. The poet Longfellow wrote "Hiawatha." 2. We went to call on Mrs. Brown, my aunt. In the sentences above, "Longfellow" is placed next the noun "poet" and identifies it; "aunt" is placed next the noun "Mrs. Brown," and identifies it. Both these words are called appositives. "Longfellow" is said to be in apposition with the noun "poet." "Aunt" is a noun in apposition with "Mrs. Brown." A noun or pronoun in apposition has the same case as the noun or pronoun that it explains or identifies. The noun "poet" is in the nominative case. Therefore, the the noun "Longfellow," which identifies it, is in the nominative case. In what case is "Mrs. Brown"? Then, in what case is "aunt"? Any noun in a sentence may be explained by words or groups of words in apposition. a. In the following sentences select the appositives. Tell the use in the sentences of the nouns which they explain, and the case of each. 1. Washington, our first president, was elected in 1789. 2. My sister Mary was promoted. 3. Will you take us girls? 4. Have you seen my dog, a spaniel? 5. This is John, my brother. 6. They elected Mr. Brown, the merchant, director. b. In the following sentences, parse the words in italics. Do not try to remember the order of parsing but refer to the models. For nouns, see lesson 253; for pronouns, see lesson 260; for verbs, see lesson 278; for adjectives, see lesson 282; for adverbs, see lesson 284. 1. The wind blew furiously. 2. They have sold father an automobile, a racer. 3. Having eaten his supper, he went to bed. 4. Having sent you the note last week, I felt happy. 5. She will give it to us girls. 6. This rose is yours. 7. The picture of which you spoke was painted by the artist Millet. 8. With whom shall you stay to-night, mother? 290. THE DATIVE CASE The Indirect Object Tell the predicates, subjects, and objects: 1. Fred told a story. 2. Fred told me a story. 3. I bought Fred a story book for his birthday. In sentences 1 and 2, "story" is the object of the verb "told." In sentence 2, "me" tells to whom Fred told the story. In sentence 3, Fred tells for whom the book was bought. A word used to tell the person or thing to or for whom something is done is called the indirect object. The indirect object is in the dative case. a. In the following sentences, find the indirect. objects and tell the case. MODEL: They gave us a book. "Us" is a pro noun, the indirect object of the verb "gave." Therefore, it is in the dative case. 1. They gave us a book. 2. She crocheted me a collar. 4. Will you give me that, Mary? 5. Mother sent sister the books. 6. Mr. Brown paid the men their wages last week. 7. She told the children stories every night at bedtime. 8. I shall give you the book next week. 9. Give me the pen, Harry, please. 10. Jack's father drew me the pattern for my boat. II. Will you send me some apples? 12. The bear found itself a hollow log early last winter. 13. He sent us an automobile. 14. Will you show me the pictures, Mary? 15. Mother left me the money for the vegetables. 16. I wrote her a letter two days ago. 17. He threw the weight ten feet. 18. The dressmaker made Elizabeth a new dress to-day. 19. We painted the house white. 20. Jack sent me a bouquet. b. From the sentences on page 341, select three nouns used to denote time, place, measure, or distance, tell what they are called, and give the case. c. Select three nouns naming the person spoken to, tell what they are called, and give the case of each. d. Select four nouns that complete the predicate and name the same person as the object, and give the name and case. e. Select two adjectives that complete the predicate and describe the subject and give the name applied to them. Do adjectives have case? f. Select four nouns or pronouns that tell to or for whom something is done. Give the name applied to such nouns or pronouns, and tell the case. 291. A REVIEW a. Parse the nouns in italics in the sentences below, according to the model in lesson 253. b. Parse the pronouns in italics, according to the model in lesson 260. c. Parse the verbs in italics, according to the model in lesson 278. d. Parse the adjectives in italics, according to the model in lesson 282. e. Parse the adverbs in italics, according to the model in lesson 284. 1. My aunt, Mrs. Brown, will be here next week. 3. Washington was elected first president of the 4. Here is the very pen with which he wrote. 5. We do not know whose this is. 6. We will send our teacher a beautiful bouquet. 8. She called to Lucy, my sister, to come quickly. 10. She tried to show him how. II. Getting fresh air every day is quite necessary to be well. 12. I see Mr. Jones, the grocer, going to your house. 13. Were you fond of playing football? 14. They should have made the well very deep. 15. We shall have sent her four dollars by to-morrow. 16. Wilson took the oath that made him president, March 3, 1913. 17. Go, quickly. 18. If I were he, I should object. 292. THE CONJUNCTION a. Review lessons 202 and 204 by listing the conjunctions that connect words and phrases. Notice in these lessons that the words or phrases connected by a conjunction are of the same use in the sentence, that is, the words are either predicates, subjects, objects, or modifiers. b. Review lesson 209, finding the clauses connected by conjunctions. Words, phrases, or clauses having the same use in a sentence are of equal rank. The conjunctions that connect them are coördinate conjunctions. Select the coördinate conjunctions in lesson 209, and tell whether they connect words, phrases, or clauses. |