philosophy in educating." He quotes with approval from Dr. William T. Harris: "Mind is the final cause and purpose of nature." And from Herbert Spencer: "As time goes on, there will be more and more of those whose unselfish end will be the further evolution of Humanity." Education cooperates with heredity, environment and will to make men and women. The will represents "the really indispensable element of individuality in manmaking." Here are five chapters; the first states the problem, the next three deal with heredity, environment and will, and the last discusses, in a helpful way, the philosophy of these processes of man-making. It is a vigorous, scholarly, reverent discussion.

The Quest of the Four-Leaved Clover. A story of Arabia, adapted from the French of Laboulaye's "Abdallah". By Walter Taylor Field, with illustrations by Charles Copeland. Ginn & Company, Publishers. Illustrated. Price 40 cents.

Arabia is to children a land of enchantment. Its deserts and caravans, its sunshine and color, its wild, free life, appeal strongly to the young, for the Arabs are a simple people and their life has all the directness and vigor of childhood.

"The Quest of the Four-Leaved Clover" is a story of the Arabian desert. It gives a picture of Bedouin life among the tents and of city life in the bazaars, affords a glimpse into the spirit of Mohammedanism, and teaches the great lesson of service to one's fellow man. The book is thus valuable in three distinct ways: (1) as a story; (2) as a side light on eastern geography, life and manners, religion and civilization; (3) as the concrete illustration of a great moral lesson. The book is adapted for use as a supplementary reader in sixth to eighth grades, and is invaluable for school libraries.

Argument and Debate, by Joseph Villiers Denney, Professor of English in the Ohio State University; Casson S. Duncan, Assistant Professor of English in the Ohio State University; Frank C. McKinney, of the New York Bar. American Book Company. 400 pages; price, $1.25.

This new book contains a brief discussion of fundamental principles, appropriate suggested exercises, and nearly three hundred pages of masterpieces of complete debates on important questions which have agitated this country. Its aim is to set forth clearly and concisely the principles of argumentation, and at the same time to supply a proper amount of such material for the study of debating as has been employed by able men in the defence of great principles. Over one hundred pages of the book are devoted to a statement of the fundamental principles underlying the subject. Furthermore, much new material on the subject of briefing and debating is to be found in the book. This has been carefully selected from the field of actual contest, and is, therefore, helpful, because it is practical.

Domesticated Animals and Plants. A brief treatise upon the origin and development of Domesticated Races with special reference to the methods of improvement by E. Davenport, M. Agr., L. L. D. Professor of Thremmatolo

gy in the University of Illinois, Dean of the College of Agriculture, Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station. Ginn & Company. Price $1.25.

The aim of this work is to stimulate a widespread interest in domesticated animals and plants-to account for their origin, describe their life in the wild, explain their appropriation by man, show our dependence upon their services, state clearly the methods and principles of their further improvement—and, incidentally, to explain heredity in such a simple way as to bring within the range of the young student and the general reader the main facts of transmission, applicable alike to plant and animal improvement, and to human relations as well. The endeavor has been to make this book so simple and clear that it may be adapted alike to the secondary school, normal school, college, and to the needs of the general reader.

A Textbook in the Principals of Education, by Ernest Norton Henderson. Ph. D. Professor of Education and Philosophy in Adelphi College, Brooklyn, The Macmillan Company. Price $1.75 net.

The author seeks to trace the outlines of a consistent theory of education from the point of view of evolution. This is indicated by a glance at the table of contents. The Introduction states various conceptions of the aim of education. Part I sets forth education as a factor in organic and social evolution, in chapters dealing with readjustment, heredity and education, and education and society. The subject of Part II is the process of education in the individual. Part III treats of educational agencies, such as institutions, materials showing the evolution of the schools, the function of the school, the academic and the practical ends, liberal and vocational education. The book is intended to be used, as its name implies, as a text book, and it will find a place in Normal schools and departments of education in colleges and universities.

French Texts.

L'ANNEAU D'ARGENT, by Charles De Bernard; NICOMEDE TRAGEDIE, Pierre Corneille; MONSIEUR PINSON, Lucien Biart; LA TOUR DES MAURES, Ernest Daudet; UNE ANNE DE COLLEGE A PARIS, by Andre Laurie; SACS ET PARCHEMINS, by Jules Sandeau; JACK PART 1 LE GYMNASE MORONVAL, by Alphonse Daudet; VOGAGE DU NOVICE JEAN-PAUL, by George Lamy; UN SAINT, by Paul Bourget; PENSEES MAXIMES ET REFLECTIONS de Pascal La Rochefoucauld, Vauvenargues; LETTRES DE MON MOULIN, by Alphonse Daudet; LE JEU DE L'AMOUR ET DU HASARD, by Marivaux; CONTES CHOISIS, by Francois Coppee. The Macmillan Company. Each 35 cents net.

This is a very attractive series of French Texts, which under the general editorship of O. Siepmann comprises a considerable number of books for school readings. Most careful and judicious editing is shown in each of the books, the vocabularies, notes, exercises, etc., being specially prepared for the grade of the users of the books.

A Text Book of Field Zoology, Insects and their near relatives, and Birds. By Lottie E. Crary, Assistant Professor of Biology and Geology, Kansas State Normal College, Emporia. With 117 illustrations. P. Blakiston's Sons & Co. Price $1.25 net.

This is a particularly satisfactory text book growing out of a definite conception on the author's part, of how the subject should be handled with beginners and an actual experience in teaching. The animals chosen for study are the more familiar ones. Two modes of study are adopted, the investigation of the animals themselves, in field work; and discussions in the class, of the facts observed together with their inter relations and their relations to other living beings. The teacher's function is emphasized. The student is made to feel the delights of discovery and of independent thought. The volume is admirably adapted to direct and make practical the nature study movement in the grammar and secondary schools.

Fairbank's Handbook of Greek Religion. By Arthur Fairbanks, Ph. D., Director of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Cloth, 12mo, 384 pages, with illustrations. Price $1.50. American Book Company.

This handbook treats the subject under three headings: Part I, Forms of worship and belief; Part II, Historical sketch of Greek religion; and Part III, The relation of religion in Greece to other phases of social development. A simple, comprehensive study of the facts in regard to Greek religion has long been needed by students of Greek civilization, of comparative religion, and of early Christianity. In discussing forms of worship, or periods of development, or the relation of religion to ideals of beauty and righteousness and philosophic truth, the aim of the present volume is to state the facts very briefly with due emphasis on their religious significance. The text is provided with seventy-six specially prepared illustrations and plans, and is further supplemented by frequent footnotes and an index.

The Buckwalter Readers, Fifth Reader. By Geoffrey Buckwalter, Supervising Principal of Mount Vernon School, Philadelphia. Author of "A Comprehensive Spelling Book," "The Easy Primer," etc. Parker P. Simmons. 70 cents.

This book completes the series of Readers prepared by Mr. Buckwalter. We have noticed the other books in the series as they have been issued. In this book there are upwards of one hundred authors represented, the selections being about equally divided between American and English authors. While the familiar "piece" is here found, as it should, there are many new selections both in prose and verse that have their rightful place in a school reader. A high standard is set for the admission of any selection and this is never lowered. There are interesting selections that will hold the attention of the student, and informing selections that will serve to mould his character and influence his thought. The book is all for good literature, as indeed is the whole series of Buckwalter Readers.

We acknowledge receipt of:

Library of Congress, Report of the Librarian of Congress and Report of the Superintendent of the Library Building and Grounds, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1910. Washington Government Printing Office.

Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 45. Chippewa Music, by Frances Densmore. Government Printing Office.

Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 37. Antiquities of Central and Southeastern Missouri, by Gerard Fowke. Report of explorations made in 1906-07 under the auspices of the Archaeological Institute of America. Government Printing Office.

The Summer's Readers-A Treatise on the Summer's Method of Teaching Reading, by Grant Karr, Ph. D., Jena. New York Training School for Teachers. Frank D. Beattys & Co. First Reader; 160 pages. Price, 36 cents.

Quercus Alba, The Veteran of the Ozarks, by Will Lillibridge, author of "Ben Blair," etc. A. C. McClurg & Co. Price, 50 cents net.

Missouri Botanical Garden, Twenty-first Report. St. Louis, Mo. Published by the Board of Trustees.

Advance Sheets. United States Bureau of Education, Chapter from the report of the Commissioner of Education, for 1910. Chapter X, Education in France.

Vermont, by Wendell Phillips Stafford. Litt. D. Middlebury, Vermont.

1910.

Ethics for Children. By Ella Lyman Cabot. Houghton, Mifflin Co.

For the school in which "Ethics" is required as a subject for study, and for the teacher who conducts her own formal or informal lessons in ethical instruction, Mrs. Cabot's book is a valuable possession. It is, in brief, an outline of a course in ethics, covering the eight grades in grammar school, from the first day the child enters until he graduates.

In an introductory note "to the teacher," the author gives very helpful suggestions, (1) as to the attitude of the teacher toward her subject and her class, (2) regarding the necessity for the teacher to know the general characteristics of the age of her children and their individual characteristics, (3) as to the choice of material to be used, and (4) in regard to the method of presentation of the subject.

Mrs. Cabot has shown in her selection of an "ethical centre" for each year's study careful thought as to the demands of the various ages of the children as they progress through the grades. Each year's work is again subdivided into nine topics-one for each of the months from September through May. Even within these narrower topics we notice adaptation of material to the needs of the child. The illustrations quoted are interesting in variety, choice and scope. In addition, the numerous poems and stories

referred to in connection with each lesson make the book a veritable treasure-house for those teachers who are concerned in the "character-building" of their children. Reviewed by Louise A. Ruddiman.

A First Book in Psychology, by Mary Whiton Calkins. The Macmillan Co. $1.90 net.

This is a new edition of this large and valuable work. The author, who is professor of philosophy and psychology in Wellesley College, was already favorably known to students of the subject by her former book, "An Introduction to Psychology." Here she makes a simpler and more direct approach to the subject. She defines psychology as "a study of conscious selves in relation to other selves and to external objects." This book makes little use of the science of ideas, but gives much space to embodying the important results of so-called functional psychology. Another and excellent definition of her theme is the "science of the self as conscious." The main part of the book discusses in fifteen chapters the nature, methods and uses of psychology, perception and imagination, attention, recognition, thought, emotion, will, faith and belief, the social consciousness, the religious consciousness, etc. Then follows nearly 150 pages of Appendix, divided into seventeen sections, containing bibliographical lists and footnote references, critical discussions of disputed problems, accounts of the nervous system and the sense organs, and questions to test the student's understanding of the facts of psychology. This is a valuable book. Professor Calkins is a clear, convincing thinker. She sees distinctly, and makes her students see, the end she is aiming at. By strong and luminous thinking, she both rouses the interest and taxes the mentality of her readers.

A Text Book of Botany for Colleges and Universities. By members of the Botanical Staff of the University of Chicago. John Merle Coulter, Ph. D., Professor of Plant Morphology. Charles Reid Barnes, Ph. D., late Professor of Plant Physiology. Henry Chandler Cowles, Ph. D., Assistant Professor of Plant Ecology. Vol. 1. Morphology and Physiology. American Book Com

This elaborate text book is built upon original lines. The subject has so many phases that no one method of treatment can be devised which shall be all inclusive. Recognizing this necessary limitation, the Hull Laboratory of Chicago University has for ten years past developed its own plan of undergraduate instruction. It has sought "to help the student to build up a coherent and substantial body of knowledge, and to develope an attitude of mind that will enable him to grapple with any botanical situation, whether it be teaching or investigation."

Plant pathology, presupposing the fundamentals of morphology and physsiology; "paleobotany" or the morphology and ecology of fossil plants; and scientific plant breeding are fully discussed. The sphere of the book is that of undergraduate classes. It will prove, we are sure, to be an authority and a standard in its particular field.