ANDREW MARSHALL, M.D., was born in 1742, at Park-hill, near Newburgh, Fifeshire, and was destined. by his father to be a dissenting minister. With this view he was sent when sixteen years of age to an institution at Abernethy, where he studied philosophy and divinity. Whilst there he published in a periodical work a short essay on composition, some remarks in which gave offence to his co-religionists, and he was summoned before the synod of his sect at Edinburgh, by whom, on refusing to retract, he was excommunicated. He was then nineteen years of age, and at once proceeded to Glasgow, where he divided his time between teaching Greek at a school, and attending lectures in the university. At twenty-one years of age he became tutor in a gentleman's family in the island of Islay, and remained in that office four years, after which he went to Edinburgh, where he gave private lessons in Greek and Latin to students of the university. Hitherto he had regarded himself as a student of divinity, but his views about this time were directed to medicine. In 1777 he was enabled by the assistance of a friend to visit London for professional improvement, when he attended the lectures of Dr. Hunter on anatomy, and those of John Hunter on surgery. The following year he was appointed surgeon to the 83rd, or Glasgow regiment, and continued to hold that office until the corps was disbanded. He took his degree of doctor of medicine at Edinburgh 12th September, 1782 (D.M.I. de Militum Salute Tuendâ), and then, settling in London, commenced lecturing on anatomy. These lectures he continued with much reputation for nearly thirty years. Dr. Marshall was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th September, 1788; and died from disease of the bladder, at his house in Bartlett's-buildings, Holborn, 2nd April, 1813, in the seventy-first year of his age. He was the author of "An Essay on Ambition," and a translation of the Three First Books of Simson's Conic Sections, and after his death there appeared from his pen

The Morbid Anatomy of the Brain in Mania and Hydrophobia, with the Pathology of these two Diseases; and a Sketch of the Author's Life, by S. Sawry. 8vo. Lond. 1815.

JOSEPH FOX, M.D., was born in Cornwall, and educated as an apothecary, in which capacity he practised for some years at Falmouth. Having acquired by marriage and his profession a small independence, he determined on trying his fortune in London as a physician. He went therefore to Edinburgh, where he studied for some time; and on the 1st February, 1783, was created doctor of medicine by the university of St. Andrew's. Shortly after this Dr. Fox settled in London. He was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th September, 1788, and on the 30th April following was elected physician to the London hospital. On the 6th March, 1792, he was admitted a Fellow of the College of Physicians of Edinburgh. In the spring of 1800 he was compelled by his increasing private engagements to resign his office at the London hospital; and, having by that time accumulated a fortune fully adequate to the supply of all his wants, he soon afterwards relinquished his practice in favour of Dr. Frampton, and quitted London. He retired first to Falmouth, and afterwards to Plymouth, where he died on the 25th February, 1832, aged seventy-three.

JOHN STARK ROBERTSON, M.D., was born in Fifeshire, and, as John Stark, graduated doctor of medicine at Edinburgh 24th June, 1783 (D.M.I. de Malo Hypochondriaco). Shortly afterwards, but under what circumstances I fail to discover, he took the name of Robertson, and as such was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 30th September, 1788.

LOUIS POIGNAND, M.D., a native of Poictou, in France, was admitted by the College of Physicians a Licentiate in Midwifery 30th September, 1788. He was appointed physician-accoucheur to the Middlesex hospital 22nd March, 1798; and died 17th June, 1809,

aged sixty-three. His portrait was painted by Rigaud. He was the author of

An Historical and Practical Inquiry on the Section of the Symphysis Pubis as a Substitute for the Cæsarian Operation. 8vo. Lond. 1778.

RICHARD PEARSON, M.D., was born at Birmingham in 1765, and educated at the grammar school of Sutton Coldfield during the mastership of Mr. Webb, an accomplished classical scholar; and subsequently under Dr. Rose, of Chiswick. His medical education was commenced under Mr. Tomlinson, a practitioner of good repute in Birmingham. Whilst with him he obtained the gold medal from the Royal Humane Society for the best dissertation on the signs of death with reference to its distinction from the state of suspended animation. Proceeding to Edinburgh, he graduated doctor of medicine 24th June, 1786 (D.M.I. de Scrophulâ). After travelling for two years through Germany, France, and Italy, in company with the honourable Mr. Knox, afterwards lord Northland, he returned to England, and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1788. He settled in his native town, Birmingham, and was elected physician to the General hospital there in September, 1792. He resigned his appointment at the hospital in 1801, when he removed to London, where he remained some years, but then withdrew to Reading, and from Reading to Sutton. Eventually he returned to Birmingham, where, in conjunction with Mr. Sands Cox, he took an active part in the establishment of the medical school of that town. Dr. Pearson died at Birmingham 11th January, 1836, in the seventy-first year of his age, and was interred in the burial-ground of St. Paul's chapel in that town. Dr. Pearson was a sound practical physician and a very careful observer. His little treatise on the Influenza was regarded by a very competent authority, Dr. E. A. Parkes, as one of the best that has ever appeared on that disease. Dr. Pearson was a fellow of the Society

and soon became a very influential, fellow of the College. In 1792 he undertook to arrange the library, which had fallen into great disorder, and he accomplished the task in a manner so satisfactory to his colleagues that he was unanimously voted one hundred pounds. He was Censor in 1790, 1794, 1801, 1803, 1807; Gulstonian lecturer, 1793; Harveian orator, 1794; Croonian lecturer, 1795; Elect, 4th July, 1806; and President, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818, 1819. He resigned his office of Elect 11th August, 1829. Dr. Latham's exertions on first settling in London were excessive, and he soon obtained a large and lucrative practice. In 1795 he was appointed physician extraordinary to the prince of Wales, and was reappointed to the same office on the accession of that prince to the throne in 1820. "At the age of forty-six," says the writer of an interesting memoir of him (his son, P. M. Latham, M.D.) in the "Medical Gazette," 5th May, 1843, "Dr. Latham was worn out by the hard labour of his early success. He was believed to be consumptive, and he retired into the country, it was thought, to die. He had a few years previously purchased an estate at Sandbach, Cheshire, whither he removed, and, under the influence of country air and complete relaxation from the cares and toils of professional business, eventually recovered. He thereupon returned to London, and resumed the exercise of his profession. He felt, however, that if he was to keep the health he had regained, he must never again put it to the same hazard. Accordingly he now removed far away from the sphere of his former business. He left Bedford-row and settled in Harley-street. And here for twenty years he enjoyed, with a more moderate practice, a larger share of health than he had known during the days of his greater labour and greater success. In 1829, having reached his sixty-eighth year, Dr. Latham finally left London. Fourteen years of life yet remained to him. For two-thirds of this period he enjoyed the comforts which are still within the reach of a vigorous

old age. For the last third was reserved the sharpest of all bodily afflictions--the formation and gradual increase of stone in the bladder. Under this he sank, and died at his seat, Bradwall-hall, Cheshire, on the 20th April, 1843, in the eighty-second year of his age, having then been for some years the father of the College. Those who knew Dr. Latham, both his patients and brother physicians, speak of him with great esteem and affection. His patients remember the confidence and encouragement which accompanied his address, his sincerity, his straightforwardness, and his liberality; and there are physicians now grey-headed who speak of the kindness and countenance they received from him in the days of their youth. But the highest virtues of good men are unseen by the world while they live, and are kept sacred for the solace and contemplation of their families when they die. More, therefore, need not be said of Dr. Latham, except that he was singularly temperate, when temperance was hardly yet thought to be a virtue; he was most pure in life and conversation when to have been otherwise would have provoked no censure; and he was not ashamed to be religious when religion had yet no recommendation or countenance from the world."

Dr. Latham's portrait, by Dance, in 1798, was engraved by W. Daniell; and another at a later period of his life, in his robes as President of the College of Physicians, was painted by Jackson, and engraved by Sievier. He was a fellow of the Royal and Linnæan Societies, contributed several papers to the "Medical Transactions," and was the author of

On Rheumatism and Gout. 8vo. Lond. 1796.

A Plan of a Charitable Institution to be established on the SeaCoast. 8vo. Lond. 1791.

Facts and Opinions concerning Diabetes. 8vo. Lond. 1811.

JOHN MAYO, M.D., was born in Herefordshire, and commenced his university education at Brasenose college, Oxford, as a member of which he took the degree of A.B. 14th January, 1782; but then, removing to