JOHN MULLER, M.D.-A doctor of medicine of the university of Copenhagen, of 1st July, 1787 (D.M.I. de Medicamentis Antimonialibus, 8vo.); was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1792. He practised at Christiana, in Norway. RICHARD TEMPLE, M.D., was born at Malton, in Yorkshire, and received his medical education at Edinburgh and Leyden, He proceeded doctor of medicine in the last-named university 8th October, 1791, being then thirty-two years of age (D.M.I. de Synocha), and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1792. Settling in London, he was in 1802, elected physician to the Marylebone dispensary. Dr. Temple died 14th May, 1826. He was the author of The Practice of Physic; wherein is attempted a concise Exposition of the Characters, Causes, Symptoms of Diseases, and Method of Cure. 8vo. Lond. 1792. JOHN AIKEN, M.D., was the son of a dissenting minister, and was born at Kibworth, in Leicestershire, 15th January, 1747. After a good preliminary education from his father, who kept a respectable and well frequented boarding school, and then at the Dissenters' academy at Warrington, to which his father had been appointed theological tutor, he was apprenticed to Maxwell Garthshore, at that time practising as an apothecary at Uppingham, who afterwards graduated in physic, settled in London as an accoucheur, and has been mentioned in this volume. He studied medicine at Edinburgh; and in 1771 settled as a surgeon at Chester, but soon removed to Warrington, and was appointed lecturer on physiology and chemistry to the Dissenters' academy there. He proceeded doctor of medicine, at Leyden, 19th July, 1784 (D.M.I. de Lactis Secretione in Puerperis); and then settled as a physician at Yarmouth, where he continued with steadily increasing professional reputation for a period of eight years. Towards the end of that time he became involved in the political agitation consequent on the attempt to obtain a repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts; he took an active part with the Dissenters, and published two pamphlets on the subject. The clergy of the church of England, who had warmly supported him, now took alarm, withdrew their countenance, and encouraged Dr. Girdlestone to settle at Yarmouth. Dr. Aiken, seeing his prospects in that town destroyed, escaped from the impending bitterness of a personal controversy by removing to London. He was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1792. Although his connexions in London by family and acquaintance were considerable, he never obtained much professional employment. He was little fitted by temper or habit for the fatigue and struggle necessary to success in town, and he willingly and wisely followed the bent of his disposition, and devoted himself almost exclusively to literary pursuits. Immediately after settling in London he commenced, in conjunction with his sister, Mrs. Barbauld, the well-known series entitled "Evenings at Home," which was completed in June 1795, by the publication of the fifth and sixth volumes. This work had a most extensive sale, is still popular, and has been translated into almost every European language. His next and probably most important work was "Letters from a Father to a Son, on various Topics relative to Literature and the Conduct of Life." In 1796 he became the editor of the "Monthly Magazine," and continued so for ten years; and in 1807 started a new magazine, "The Athenæum," which lasted for two years and a half only. In the same year in which he undertook the editorship of the "Monthly Magazine," he commenced, in conjunction with his friend Dr. Enfield, his "General Biographical Dictionary." This work extended to ten quarto volumes, and his own portion is said to have amounted to almost one-half. He was engaged upon it twenty years, the tenth and concluding volume being published in 1815. He undertook the editorship of "Dodsley's Annual Register," in 1811; and his last publication, "Select Works of the British Poets, with Biographical and Critical Prefaces," made its appearance in 1820. Dr. Aiken died from paralysis at Stoke Newington (where he had resided since 1797), on the 7th December, 1822, in his seventy-fifth year. His portrait, by J. Donaldson, was engraved by C. Knight. He was the author of many other works than those above mentioned, for a list and some particulars of which I must refer to a memoir of his life and writings by his daughter, Lucy Aiken, published in 1823. His medical writings were An Essay on the Ligature of Arteries. 8vo. London. 1770. Observations on the External Use of Preparations of Lead, with Remarks on Topical Medicines. 8vo. Lond. 1771. Thoughts on Hospitals. 8vo. Lond. 1771. Specimen of the Medical Biography of Great Britain, with an Address to the Public. 8vo. Lond. 1775. Biographical Memoirs of Medicine in Great Britain, from the Revival of Literature to the Time of Harvey. 8vo. Lond. 1780. A Manual of Materia Medica. 8vo. Yarmouth. 1785. SAYER WALKER, M.D., was born in London, and educated as a dissenting minister. For some years he presided over a congregation of presbyterian dissenters at Enfield, but after a time his mind took a bias towards medicine, the study of which he commenced in London and completed at Edinburgh. He was created doctor of medicine by the university of Aberdeen 31st December, 1791; and was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1792. He devoted himself to midwifery and the diseases of women and children, and in June, 1794, was elected physician to the city of London Lying-in hospital. Dr. Walker died at Clifton, whither he had retired a few years previously, on the 9th November, 1826, in the seventy-eighth year of his age. He was the author of A Treatise on Nervous Diseases, in which are introduced some Observations on the Structure and Functions of the Nervous System, &c. 8vo. Lond. 1796. Observations on the Constitution of Women, and on some of the Diseases to which they are more especially liable. 12mo. Lond. WALTER VAUGHAN, M.D., was born in 1766, at Frome, in Somersetshire, and was the son of Walter Hamilton Vaughan, M.D., a much respected physician in that town. He received his preliminary education under a relative of his mother, a clergyman of the church of England, beneficed at Beverstone, in Gloucestershire. His medical education was commenced at Winchester, by an apprenticeship to a surgeon; after which he entered at the united Borough hospitals, and during the latter part of his abode in London resided with Dr. Babington. He then proceeded to Leyden, where he graduated doctor of medicine 18th July, 1786 (D.M.I. de Connubio Chemico). After travelling for some time on the continent he returned to London, and went from thence to Edinburgh, where he passed one medical session. He was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 1st October, 1792. Dr. Vaughan then settled at Rochester, where he continued until his death in 1828. He was the author of— An Exposition of the Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, containing the Prælectiones Anatomica of Ferd. Leber, translated from the original Latin. 2 vols. 8vo. 1791. An Essay, Philosophical and Medical, concerning Modern Clothing. 8vo. Rochester. 1792. Evidence of the Superior Efficacy of the Yellow Bark, &c. 8vo. Lond. 1795. Some Account of an Appearance in the Flesh of a Sheep. 8vo. 1813. An Essay on Headaches and their Cure. 8vo. Lond. 1825. JOHN ROGER MURRAY, M.D.—A native of London and a doctor of medicine of Edinburgh of 12th September, 1787 (D.M.I. de Abortu); was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 22nd December, 1792. WILLIAM MOORE, M.D., was born in London, and was the eldest son of Mr. William Moore, who, after acquiring an ample fortune in the drug trade, in London, retired to Missenden, co. Bucks. He received his early education at Campden school, near Broadway, Worcestershire, whence he was transferred to Pembroke college, Oxford, as a member of which he proceeded A.B. 22nd October, 1784; A.M. 6th June, 1787; M.B. 17th June, 1788; M.D. 10th May, 1791. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians 25th June, 1792; a Fellow, 25th June, 1793; and was Censor in 1793. He was physician to the duke of York, and to the army, and went through the greater part of the campaign in Flanders. He was subsequently sent with troops to Ireland; and, after remaining there some time, returned with the intention of settling in London. In 1803, however, on the renewal of the war, Dr. Moore was selected to fill the newly created office of principal medical officer to the army depôt in the Isle of Wight. He therefore fixed his residence in that island, and continued there till his death, which occurred at Ryde in the spring of 1832, at the age of sixty-six. JOHN HUNTER, M.D., was born in Perthshire, and, after a good preliminary education, proceeded to Edinburgh, and commenced the study of medicine. He took the degree of doctor of medicine there 12th September, 1775 (D.M.I. de Hominum Varietatibus et harum Causis); was admitted a Licentiate of the College of Physicians 24th March, 1777; and about that time was appointed physician to the army. He was admitted a Fellow of the College, speciali gratiâ, 25th June, 1793; was Censor in 1793, 1799; Gulstonian Lecturer in 1796; and Croonian Lecturer in 1797, 1799, 1800, 1801. Dr. Hunter was a fellow of the Royal Society, and physician extraordinary to the prince of Wales. He would seem to have been the first to recognise softening of the brain as a distinct pathological condition, and he made this subject the topic of his Gulstonian lectures in 1796.* He died at his house, in Hill-street, Berkeley-square, 29th January, 1809.† He was the author of Bright's Reports on Medical Cases, vol. ii, part i, p. 195. |