The Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Količina 2

Sprednja platnica
At the University Press, 1892
 

Vsebina

New England
146
The West Indies
148
Objects and policy in colonisation
151
INDUSTRY 214 The regulation of industry and its objects
156
Different methods of regulation
159
Industrial and Commercial supremacy of England
160
Grievances of consumers and traders
162
Sources of information
166
Temperance legislation
169
Restraints on the growth of London
171
Industrial policy further illustrated
176
Enclosure and improvements
180
Corn laws
181
Dairy farming
182
Draining schemes ཁྐྲ 54 56 57
183
Compulsory rates 58
184
Vagrants and work 59
185
The recoinage
186
The revenue ཙཚ 61 64
187
The force of selfinterest Hales
188
The usury laws
189
Capital and changed circumstances
190
Puritanism and commercial morality
191
Politicians and practical
192
Competition and wellordered trade
193
Freedom for internal trade
194
The assessment of wages
195
Bankruptcy Insurance
196
Money and the foreign exchanges
197
THE STUARTS CHAPTER I POLITICAL RIVALRIES AND CHANGES 198 Continued pursuit of power and conscious imitation of the Dutch
198
Constitutional changes Finance
199
Political doctrine
200
The influence of Puritanism
201
Squatters on the commons
204
The Act of Settlement
206
Bankruptcy and insolvent debtors
208
Bullionists and the balance of trade
210
The currency
213
Taxation under James
215
BOOK VI
216
Expedients adopted by Charles I
217
Parliamentary resources
218
Restoration finance
220
The Goldsmiths
222
Fire insurance
226
General character of pamphlet literature
227
Political philosophy and economics
233
Criteria of prosperity
237
Political arithmetic
248
The rate of interest
251
The circulating medium and forms of credit
254
THE STRUGGLE WITH FRANCE CHAPTER I THE FALL OF THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM PAGE 246 Rivalry with France
256
The Mercantilists and the industrial interest
258
Adam Smith
260
Political Economy
261
16891776
263
The Peace of Utrecht
264
The East India Company
267
The contest renewed in 1730
272
The African Company
278
The Hudsons Bay Company
281
Commercial policy
284
Marine insurance
289
The Navigation Act
292
Ireland after the Revolution
294
Linen manufacture
300
General condition of the country
304
Political ambitions of English in India
308
Rivalry in the West Indies
311
The slave trade
313
Missionary efforts
318
French missions in North America
319
The attitude of the English
320
Selfdependence of Colonists
325
Economic policy of England towards these colonies
328
English and Dutch policies contrasted
330
Protection and progress
333
Providing raw materials
334
Prohibiting imported goods and encouraging consumption
337
The clothing and the iron trades
339
The coal trade
342
67
343
Corn growing for exportation
371
Other products and Draining
373
Internal communication
374
POLITICAL SURVEY
378
THE POOR 287 The increase of rates and the workhouses
379
Alleged causes of pauperism
381
The peasantry and the soil
383
Day labourers and husbandmen
386
FINANCE 291 Public Borrowing
390
The Bank of England
394
The Goldsmiths and the Land Bank
396
Credit and speculation
398
The currency
401
The National Debt and taxation
403
The incidence of taxation
405
PAGE
410
Walpole and Grenville
413
ECONOMIC DOCTRINE 300 Unique position of Adam Smith
416
Character of the study at the Revolution
418
Current discussions
419
Change in the standpoint usually taken
422
Historical studies
423
Sir James Steuart
428
Adam Smith and the isolation of wealth
431
Criticism of predecessors
433
Reception of the Wealth of Nations
434
17761815
436
76
437
GENERAL SURVEY 310 Rapid changes in every direction
442
Industrial changes and social life
443
Order of treatment
446
321
475
323
485
THE POOR
491
328
502
331
509
336
518
338
526
340
532
The slave trade
544
349
552
353
562
Anderson and the doctrine of rent
571
357
579
Social and moral influences
587
The opening of trade with China
593
The West Indies and the slaves
599
167
607
The Bradford strike
614
79
617
The Factory Commission
633
Discordant elements in the formation of nationalities
635
The factory population
640
378
651
The importation of silver
654
Ireland and the potato famine
658
The Elizabethan system
662
384
664
CURRENCY AND CAPITAL
672
83
677
Recent history
679
APPENDIX I
687
SHIPPING
694
87
696
373
697
Revenue and National Debt with diagram
698
Merchant Companies
699
APPENDIX II
701
North America
717
INDEX
720
374
723
89
725
92
731
106
734
Navigation Acts 110 203 The pirates of Barbary 113
735
Coal Mines
736
204
739
Fisheries 115
742
205
743
Commissions on trade 206 Regulated companies 207 Joint Stock companies 116 118 124
745
Ireland
750

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Priljubljeni odlomki

Stran 666 - The school-boy whips his taxed top — the beardless youth manages his taxed horse, with a taxed bridle on a taxed road ; — and the dying Englishman pouring his medicine, which has paid seven per cent. into a spoon that has paid fifteen per cent.
Stran 581 - THAT THERE CAN BE NO TRADE UNPROFITABLE TO THE PUBLIC ; FOR IF ANY PROVE SO, MEN LEAVE IT OFF; AND WHEREVER THE TRADERS THRIVE, THE PUBLIC, OF WHICH THEY ARE A PART, THRIVE ALSO.
Stran 235 - To which let me add, that he, who appropriates land to himself by his labour, does not lessen, but increase the common stock of mankind...
Stran 558 - Were the face of the earth, he says, vacant of other plants, it might be gradually sowed and overspread with one kind only, as for instance with fennel; and were it empty of other inhabitants, it might in a few ages be replenished from one nation only, as for instance with Englishmen.
Stran 666 - His whole property is then immediately taxed from 2 to 10 per cent. Besides the probate, large fees are demanded for burying him in the chancel ; his virtues are handed down to posterity on taxed marble; and he is then gathered to his fathers, — to be taxed no more.
Stran 434 - The wealth of a neighbouring nation, however, though dangerous in war and politics, is certainly advantageous in trade. In a state of hostility it may enable our enemies to maintain fleets and armies superior to our own ; but in a state of peace and commerce it must likewise enable them to exchange with us to a greater value, and to afford a better market, either for the immediate produce of our own industry, or for whatever is purchased with that produce.
Stran 325 - I have been told by Englishmen, and not only by such as were born in America, but even by such as came from Europe, that the English colonies in North- America, in the space of thirty or fifty years, would be able to form a state by themselves, entirely independent of Old England.
Stran 559 - ... have more industry and frugality than the natives, and then they will provide more subsistence, and increase in the country ; but they will gradually eat the natives out.
Stran 376 - The carriage of grain, coals, merchandize, etc., is in general conducted with little more than half the number of horses with which it formerly was. Journies of business are performed with more than double expedition. Improvements in agriculture keep pace with those of trade. Everything wears the face of dispatch ; every article of our produce becomes more valuable ; and the hinge which has guided all these movements, and upon which they turn, is the reformation which has been made in our public...
Stran 566 - It is not, however, the rent of the land that determines the price of its produce, but it is the price of that produce which determines the rent of the land, although the price of that produce is often highest in those countries where the rent of land is lowest This seems to be a paradox that deserves to be explained. " In every country there is a variety of soils, differing considerably from one another in point of fertility.

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