CHRONOLOGY OF UNIVERSAL HISTORY EMBRACING THE PERIOD COVERED IN THIS VOLUME A.D. 1844-1861 DANIEL EDWIN WHEELER Events treated at length are here indicated in large Separate chronologies of the various nations, and of A.D. 1844. "INVENTION OF THE TELEGRAPH." See xvii, 1. 1845. Florida and Texas admitted to the United States; beginning of Sir John Franklin sails on his last search for the Northwest Passage. 1846. War between the United States and Mexico; General Taylor Elias Howe patents the sewing-machine. "THE DISCOVERY OF NEPTUNE." See xvii, 25. Great Famine begins in Ireland. Corn-Law agitation at its height in Unsuccessful uprising of the Poles. Cracow annexed to Austria. 1847. General Taylor conquers Northern Mexico; Battle of Buena "FAMINE IN IRELAND." See xvii, 84. Tumult occasioned in Italy by the papal reforms; civil war of the 1848. Peace signed between Mexico and the United States; cession "DISCOVERY Of Gold in CALIFORNIA." See xvii, 188. The Mormons settle in Utah. MONS," xvii, 94. See "MIGRATIONS of the MOR- Italian uprisings in Milan and Sicily; Sardinia grants a constitution Outbreak of revolution in Vienna (March 13th) and in Berlin (March Venice declares itself a republic. Sardinia begins war for the "libera- "THE REVOLT OF HUNGARY." See xvii, 172. Storming of Vienna by government troops. Flight of Pius IX from The English crowd back the Boers in Southern Africa; the Boers 1849. Zachary Taylor inaugurated as President of the United States. Venice surrenders to the Austrians after nearly a year of siege. Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein at war. A German confederation "Livingstone's AFRICAN DISCOVERIES." See xvil, 213. The Punjab annexed to British India. 1850. Death of President Taylor. Congress passes the Clay com- Tai-ping rebellion begins in China. 1851. First great world's fair in the Crystal Palace, London. "THE COUP D'ÉTAT OF LOUIS NAPOLEON;" see xvii, 230. Napo- 1852. Napoleon III proclaimed Emperor of France. 1853. Franklin Pierce inaugurated as President of the United States. Russia quarrels with Turkey, claims a protectorate over all Christians in Turkish dominions; war begun, a Turkish fleet destroyed at Sinope. Great successes of the Tai-pings in China. 1854. Passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Bill intensifies the slavery agi- France and England declare war against Russia; bombardment of "THE OPENING OF JAPAN." See xvii, 265. 1855. "THE Capture of SEBASTOPOL." See xvii, 286. Overthrow of Santa Anna, Dictator of Mexico. Opening of a railway across the Isthmus of Panama. 1856. Tumult and bloodshed in Kansas. Walker, the filibuster, seizes End of the Crimean War; Russia withdraws from the Danubian Prov- Second war between England and China; Persians attack Afghanistan. "THE INDIAN MUTINY;" see xvii, 297. Nana Sahib heads the insur- England ends the Persian War. France joins England against China. 1858. Jews admitted to share in the government of England. End of the Indian Mutiny; the East Indian Company transfers its 1859. John Brown's Raid. Charles Darwin announces the doctrine of evolution. See " DARWIN Russia captures Shamyl, and subdues the entire region of the Caucasus. Lombardy added to the Italian Kingdom; Venice remains Austrian. French and English troops seize Peking and dictate peace terms. END OF VOLUME XVII |