TREATY OF LIMITS. Concluded January 12, 1828, and 5th April, 1831. WHEREAS, a Treaty of Limits between the United States of America, and the United Mexican States, was concluded and signed by the Plenipotentiaries of the two countries, at Mexico, on the twelfth of January, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight : WHEREAS, also, an additional article thereto was concluded and signed by the Plenipotentiaries of the two countries, at Mexico, on the fifth of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, which Treaty and additional article are word for word as follows: The limits of the United States of America, with the bordering Territories of Mexico, having been fixed and designated by a solemn Treaty, concluded and signed at Washington, on the twenty-second day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and nineteen, between the respective Plenipotentiaries of the Government of the United States of America, on the one part, and of that of Spain on the other: And whereas, the said Treaty having been sanctioned at a period when Mexico constituted a part of the Spanish Monarchy, it is deemed necessary now to confirm the validity of the aforesaid Treaty of Limits, regarding it as still in force and binding between the United States of America and the United Mexican States: With this intention, the President of the United States of America has appointed Joel Roberts Poinsett their Plenipotentiary; and the President of the United Mexican States their Excellencies Sebastian Camancho and José Ygnacio Esteva: And the said Plenipotentiaries having exchanged their full powers, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles: ARTICLE I. The dividing limits of the respective bordering Territories of the United States of America and of the United Mexican States, being the same as were agreed and fixed upon by the above-mentioned Treaty of Washington, concluded and signed on the twenty-second day of February, in the year one thousand eight hundred and nineteen, the two high contracting parties will proceed forthwith to carry into full effect the third and fourth articles of said Treaty, which are herein recited, as follows: ARTICLE II. The boundary line between the two countries, west of the Mississippi, shall begin on the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the river Sabine, in the sea, continuing north along the western bank of that river, to the thirty-second degree of latitude; thence by a line due north, to the degree of latitude where it strikes the Rio Roxo of Natchitoches, or Red River; then, following the course of the Rio Roxo westward, to the degree of longitude one hundred west from London, and twentythree from Washington; then, crossing the said Red River, and running thence by a line due north, to the river Arkansas; thence following the course of the southern bank of the Arkansas, to its source, in latitude forty-two north; and thence, by that parallel of latitude, to the South Sea: the whole being as laid down in Melish's map of the United States, published at Philadelphia, improved to the first of January, eighteen hundred and eighteen. But, if the source of the Arkansas River shall be found to fall north or south of latitude forty-two, then the line shall run from the said source due south or north, as the case may be, till it meets the said parallel of latitude forty-two; and thence, along the said parallel, to the South Sea. All the islands in the Sabine, and the said Red and Arkansas Rivers, throughout the course thus described, to belong to the United States, but the use of the waters, and the navigation of the Sabine to the sea, and of the said rivers Roxo and Arkansas, throughout the extent of the said boundary on their respective banks, shall be common to the respective inhabitants of both nations. The two high contracting parties agree to cede and renounce all their rights, claims, and pretensions to the Territories described by the said line; that is to say: the United States hereby cede to his Catholic Majesty, and renounce forever, all their rights, claims, and pretensions to the Territories lying west and south of the above-described line; and, in like manner, his Catholic Majesty cedes to the said United States all his rights, claims, and pretensions, to any Territories east and north of the said line; and for himself, his heirs, and successors, renounces all claim to the said Territories forever. ARTICLE III. To fix this line with more precision, and to place the landmarks which shall designate exactly the limits of both nations, each of the contracting parties shall appoint a Commissioner and a Surveyor, who shall meet before the termination of one year from the date of the ratification of this Treaty, at Natchitoches, on the Red River, and proceed to run and mark the said line, from the mouth of the Sabine to the Red River, and from the Red River to the River Arkansas, and to ascertain the latitude of the source of the said River Arkansas, in conformity to what is agreed upon and stipulated, and the line of latitude forty-two, to the South Sea. They shall make out plans and keep journals of their proceedings; and the result agreed upon by them shall be considered as part of this Treaty, and shall have the same force as if it were inserted therein. The two Governments will amicably agree respecting the necessary articles to be furnished to those persons, and also as to their respective escorts, should such be deemed necessary. ARTICLE IV. The present Treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications. shall be exchanged at Washington, within the term of four months, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed the same, and have hereunto affixed our respective seals. Done at Mexico, this twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight, in the fifty-second year of the Independence of the United States of America, and in the eighth of that of the United Mexican States. J. R. POINSETT, [L. 8.] Additional article to the Treaty of Limits concluded between the United States of America and the United Mexican States, on the twelfth day of January, eighteen hundred and twentyeight. The time having elapsed which was stipulated for the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of Limits between the United Mexican States and the United States of America, signed in Mexico on the twelfth of January, eighteen hundred and twenty-eight; and both Republics being desirous that it should be carried into full and complete effect, with all due solemnity, the President of the United States of America has fully empowered, on his part, Anthony Butler, a citizen thereof, and and Charge d' Affaires of the said States in Mexico; and the Vice-President of the United Mexican States, acting as President thereof, has, in like manner, fully empowered, on his part, their Excellencies Lucas Alaman, Secretary of State and Foreign Relations, and Rafael Mangino, Secretary of the Treasury, who, after having exchanged their mutual powers, found to be ample in form, have agreed, and do hereby agree, on the following article: The ratifications of the Treaty of Limits, concluded on the twelfth day of January, eighteen hundred and twenty-eight, shall be exchanged at the city of Washington, within the term of one year, counting from the date of this agreement, and sooner should it be possible. The present additional article shall have the same force and effect as if it had been inserted word for word in the aforesaid Treaty of twelfth January, of eighteen hundred and twenty-eight, and shall be approved and ratified in the manner prescribed by the Constitutions of the respective States. In faith of which, the said Plenipotentiaries have hereunto set their hands and affixed their respective seals. Done in Mexico, the fifth of April, of the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, the fifty-fifth of the Independence of the United States of America, and the eleventh of that of the United Mexican States. AND WHEREAS, the said Treaty has been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective ratifications of the same were exchanged at Washington on the fifth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, by Edward Livingston, Secretary of State of the United States of America, and José Montoya, Chargé d'Affaires of the United Mexican States, on the part of their respective Governments: Now, therefore, be it known, That I, Andrew Jackson, President of the United States of America, have caused the said Treaty to be made public, to the end that the same, and every clause and article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith, by the United States and the citizens thereof. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hun[L. S.] dred and thirty-two, and of the Independence of the United States the fifty-sixth. By the President: ANDREW JACKSON. EDW. LIVINGSTON, Secretary of State. TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION. Concluded on the fifth of April, 1831. BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS, a Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, between the United States of America and the United Mexican States, was concluded and signed by the Plenipotentiaries of the two countries, at Mexico, on the fifth of April, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, which Treaty is word for word as follows: The United States of America and the United Mexican States, desiring to establish upon a firm basis the relations of friendship that so happily subsist between the two Republics, have determined to fix in a clear and positive manner the rules which shall in future be religiously observed between both, by means of a Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation. For which important object, the President of the United States of America has appointed Anthony Butler, a citizen of the United States, and Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America near the United Mexican States, with full powers; and the Vice-President of the United Mexican States, in the exercise of the Executive power, having conferred like full powers on his Excellency Lucas Alaman, Secretary of State for Home and Foreign Affairs, and his Excellency Rafael Mangino, Secretary of the Treasury; and the aforesaid Plenipotentiaries, after having compared and exchanged in due form their several powers as aforesaid, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace, and a true and sincere friendship between the United States of |