may be observed that all these religious edifices are situated in the territory of his father Brychan, a circumstance sufficient to account for his influence as a founder. Llangynog in the county of Montgomery is also attributed to him. 2. Clydwyn, the second, or as others will have it, the third son of Brychan, embraced a military life, and it is said that he conquered South Wales; but this assertion must be taken with great limitation, as it would seem to contradict the traditional accounts of Glamorganshire, Cardiganshire, and Radnorshire, where the native princes of this generation are known to have maintained possession. It may, therefore, be understood to mean that he established his dominion over the Gwyddyl Ffichti, who still remained in Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire; and, to confirm the explanation, it may be shown that the churches dedicated to his family are more numerous in that district than in any other, and one church, Llanglydwyn, upon the confines of the two counties included, bears the name of the warrior himself. According to Mr. Theophilus Jones, he succeeded his father in the government of the western and more mountainous parts of Brecknockshire. His commemoration or festival is Nov. 1. 3. Dingad, son of Brychan, the founder of a church in Carmarthenshire called Llandingad, and of another called Llaningad or Dingatstowet in Monmouthshire, where it is said he was buried. "He was of the congregation of Cattwg,‡ but like many others he must have entered that society in his old age. He is not to be confounded with another Saint, called Dingad ab Nudd Hael. The commemoration of Dingad ab Brychan is Nov. 1; and the chapels subject to Llan thenshire, is dedicated to another Cynog, who succeeded St. David as Archbishop of Menevia. Cognacio, and Bonedd y Saint. + Generally written Dingestow or Dynstow. Cambrian Biography. dingad are Llanfair ar y Bryn (St. Mary,) Capel Peulin (St. Paulinus,) Capel Cynfab (St. Cynfab,) and Eglwys Newydd, the last two of which have been some time in ruins. Dingatstowe has one chapel, Tregaer (St. Mary.) 4. Arthen, the fourth son, is stated in Bonedd y Saint to have been buried in the Isle of Man ;* and according to the Truman MS. there was a church dedicated to him in Gwynllwg, Monmouthshire, which was demolished by the Saxons. The Cognacio says he was the father of Cynon who lived near Llynsafaddan, or Llangorse Pool, Brecknockshire. 5. Cyflefyr;-as the Cognacio and the MS. of Llewelyn Offeiriad+ state that he was the son of Dingad and grandson of Brychan, he may, upon their authority, be considered as such, and restored to his proper generation. The Cognacio intimates that he suffered martyrdom at a place since called Merthyr Cyflefyr, and the Truman MS. says that he was murdered by the Saxons in Cardiganshire ; but it does not appear where Merthyr Cyflefyr is situated, as no place is known by that name in the county which the two authorities taken together would indicate.|| 6. Rhain, surnamed Dremrudd, was the only son of Brychad, who, besides Clydwyn, embraced a military life. He succeeded to the eastern part of his father's possessions, which he transmitted to his descendants; and according to the Cog Qu. Mona, Anglesey? In the archives of Jesus College, Oxford. + Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 59. There is, or was lately, a stone in the parish of Crickhowel, Brecknockshire, with an inscription, part of which a writer in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1768 conjectured to be-VERI TR FILIUS DUNOCATI, and if this reading were correct, it might point out the burying-place of Cyflefyr the son of Dingad; but the Historian of Brecknockshire says those letters may be "any thing the antiquary supposes or wishes them to be," and another part of the inscription, more legible, shows that the stone was erected over the grave of Turpilius.—Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. II. p. 433, and Plate VI. Fig. 4. nacio, as explained by Mr. Theophilus Jones,* he was buried at Llandefaelog Fach near Brecon. The catalogue in the Archaiology of Wales, which says he was a saint in Lincolnshire, is therefore mistaken, the solitary instance of connexion with so distant a county being of itself improbable; and when it is stated by the same authority that he had a church in the Isle of Man, he appears to be confounded with one of his brothers, named Rhwfan or Rhawin. 7. Dyfnan son of Brychan, was the founder of Llanddyfnan in Anglesey, where he was buried.† Its chapels are Llanbedr Goch (St. Peter,) Pentraeth (St. Mary,) and Llanfair ym Mathafarn Eithaf (St. Mary.) The festival of St. Dyfnan is April 23. 8. Gerwyn, or as others Berwyn, son of Brychan, a saint who settled in Cornwall. Mr. Owen, from Achau y Saint, says he was slain in the isle of Gerwyn; but as it is also recorded that there was another Gerwyn, the son of Brynach Wyddel, by Corth one of the daughters of Brychan, it may be concluded that they were the same person, and that the latter account is the true one, thus adding one more to the list of grandchildren. Gerwyn, the son of Brynach Wyddel, is said to have had three sisters-Mwynen, Gwennan, and Gwenlliw, who in one MS. are all called daughters of Brychan, affording another instance of the confusion of two generations, though their names do not appear in the list of children in the Myvyrian Archaiology. 9. Cadog, the son of Brychan, is said to have been buried in France, which identifies him with Rheidiog in the Cognacio and Llewelyn Offeiriad. He is not to be confounded with Cattwg the abbot of Llancarfan, who was a descendant of * History of Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 61, and Vol. II. p. 174. † Myv. Archaiology, Vol. II. p. 39. Compare "Mwynen" in the Myv. Archaiology, Vol. II. p. 40. with the two names "Gerwyn" in the Cambrian Biography. Brychan in the second, if not in the third, degree. The distinction did not escape Cressy, who falls into a great part of the confusion, though he warns his reader against it. According to this author, he died A. D. 490, and is commemorated in the Calendar Jan. 24. The churches founded by him are-Llanspyddyd, Brecknockshire, subject to which is the chapel of Bettws or Penpont; and Llangadog Fawr, Carmarthenshire, under which are Llanddeusant (St. Simon and St. Jude,) Capel Gwynfai, and Capel Tydyst now in ruins. There was formerly a chapel in the parish of Kidwelly dedicated to Cadog, and perhaps one or two churches, which have been confounded with those attributed to Cattwg, ought to be added to the number. 10. Mathaiarn was a saint in Cardiganshire, or, according to the Cognacio and Llewelyn Offeiriad, in Cyfeiliog, Montgomeryshire, where there is a place still called Mathafarn. In the list of Llewelyn this saint is called Marchai. 11. Pasgen, Neffai, and Pabiali, according to Bonedd y Saint, were all of them sons of Brychan by a Spanish woman, and they went to Spain, where they became saints and legislators; but as the distance of Spain renders this story unlikely, those authorities are more probable which say that Pasgen was the son of Dingad, and therefore a grandson of Brychan.* 12. Neffai is not mentioned in the Cognacio and Llewelyn's MS. unless he be the same as Dedyn or Neubedd, the son of Clydwyn. *It has been suggested that a stone, which formerly existed in the church-yard of Tywyn, Merionethshire, having on it the letters PAS. CANT without any further explanation, was a monument to the memory of the son of Dingad; and though the circumstance of other persons, named Pasgen, occurring in Welsh history, may so far render the fact uncertain, the coincidence that Gwenddydd, a daughter of Brychan, is recorded as one of the Saints of the place, seems to offer a strong con. firmation of the supposition. 13. Pabiali is called Papai by the Cognacio and Llewelyn. He is described as the son of Brychan, and it is added that the Irish call him Pianno, Pivannus, and Piapponus. 14. Llecheu lived at Tregaian in Anglesey, or, as others, at Llanllecheu, in Ewyas, Herefordshire.* 15. Cynbryd was the founder of Llanddulas, Denbighshire, and was slain by the Saxons at a place called Bwlch Cynbryd. His commemoration is March 19. 16. Cynfran, the founder of Llysfaen in Rhos, Denbighshire, where, according to Edward Llwyd, there is a well called Ffynnon Gynfran, at which offerings used to be made to the saint to procure his blessing upon cattle. 17. Hychan, the saint of Llanhychan in the vale of Clwyd. No further particulars are known of him; but as neither this, nor the three saints preceding, are to be found in the lists of the Cognacio and Llewelyn Offeiriad, it may be suspected they were grandsons of the Brecknockshire chieftain. festival of Hychan is Aug. 8. The 18. Dyfrig; the Truman MS. says, with the appearance of correctness, that he was Dubricius, the Archbishop of Llandaff, and the time, in which the latter flourished, agrees with the probable date of the grandchildren of Brychan; but the particulars of his life must be reserved for the next generation. Another authority,† which says he was a saint in Cardiganshire, appears to have mistaken him for the saint of Llandyfrïog in that county, who was the son of Dingad ab Nudd Hael. 19. Cynin, according to the Cognacio, was the son of Tudwal Befr by a daughter of Brychan. He was the founder of Llangynin near St. Clears, Carmarthenshire. Achau y Saint * Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 59. +Myvyrian Archaiology, Vol. II. p. 39. Llangynin is now a chapel subject to St. Clears, but as the latter is of Norman dedication, the chapel and church have probably changed their relationship. |