at an early date into a limited liability, retaining the chief interest in his own hands. With his large fortune he built an imposing house at Cragside, near Rothbury, and devoted himself to laying out the extensive grounds and gardens on a scale of unparalleled originality and of great beauty. He was devoted to gardening and was a keen fisherman, both of which pursuits he continued almost to the end of his life. In 1893 he purchased from the Crewe trustees the fine place Bamborough Castle, on the restoration of which to its original state he spent large sums, intending to devote a portion of the interior buildings for use as a county sanatorium; and he gave to Newcastle Jesmond Dene, a picturesque park with a hall and natural history museum. He took a deep interest in all local affairs, and was a frequent benefactor to his native town, the Cathedral, the Hospital, and the Mechanic's Institute having been largely endowed by him. A Liberal in politics until after the introduction of the Home Rule Bill, he stood as a Liberal Unionist in 1886 against Mr. John Morley, but was defeated, and in

the following year a peerage was conferred upon him.

He received the honorary degree of LL.D. at Cambridge in 1862, and that of D.C.L. at Oxford eight years later. Lord Armstrong was a Knight Commander of the Danish Order of the Dannebrog, of the Austrian Order of Francis Josef, of the Brazilian Order of the Rose, and a Grand Officer of the Italian Order of SS. Maurice and Lazarus. Among his published works are "Recent Discussions on the Abolition of Patents for Inventions" (1869), "The Industrial Resources of the Three Northern Rivers, the Tyne, Wear and Tees, Including Reports on Local Manufactures" (1864), "Proposals for a System of Technical Education" (1878), and "A Visit to Egypt in 1872, Described in Four Lectures" (1874).

He died at Rothbury on December 27, after a comparatively short illness, although for some time his strength had been failing. By his own request he was buried in an unostentatious manner and laid beside his wife, who had died eight years previously.

On the 1st, at Woodsome Hall, Huddersfield, aged 78, Dowager Countess of Dartmouth, Lady Augusta Finch, daughter of fifth Earl of Aylesford. Married, 1846, fifth Earl of Dartmouth. On the 1st, at Monaghan, aged 67, Daniel Macaleese, M.P. Began life as a shoemaker and was successively clerk, printer's reader, newspaper reporter, editor and proprietor; sentenced to four months' imprisonment and a fine on the newspaper for contempt of court in charging the judges with partiality in the trial of the Belfast riot cases; sat as a Nationalist and Healyite for North Monaghan since 1895. On the 1st, at Clifton Springs, New York, U.S.A., aged 76, Hon. Donald MacInnes. Born in Scotland; emigrated to Canada, 1840; founded a large dry goods business at Hamilton and subsequently took a leading part in the industry of the colony; appointed Member of the Senate, 1881. Married, 1863, Mary Amelia, daughter of Hon. Sir J. B. Robinson, Chief Justice of Upper Canada. On the 2nd, at Ketteringham Park, Norfolk, aged 70, Sir Francis George Maningham Boileau, F.S.A., second baronet. Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1855; took an active part in county affairs and was a prominent Freemason. Married, 1860, Lucy H., daughter of Sir George Nugent, second baronet. On the 2nd, at Edinburgh, aged 76, Major-General Roderick Donald Macpherson. Entered the Bengal Army, 1841; served in the Burmese War, 1852-3; the Sorthal War, 1858. On the 2nd, at Brighton, aged 42, Countess of Kinnoull, Josephine Maria, daughter of John Hawke. Married, 1879, Viscount Dupplin (afterwards twelfth Earl of Kinnoull); judicially separated, 1885. On the 4th, at London, aged 56, Emily Marion Harris, an earnest worker for girls' clubs and similar institutions, especially for Jewesses. Author of a "Narrative of the Bible for Children,' "Estelle," "Four Messengers," etc. On the 5th, at Thaba N'chu, South Africa, aged 52, Rev. Herbert Crosthwaite. Born and educated at Liverpool for a mercantile career; emigrated to the Cape, but in 1884 was ordained and devoted himself to the service of the Kaffirs and Zulus; appointed Rector of Beaconsfield, near Kimberley, and afterwards of Thaba N'chu, where he remained during the Boer occupation. On the 5th, at Sloane Street, London, aged 52, Earl of Donoughmore, John Luke George Hely-Hutchinson, fifth earl. Educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford; B.A., 1870; Assistant Commissioner for organising Eastern Roumelia, 1878-9. Married, 1874, Frances Isabella, daughter of General Stephens. On the 5th, at Claridge's Hotel, London, aged 72, Baroness von Schröder, Dorothea Evelina Schlürser, of St. Petersburg. Married, 1850, John Henry, Baron Schröder (Prussia) and baronet of the United Kingdom.

She was an active philanthropist. On the 6th, at Holwood Park, Keston, aged 76, Dowager Countess of Derby, Lady Mary Sackville, daughter of fifth Earl de la Warr. Married, first, 1847, second Marquess of Salisbury; and second, 1870, fifth Earl of Derby. On the 6th, at Pimlico, aged 52, Rev. Alfred William Momerie, D.D., son of a Congregationalist minister. Educated at the City of London School; graduated at Edinburgh University with First Class Honours in Philosophy, 1875, and at St. John's College, Cambridge, as First of First Class in Moral Science Tripos, 1877; Fellow of St. John's, 1879; Professor of Logic and Metaphysics, King's College, London, 1880-91; Preacher at the Foundling Hospital, 1883-91; author of several volumes of sermons, etc., of which the broad views caused him to vacate his offices. On the 7th, at Maida Vale, London, aged 87, Henry Russell, a popular song-writer and singer. Born at Sheerness, where he appeared on the stage at the age of three years; began life as a chemist's assistant, but shortly after devoted himself to learning music, and, by the help of a lady, continued his studies in Italy and Paris; returned to London in 1830 and sang in concerts. In 1832 he went to the United States, where he set popular songs to music and gave popular entertainments, which were a great success. These he continued in London down to 1861. He was the author of Cheer, Boys, Cheer," "A Good Time Coming, Boys," and "Woodman, Spare That Tree," and many other popular songs, for which he collaborated with Eliza Cook, Dickens, Thackeray, Longfellow and others. On the 7th, at Dublin, aged 54, James M'Ivor, a learned and accomplished scholar. Educated at Trinity College, Dublin; Gold Medallist in Ethics and other distinctions; called to the Irish Bar, 1871; appointed Librarian to the Honourable Society of King's Inns, 1884. On the 8th, at Bath, aged 94, Horatio Nelson Goddard, of Clyffe Manor, Wootton Bassett. Educated at Brasenose College, Oxford; Major of the Wilts Militia. Married, first, 1840, Anne Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. T. le Mesurier; and second, 1852, Eliza Agnes, daughter of William Walford, of Tipford Hall. On the 8th, at Mentone, aged 63, Sir Alfred Henry Bevan, son of Charles James Bevan. A partner in the brewery business of Barclay, Perkins & Co.; a prominent Churchman, contributing largely to the restoration of St. Saviour's, Southwark; a leading Freemason and Grand Treasurer of the Order. Married, 1864, Louisa, daughter of Niven Kerr, H.B.M. Consul at Dunkirk. On the 9th, at Ennismore Gardens, Hyde Park, aged 64, Lady Lyttelton, Sybella Harriet, daughter of George Clive, M.P., of Perrystone Court, Herefordshire. Married, first, 1861, Humphry Francis Mildmay, M.P., of Shoreham Place, Kent; and second, 1869, George William, fourth Lord Lyttelton. On the 9th, at Montagu Square, London, aged 69, Rev. the Hon. George Barrington Legge, son of fourth Earl of Dartmouth. Educated at Eton; entered the Rifle Brigade, 1849; served throughout the Kaffir War, 1852-3, and the Crimea War, 1854-5, with distinction; retired from the Army and ordained, 1859; Vicar of Packington, Warwick, 1860-78; of Whittington, 1878-82. Married, 1860, Sophie Frances, daughter of George Levett, of Wichnor Park, Lichfield. On the 11th, at Algiers, aged 64, The Earl of Harrowby, Henry Dudley Stuart Ryder, fourth earl. Educated at

Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford; was a partner in Messrs. Coutts' bank and President of the Institute of Bankers. Married, 1859, Susan Juliana, daughter of Villiers Dent, of Barton Cliff, Hants. On the 12th, at George Street, Manchester Square, aged 70, Monsignor Michael Barry. Born at Wexford; educated at St. Edmund's College, Old Hall Green; Curate, and afterwards Rector, of St. James's, Spanish Place, which he rebuilt on a new site at a cost of 60,000l.; Canon of Westminster, 1888; Vicar-General, 1895; and Provost of the Chapter, 1897. On the 12th, at Newmarket, aged 77, Thomas Jennings, a successful horse trainer. Born at Newmarket; apprenticed to his uncle, Thomas Carter, in France, where he first rode as a jockey, 1836; engaged by Prince Eugene of Savoy in Italy, 1841-50; returned to France and trained for M. Aumont, Comte de la Grange and Baron Nivière with great success, including "Fille de l'Air," "Gladiateur," etc., and subsequently for M. Lefèvre and Prince Soltykoff. On the 13th, at Springfontein, South Africa, aged 22, Lord O'Hagan, Thomas Towneley O'Hagan, second baron. Educated at Sandhurst; entered the Grenadier Guards, 1897; served through the South African War and died of enteric fever. On the 14th, at Belvoir Castle, aged 34, Lady Katharine Manners, daughter of seventh Duke of Rutland. On the 15th, at Rome, aged 55, Sir John Conroy, F.R.S., third baronet. Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; graduated, 1866 (First Class Natural Science); Fellow of Balliol College, 1867, and Bedford Lecturer. On the 15th, at Erskine House, Glasgow, aged 82, Lord Blantyre, Charles Stuart, twelfth baron. Representative Peer of Scotland, 1850-92; founded a Mission Hall at Bishopton, where he occasionally conducted

the services, and as a Clydeside proprietor was in constant and costly litigation
with the Trustees. Married, 1843, Lady Evelyn Leveson-Gower, daughter of
second Duke of Sutherland. On the 15th, at New Hall, Salisbury, aged 71,
Alfred Buckley, son of General Edward Pery Buckley. Educated at Eton and
Trinity College, Cambridge; appointed to the Admiralty, 1851-6; took a pro-
minent part in local politics and affairs. Married, 1858, Geraldine Mary,
daughter of Captain George St. John Mildmay, R.N. On the 19th, at Hackney
College, Hampstead, aged 53, Rev. Alfred Cave, D.D., an eminent scholar and
Congregationalist minister. Originally educated for the medical profession;
entered New College, Regent's Park, 1866; graduated B.A., University of London,
1871; Pastor at Berkhamstead and Watford, 1872-80; Professor of Hebrew and
Church History at Hackney College, 1880; Principal, 1882; author of numerous
theological and controversial works. Married, 1872, Sarah, widow of William
Hallifax, of Berkhamstead. On the 19th, at Albemarle Street, London, aged 61,
Rev. Edward Mallet Young. Graduated B.A. at Trinity College, Cambridge
(seventh Classic); Fellow of Trinity, 1865-78; Assistant Master at Harrow,
1865-78; Headmaster of Sherbourne School, 1878-92; Vicar of Rothbury,
Northumberland, 1895. On the 20th, at Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, aged 80,
Frederick Richard Pickersgill, R.A., nephew of H. W. Pickersgill, R.A. Studied
at the Royal Academy Schools; exhibited his first picture, The Brazen Age,"
1839; illustrated Spencer's "Faerie Queene" in a series of pictures exhibited at
intervals, 1841-55; 'The Burial of Harold," purchased for the Houses of Parlia-
ment, 1847; elected an Associate, 1847, and Academician, 1857; was Keeper of
the Academy, 1873-87; and retired in 1888, having ceased to exhibit, except in
1875, since 1871. On the 21st, at Belfast, aged 81, Vere Henry Louis Foster, a
distinguished philanthropist and educationalist, son of Sir Augustus Foster,
British Minister at Denmark. Entered the Diplomatic Service, but in 1847 took
a leading part in organising Relief Committees in Ireland during the Irish
famine, and devoted his life to Irish education and emigration, and in 1867
assisted 25,000 Irish girls to emigrate. He was the projector of a series of
writing, drawing and painting books much used in National Schools. On the
21st, at Quellendorf, aged 90, Field-Marshal von Blumenthal. Born at Schwedt-
on-Oder; entered the Army at an early age and after a brilliant career was
appointed Aide-de-camp to Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia, 1858; Chief of
the Staff of the Flying Army Corps in the Prusso-Danish War, 1863, and of the
Second Army Corps in the Austro-Prussian War, 1866; and Chief of the General
Staff of the Army under the Crown Prince in the Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1,
and was the chief adviser in the operations round Sedan and in the investment
of Paris; created a Count in 1883 and Field-Marshal in 1888, and retired in 1898.
Married, 1862, Delicia Anne, daughter of Robert T. Vyner, of Eathorpe, Warwick-
shire. On the 22nd, at Beckford Manor, Tewkesbury, aged 70, Lord Dormer, John
Baptist Joseph Dormer, twelfth baron. Entered the Royal Horse Guards, 1850;
exchanged and served with Grenadier Guards in the Crimea, 1854-5, and after-
wards in 79th Highlanders, 1858-68. Married, first, 1866, Louisa, daughter of
Colonel Tenison; second, 1871, Léonie, daughter of M. Fortamps and widow of
Count Alfred de Beuren; and third, 1885, Emily Constance Campbell, daughter
of John Bald, of Monzie Castle, Perthshire. On the 24th, at Edinburgh, aged 77,
Sir Thomas Clark, F.R.S.E., first baronet, son of John Clark, publisher. Educated
at Edinburgh High School; entered the firm, 1846, and became head of the
publishing house; Assessor of Edinburgh University, 1878-85; Master of the
Merchants' Company of Edinburgh, 1884-5; Lord Provost of Edinburgh, 1885-8.
Married, 1851, Eliza Maule, daughter of Rev. G. R. Davidson, of the Free
Church. On the 25th, at Osborne, Isle of Wight, aged 70, Dowager Lady
Churchill, Lady of the Bedchamber since 1854, Lady Jane Conyngham, daughter
of second Marquess Conyngham, K.P. Married, 1849, second Baron Churchill.
On the 25th, at Southbourne, Hants, aged 65, Edmund M. Wimperis, R.I., son of
E. Wimperis, of Chester. Came to London at an early age and studied wood-
engraving under Birket Foster; worked many years for the Illustrated London
News; subsequently devoted himself to landscape painting in water-colours and
afterwards in oils; Member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water-Colours, and
Vice-President. Married daughter of Walter Edmunds, of Penzance. On the
27th, at Lisbon, aged 54, Alexandre Alberto de la Roche de Serpa Pinto, a Portu-
guese adventurer and explorer. Born in Northern Portugal, 1846; taken by his
father, a strong Royalist, to America, 1848; returned te Portugal, 1858, and was
educated at the Military School at Lisbon; entered the Army and took part in an
expedition to the Zambesi, which he ascended to near Victoria Falls; next
explored the Nyassa district and afterwards the basin between the Zambesi and

the Congo from Benguela to Pretoria, 1877-9; received the Founders' Medal of
the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1882; made further explorations in
South-East Africa, 1884-6; appointed Governor-General of Mozambique, 1889,
when with Captain Cardozo he attempted to extend Portuguese influence in
Nyassaland, but was stopped by the British Government, which insisted on his
instant disavowal; returned to Lisbon, where he was received as a hero and
martyr, but died in obscurity. On the 28th, at Rowland's Castle, Havant, aged
89, Admiral George William Douglas O'Callaghan, son of General O'Callaghan.
Entered the Navy, 1825; distinguished himself in the capture of Malay and
Chinese pirates, 1834-46; served off the coast of Kamtshatka during the Russian
War, 1854-5, and with much distinction in the Chinese War, 1856-7. Married,
1860, Amy, daughter of T. Barton. On the 28th, at Deepdene, Dorking, aged 53,
Lord William de la Poer Beresford, V.C., son of fourth Marquess of Waterford.
Educated at Eton; entered the Army, 1867; served with 7th Lancers in the
Afredi Expedition, 1877-8; in the Zulu War with great distinction, 1879; in the
Afghan War, 1880; Aide-de-camp to the Viceroy of India, 1876-80, and Military
Secretary, 1882-94, where he was the most popular and most active member of
the Viceregal Court. He was a keen sportsman, a splendid steeple-chase rider,
polo player, amateur actor, etc. On his return to England he began racing, and
introduced American horses and jockeys, with which he was very successful.
Married, 1895, Lily Warren, daughter of Commodore Price, of New York, and
widow successively of Mr. Louis Hammersley, of New York, and of the eighth Duke
of Marlborough. On the 29th, at Hurdcote House, Salisbury, aged 38, John Henry
Leech, F.R.G.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., son of John Leech, of Gorse Hall, Cheshire. Edu-
cated at Eton and Trinity Hall, Cambridge; a distinguished entomologist and
had travelled much in Brazil, Northern India, Central Asia, Corea, etc.; author
of " British Pyralida" (1886), "The Butterflies of China, Japan and Corea "
(1894), etc. Married, 1889, Beatrice E., daughter of Benjamin Leatt Wias, of
Philadelphia, U.S.A. On the 30th, at Stanhope Place, Hyde Park, aged 86,
William Pole, F.R.S., Mus.Doc. Born and educated at Birmingham, where he
studied engineering; Professor of Civil Engineering at the Elphinstone College,
Bombay, 1844-7; at University College, London, and Lecturer at the Royal
Engineer Establishment, Chatham, 1859-67; F.R.S., 1861; graduated from St.
John's College, Oxford; Bachelor of Music, 1860; Mus. Doc., 1867; Member of
Committee on Iron Armour, 1862-4; of Royal Commission on Railways, 1865-7;
on Water Supply, 1867-9; and on Thames Pollution, 1882-4; Consulting Engineer
for the Imperial Japanese Railways, 1871-83; author of numerous scientific
works and treatises, also of "Life of Sir William Fairbairn" (1877), “Life of Sir
William Siemens" (1888), and of "The Evolution of Whist" (1890), of which
game he was a most scientific exponent, but an indifferent player.

INDEX.

The figures between [ ] refer to PART I.