Germ plasm, continuity of, 362;

effect of environment upon,

369.
Gini, C., 391.
Glands, ductless, 213.
Goddard, H. H., 389.
Gods, character of, 542, 546-547;

representations of, 532, 544-545.
Group conflict, causes of, 121;

forms of, 138-139; and division
of labor, 460; and social classes,

143. See also, War.
Group marriage, 254, 261.
Group rivalry, 138-139.
Guyer, W. F., 364.

Hall, G. S., 393.
Harbors, 96-97.
Henderson, Y., 83.
Heredity, 42; defined, 326; laws of,

329–334, 340–341; meaning of,
366; methods of studying, 329;
multiple factors in, 344-345; and
coefficients of correlation, 359;
and environment, 358, 369-385;
and vigor of parents, 357.

See
also, Inheritance.
Heron, D., 279, 353.
Heterogeneity, in populations, 147,

149, 158, 182-183, 187, 450, 461;

in the individual, 226–227.
Heterogeneric selection, 76, 106;

effects of, 107; losses from, 107-

108, 386.
Hoffman, F. L., 108.
Holmes, S. J., 348, 352.
Homogeneity, in populations, 182;

of species, 225.
Hormones, 213.
Horse, social value of, 114, 116.
Holborn, I. B. S., 490.
Howell, W. H., 327.
Humidity, effects of, 84, 87-88.
Hunting stage of development, 89–

90, 122, 257, 552.
Huntington, E., 87-88, 92.
Hurst, C. C., 343.

33; life as the, 23–24; the social,

19, 28–29; 31.
Imitation, 50; changes in, 461;

conflicts in, 442; defined, 425; ex-
pansion of, 441-442; forms of,
431; involuntary, 431; laws of,
435; modifications of, 443; non-
rational, 341, 441; purpose of,
432, 445; reciprocal, 438-439; ra-
tional, 431, 441; of ancestors,
439; of contemporaries, 440; of
external acts, 440-441; of infe-
riors, 438; of superiors, 437-481;
and opposition, 446,448; and

social intercourse, 434.
Immigration, 36; effect on the birth

rate, 310-315; and eugenics, 404,
407; and morality, 473; and se-

lection, 315.
Inbreeding, 227–22°.
Individual development, 113, 160,

553; through art, 490-492;
through association, 60, 417–418;
and a desire for approbation, 420;

and the family, 256.
Individualism, 196.
Induction, 62.
Infant mortality, see Mortality.
Inheritance, alternative, 328–329,

333; blended, 328–329; defined,
326; effects of use and disuse of
parts on, 363–366; forms of,
328–329; particulate, 328–329;
psychological tests of, 371-372;
statistical evidence of, 373–376;
of abnormalities, 343, 345–346; of
acquired characters, 362–366; of
disease, 366; of eye-color, 344; of
epilepsy, 349; of intemperance,
367-368; of feeble-mindedness,
347; of mental traits, 336-339,
346-355 ; of mutilations, 363; of
skin-color, 344; in defectives,
360; in royalty, 337. See also,

Heredity.
Inherited characters, 327.
Inorganic selection, 76, 106, 386; de-

fects of, 77-81; value of, 77. See

also, Genetic selection.
Inquisition, 514.
Insane, numbers of, 388–389, 391.
Insanity, inheritance of, 351-355.

Ideal, various statements of the, 24;

fraternity as the, 31; freedom as
the, 28; the individual, 19; indi-
vidual and social compared, 32-

SO-

manitarian, 479-481; origin of,
466-467; personal, 474-475; rela-
tive, 465-466; sanctions

for,
468-469; sexual, 476–479;
cial, 481-482; two aspects of,
466; and art, 492, 499, 563; and
the ideal, 483; and militarism,
476; and religion,

536; and
wealth, 478.
Morgan, L. H., III, 113.
Morgan, T. H., 358.
Morris, W., 505.
Mortality, infant, 77, 281; causes of,

78, and selection, 79. See also,

Death rates.
Mott, F. W., 382.
Müller, Max, 512, 554.
Music, 493, 498.
Mutilations, inheritance of, 363.
Myth formation, 531.

Nearing, N. S., 393.
Negroes, 37, 82, 450.
Newsholme, A., 277, 283, 294.
Niceforo, A., 380.
Non-resistance, principle of, 455-

457.
Novicow, J., 129-130.
Occupational groups, assortative

mating in, 247-248; rate of re-

production in, 392.
Occupations, effects of, 383–384.
Old age, causes of, 301-302.
Opposition, degrees of, 445, 452,

459; functions of, 448–452; mean-
ing of, 445; modifications in, 458–
459; racial, 450; and imitation,
446; and socialization, 446, 449;

454, 459-460.
Organic concept of society, 30, 557.

Pearson, K., 107, 215, 121, 233, 246–

247, 279, 281, 297, 329-330, 332-
333, 335-337, 339, 353, 358-359,

367, 375, 397, 399.
Personality, growth of, 417; ideal

development of, 419.
Peschel, O., 545.
Physical environment, see Environ-

ment.
Physics, 512, 520–522; origins of,

518.
Political activities, 76.
Politics, 527; origin of, 522.
Popenoe, P., 348–349.
Population, density of, 148–149;

forces affecting, 295–296; hetero-
geneity of, 182–183, 187; homo-
geneity in, 182; law of, 307,
movement of, 98; theories of, 284-
294; and food supply, 291; and

standard of living, 294, 296.
Polyandry, 254-255; advantages of,

267; causes of, 262–264; Nair,
261; Thibetan, 261, 267; and eco-

nomic conditions, 260.
Polygymy, 254–255, 260, 553; ad-

vantages of, 267; defects of,
268; and economic conditions,
262–264; and position of women,

267.
Polytheism, 532.
Poverty, 169.
Powys, A. O., 392.
Primitive family, 255—256, 258, 266.
Progress, 54-55, 158–159, 434; dis-

tinguished from degeneration, II;
processes of, 31, 42-56; in terms
of adaptation, 34-35; and evolu-
tion, 10-11; and growth, 10-11;
and sex reproduction, 226. See

also, Social Evolution.
Promiscuity, 253.
Proprietary family, 254–256; char-

acteristics of, 257.
Psycho-analysts, 248.
Psychology, origin of, 519, 525.
Public opinion, 47, 468-469, 473,

481.
Punnett, R., 349.

Parental affection, 209–210.
Particulate inheritance, 328–329.
Pastoral life, 104, 113, 257, 261,

518, 522; causes of, 90; effects of
on the arts, 92; effect of on men-
tal and moral traits, 92-93; and

war, 122.
Patten, S. N., 34, 66.
Pearl, R., 366, 343.

Quichuans, 90, 100, 115.

Race conflicts, 183.
Rainfall, 91-92.
Ramaley, F., 343.
Reasoning, methods of, deductive,

12; inductive, 12; method of con-
comitant variations, 15; method

of difference, 13
Recreation, as a desire, 68.
Regression, 330–331.
Religion, 62, 554-556, 561; af-

fected by mental development,
554, 548; affected by militarism,
547-548; conservative nature of,
539-540; defined, 535; develop-
ment of, 541-544; effect of phys-
ical environment on, 541, 548;
functions of, 538–541; future of,
549; influenced by political con-
ditions, 545-547; as means of so-
cial control, 469; and art, 537-

538; and science, 521, 535-537.
Religions, classification of, 529, eth-

ical, 533-534, 538; nature, 529–

533, 538.
Religious celibacy and sexual selec-

tion, 240–241.
Reproduction, 209; rates of, 397.

See also, Birth rates, and Fer-

tility.
Romanes, G. J., 42.
Rome, morality in ancient, 471-

472.
Rosanoff, A. J., 355.
Rosanoff and Orr, 354.
Ross, E. A., 67, 426, 436.
Rowntree, B. S., 289.

Sea-faring life, causes of, 93.
Sea-faring peoples, characteristics

of, 94.

Science, 508, 561-562; defined, 508;

Social classes, birth rates in intel-

lectual, 419; birth rates in lower,
404-407; birth rates in superior,
407-412; rates of reproduction in,
391, 398, 412; ideal rates of re-
production in, 398-401; elimina-
tion of, 170-174; numerical dis-
tribution of, 170; psychological

192; problems of, 566; and con-

trol of industry, 178–179.
Stevenson, T. H. C., 391, 398.
Struggle of groups, see War.
Struggle of individuals, with ani-

mals, 104; with one another,
140-141; with parasites, 105-106;
with plants, 104; selective effects

of, 141-142.
Struggle for life, 155, 552-553; di-

rect, 194; indirect, 104, 109–111.
Subnormals, see Degenerates.
Sumner, W. G., 466.
Suggestion, affected by the emotions,

430; defined, 426; how received,
427-428; and intelligence, 429–430.
Suggestibility, degrees of, 428; of
physical states, 435; of mental

states, 436.
Suicide, 75.
Sunlight, effects of, 84.
Superiors, reproduction of, 399.
Superorganic products, 36, 39.
Survival of the unfit, 7; effects of,

80, remedy for, 80.
Sympathy, 482.

Taine, H., 497.
Tarde, G., 149, 425, 435 f, 440-441.
Temperature, effects of, 87-88.
Thiele, C. P., 529, 534.
Thomas, H. W., 109.
Thompson, H. P., 215.
Thomson, J. A., 326.
Thorndike, E. L., 215, 365, 372.
Tolstoi, L., 485-486.
Truthfulness, 480-481.
Tuberculosis, 107–109; inheritance

of, 335, 353.
Twins, 371.

Variations, 42-43, 55, 158; 326-