mitting, shall start for Sonora to purchase beef cattle, sheep, fowls, &c., &c., &c. Shall be gone ten days. I shall not go up to the Legislature, being short of funds and not being able to see where I can make the ends meet. I shall return to Tucson in time to attend the Court in October.

"Will you please send me, either by Judge Howell, or before, the things which I sent for, with the following: Four or five good French flannel shirts (to wear in place of white), several brown linen shirts, and two or three extra thick pants good quality and fashionable style. Several pairs of boots, socks, &c. &c. Goods are very high here. Pants worth from 18 to $30 gold, and everything in proportion.

"Should you conclude to invest at the present state of things, have the drafts which you forward made payable in San Francisco. The persons of whom I should buy would be mostly Mexicans, and I could purchase for very low figures by drafts on California.

"I write in great haste. Love to all.

"Your affectionate son,

"JONATHAN.

"Arizona Territory, Tubac, Oct. 3rd, 1864. "Dear Father:

"As I promised in my last letter to you from the Santa Rita to give you a brief account of my trip into Sonora, in the following I comply:

"I left the Santa Rita Silver Mines in company with Mr. Wm. Wrightson, Mr. Locke, Mr. D. G. W. Hopkins, Agt. of the Maricopa Copper Mining Co., and four others on the 17th of August for the purpose of buying supplies for the Santa Rita (in Sonora).

"Our first drive was to Calabasas, an old Spanish fort twenty miles south of this place, where we camped for the night. The fort is occupied as a vidette station by a few of Company L. 1st. Cav. C. V. We crossed the line about nine o'clock on the following day, some twelve miles from Calabasas. A large stone monument marks the boundary, the Lat. and Long. being given on its face. A few miles below we passed the remains of a horse and its rider, a Mexican boy, which had been killed by a party of Indians the day we left the mines. There were three in the party two of which escaped with slight wounds. At five o'clock in the afternoon we camped at Elias ranch twelve miles this side of the first Pueblo (village) in Sonora. On the following day we drove twenty miles passing down a rich valley through which flows a never failing stream of water. After passing the first town (Imeras) we found the valley under cultivation, corn, sugar cane, and tobacco being the principal products for the second crop, the first throughout the entire country being what is harvested in June and the ground prepared for the crops mentioned as now maturing.

On passing through the village we would see fine orchards with trees drooping with fruits, oranges, pomegranates, figs, quinces, etc., in the gardens. Melons in abundance were to be found, which, by the way, are a common luxury during the entire year. At dark we dismounted at the house of Hosa Elias in San Ignacio, having passed through the villages of Imeras and Terrenate. San Ignacio is a small farming town of about eight hundred inhabitants, Hosa Elias being one of the most extensive dealers

with whom the mining companies of Arizona deal. A contract for the necessary supplies was entered into, and on the following day, at daybreak, our horses at the door, well fed and curried, we were not long in mounting and off for a 'paciar' to Magdalena, six miles below. Magdalena is one of the largest cities in Sonora. There are several extensive dealers who have large stocks of goods on hand, and are continually filling orders from Arizona and Northern Sonora. We remained in Magdalena but one day, returning to Ignacio where we remained one day feasting on the luxuries of the land, which, in my opinion, surpass those of the Orient.

"We returned by the same route, arriving here, on the 24th Aug. and at the mines on the 25th. I left the mines on the 26th Sept. intending to return to Tucson, and be on hand for the fall term of court to be begun and held on the last Tuesday of this month. On arriving here I learned that there were but six white men remaining in Tucson, the delegates to the Legislature having answered the call of the Governor by going north; many having left with the troops for the Rio Grande, and others whom I met here with their families, en route to Magdalena to attend the fiesta on the first four days of this month. H. McWard, Deputy Collector of Customs at this place, wishing to join them, by his desire I agreed to act the part of Collector during his absence, knowing it would be impossible for me to go to Tucson before the parties return from the feast.

"Your partnership letters to Judge Howell and myself I have duly acknowledged, but would

now give you an idea of the situation of this country, when you may judge if an investment at the present state of affairs would be advisable. "The troops that have been stationed in this part of the territory have enabled what few white settlers there are here, to get a start, some prospecting and opening mines for market; others raising stock, etc., and all in a fair way doing well, but what should come but an order withdrawing the troops from this section of the country, (with the exception of one company now stationed at this place). The whites are obliged to gather into the towns for protection until they can see some opportunity of getting out of the country, leaving everything behind.

"The only hope that the Tucson people have is that the Legislature will be adjourned to that place; if not, the people will be in readiness to leave the country. But two days ago a train of wagons belonging to Mr. Solomon Warner was attacked, the men killed and the property destroyed within twenty miles of here. The Indians got six good guns, a number of revolvers, ammunition, etc.

"The Silver Mines which are working in this vicinity are obliged to keep a strong force. The 'Serra Colorado' has employed about sixty white men, and about one hundred Mexicans. The 'Santa Rita' has but eight men all told, but there is a few of Co. L, 1st C. C. V. stationed there until they can get men. If these troops should be withdrawn, which is very probable, they would have to give up work.

"Now a few words on mining. Mines or parts of mines can be bought at a very reasonable figure, say from $100 to $400 (in gold). Mines

with whom the mining companies of Arizona deal. A contract for the necessary supplies was entered into, and on the following day, at daybreak, our horses at the door, well fed and curried, we were not long in mounting and off for a ‘paciar' to Magdalena, six miles below. Magdalena is one of the largest cities in Sonora. There are several extensive dealers who have large stocks of goods on hand, and are continually filling orders from Arizona and Northern Sonora. We remained in Magdalena but one day, returning to Ignacio where we remained one day feasting on the luxuries of the land, which, in my opinion, surpass those of the Orient.

"We returned by the same route, arriving here, on the 24th Aug. and at the mines on the 25th. I left the mines on the 26th Sept. intending to return to Tucson, and be on hand for the fall term of court to be begun and held on the last Tuesday of this month. On arriving here I learned that there were but six white men remaining in Tucson, the delegates to the Legislature having answered the call of the Governor by going north; many having left with the troops for the Rio Grande, and others whom I met here with their families, en route to Magdalena to attend the fiesta on the first four days of this month. H. McWard, Deputy Collector of Customs at this place, wishing to join them, by his desire I agreed to act the part of Collector during his absence, knowing it would be impossible for me to go to Tucson before the parties return from the feast.

"Your partnership letters to Judge Howell and myself I have duly acknowledged, but would