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he also noticed that the Pimas and Maricopas never had unsaddled their horses, so the next time he went down to the creek for water, he left the pails there, and went across the creek and stationed himself about a hundred and fifty yards from where the rest of the crowd were seated. Two long strips of white sheeting had been put down for the Indians to sit on. Some of the soldiers opened some packages of tobacco, and some calico, and had taken some of it out to give to the Indians. The Pimas and Maricopas were closing in, pretending to be watching as the presents were given out. I was sitting on a rock on the other side of the creek, a rock about the size of the body of a man, and didn't know that there was anything hidden behind it, but there was a spear lying there. Just then an Indian left the row of Indians who were sitting on the ground and came across the creek. He started to climb over a rock to go towards the hills from where we came, but before he got over a soldier came to him and pulled him down from the rock, and the soldier reached behind him and pulled his pistol out, but before he could fire the Indian reached under his shirt and pulled out his long-bladed knife, at the same time taking hold of the soldier's shoulder, and he struck the soldier right down the throat. The soldier fell backwards and the pistol was discharged as he fell. The Pimas and Maricopas and the soldiers closed in upon the other Indians, who attempted to escape, but volleys of shot were poured into them so that hardly any of them escaped sound in body. It is strange that no notice was taken of me. I was sitting there on a little rock and the first thing I knew I was behind the rock and just had my head so that I

could see across it. I noticed that an Indian had been shot down and that a Pima or a Maricopa was hitting him on the head to finish him. Just then the Pima or Maricopa reached for another stone, and the other Indian grabbed the spear which was behind the rock I was behind, and thrust it right through the Pima or Maricopa, and started to run away to the hills. The spear was shot out of his hand, but he got away into a little rocky, bushy ravine. I ran too, and fell under a bush and covered myself with leaves, and laid there as if I were dead, and stayed there until after it became dark.

"After I woke up I walked toward where I thought the camp was, but it was a hard trip. I did not see anybody, and the camp seemed deserted, and someone had already destroyed the belongings of those whom they supposed to be dead. I finally came to our camp and found that my family had also destroyed the things which had belonged to those they thought dead, and had moved their camp farther up the mountains. I learned from other Indians that all the camps had banded together with the big chief, Dela-cha, intending to ambush the raiders down below where there was a deep gulch through which the road led. Dela-cha had some young men out watching the soldiers and the Pimas and Maricopas, with orders to let him know just when the soldiers started to move camp on their return homeward. Before midnight the soldiers moved down the creek, and the Indians were all posted down at the deep gulch, where they could hear the horses' hoofs. Dela-cha told his men to creep up close to the road behind some bushes and rocks which were within a few yards of the road. Some of the

warriors were posted at the end of the gulch to give the signal when the last of the party should have entered it, and it happened that the soldiers were the rear guard of the party. The Apaches had only bows and arrows, but they made every shot count at that time; they never knew just how many they killed, but they captured three, and must have killed and wounded a great many.

"As I have said, there were two TontoApaches with the party, who were dressed in buckskin shirts and pants. Both were killed and it was found afterwards that they had been stripped of their buckskin clothing and all they had on. The old man who went down there with his bow and arrows after having been told that his three sons had gone down, stood the soldiers and Pimas and Maricopas off for a long time, by shooting with his bow and arrows, He finally turned and ran up the hill, but a bullet struck him in the back of his head when he reached the top of the hill. He seemed at that time to be out of reach of the bullets, but one reached him and killed him. He was criticized by some of the Indians afterwards for not staying near his boys and trying to protect them, then if he had been killed with the boys, it would have been expected.

"Here, before these very Apaches had ever seen a white man, or had ever had any opportunity to do him harm, they were set upon and massacred. The whites were misled by the Pimas and Maricopas who lived in the Gila and Salt River Valleys, and who were the deadly enemies of the Apaches. These Pimas and Maricopas led the white men to believe that the

Apaches were a bad and bloodthirsty people who lived in the mountains and only came down from there when they wanted to steal or kill people. The Apaches and the Pimas and Maricopas had been deadly enemies for years. The Pimas used to steal up on the Apaches in the night and mash their heads while they were asleep, men, women and children. Many were killed in this manner. The Pimas would also set fire to the camps of the Apaches after killing off the inhabitants in the middle of winter. One time the Maricopas killed a young couple who had just been married, and left the dead man and the dead woman together just as if they had been sleeping, with their arms around each other, after stripping them naked. Treatment like this will, of course, make any human being feel like getting even in some way. The Apaches, however, did not have many weapons to protect themselves; they only had bows and arrows. The arrows were made of sticks, with a little sharp stone in the end, and would not carry very far, the longest distance they would shoot being about a hundred and fifty yards, and they would do but little harm at that. Sometimes the arrows were made out of cane that grew along the river banks or around a spring of water. It took quite a lot of ingenuity to make them; they had to be of a certain length to fit the party who was going to use them, and also according to the size of the bow. The canes would first be cut and then dried, and then cut again to the proper length. Some men had long arms and some short, and it was usually the custom to measure the arrows according to the length of their arms. Then

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they would be taken to an old man who had a small blue stone, about four inches long, and one and a half to two inches thick, and having on each side a little hollow space, not very deep, but the size of an arrow and the whole length of the stone, with a little ridge in between the two hollow spaces. This stone was put close to a fire to become heated, but was not overheated. It was then put on a larger stone and the old man would rub the stick along it lengthways, and whenever there was a knot to be straightened out, he would rub it crossways on the middle. He would look through often with one eye as if sighting, and would keep on with this process until the arrow would be as smooth and straight as could be. The owner of the arrows was supposed to have everything in readiness, lots of feathers, and so on. feathers used were mostly black hawk feathers, but every man wanted eagle feathers if they could get them. It was hard to catch the eagles, however. About the only way was to find a nest and take out the young and keep them until they grew feathers, when they would pull the feathers out, and in course of time, the feathers would grow again. The same method had to be pursued with the hawks, and when a man owned some birds he would take good care of them, feed them well, etc., and the other Indians would come to him and buy feathers. They valued the eagle feathers most, however, because there is a legend among the Indians that the eagle takes people and everything he comes across to his lair up in the mountains to feed his young with, and also that the great eagle commands the weather and the winds.

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