35, 139, 163.

Deference, as ground of political
obedience, ii. 9, 14.

Delegations, in Austro-Hungary,
ii. 92.

Democracy and rigid constitu-

tions, i. 234-242.
Democratic character of Austra-

lian constitution, i. 535-539.
Demosthenes, quoted, ii. 126,
158.
Denmark, acquisition of Iceland
by, i. 357; constitution of, ii.
61, 63; divorce in, ii. 450.
Dicey, Prof. E., i. 157; ii. 267,
506.

Dictator, i. 170; ii. 55.

Diet, of empire, i. 323, 355, 376.
Diocletian, ii. 319, 342, 352.
Divorce: in Ireland, ii. 370, 382,
438; in Scotland, 382, 435-
438; in Roman law, 402-406;
influence of Christianity on
Roman law, 406-408; under
canon law, 433-435; later
law in England and Scotland,

435-438; laws in United
States, 439-443; American
statistics, 443-449; in modern
European countries, 450-453;
connexion with conjugal infi-
delity, 461-463; does English
law need amendment? 465-
469.

Donatio propter nuptias, ii. 398,

407, 432.

Dos, in Roman law, ii. 397, 406,
432.

Dower, ii. 420, 427, 432.
Drayton, quoted, ii. 150.
Droit Naturel, ii. 169, 173-178.
Duck, Arthur, ii. 160, 477.
Dutch law, in South Africa, i.

86, 109, 439.

Dutch republics, in South Africa,
i. 430-467.

Ecclesia, of Greek cities, i. 183;
ii. 297.

Ecclesiastical courts, ii. 420, 421,

435.

Edict of the praetor, i. 91, 92;.
ii. 275, 282-285, 291.
Edictum perpetuum, ii. 288.
Education, in Roman and In-

dian empires, i. 57, 73.
Edward I, legislation of, ii. 360.
Egypt, political position of, i. 35,

70, 102, 267, 282; ii. 61, 103.
El Azhar, mosque and university,
ii. 219-231.

Elegance, in Roman law, ii. 198,

495.
Emancipation of women, ii. 401,

458-460, 470.
Empedocles, quoted, ii. 126.
Emperor: as sovereign in middle

ages, ii. 80; as source of law
at Rome, ii. 308-321.
England: Roman empire com-
pared with British empire in
India, i. 1-84; extension of
English law throughout the

world, i. 85-144; the consti-
tution, i. 145-147, 152, 155-
158, 165, 168, 171, 172, 174,
183, 191, 192, 194, 206, 230,
244-249, 272; sovereignty of
Parliament, ii. 57, 61, 68, 90,
109; conception of equity as
affected by law of nature, ii.
164-167; analytic school of
jurisprudence, ii. 178-184;
want of elegance in English.
law, ii. 199; legal writers as
sources of law, ii. 260-269;
judges as sources of law, ii.
270-272, 278-281; case law,
ii. 281-291; legislation by
Parliament, ii. 321-331; five
epochs of legal change, ii.
343; outline of progress of
legal changes, ii. 358-366;
comparison with Roman law,
ii. 367-375; private law least
affected, ii. 377-380: law of
marriage, ii. 419-424; pro-
perty relations of consorts,
424-427; gradual amendment
of law, 423-427, 468, 499;
law of divorce, 433-438; does
law of divorce need amend-
ment? 465-469.

English language in India, i. 74.
Ennius, quoted, ii. 181.
Epicurus, ii. 127.
Equality theory of marriage, ii.

431-433, 470.

Equity, in Roman law, ii. 143;
in English law, ii. 164; in
Indian law, ii. 166; as amend-
ing law of wife's property, ii.
427, 428.
Erastianism, ii. 210.

Eurasians, in India, i. 66, 69,
136.

Euripides, quoted, ii. 384.

European influence over rest of
world, i. I.

Evidence Code, in India, i. 128.

Executive, the: at Rome, i. 191,

192; in Australian constitu-
tion, i. 508, 513.
Executive Council, the: in the
Orange Free State, i. 438,
457, 459, 464; in the South
African Republic, i. 445, 457,
459.

Family, its influence on Roman
law, ii. 367; as religious or-
ganism, ii. 211.

Family succession: effect of, as
a centripetal force, i. 303-307.
Fathers of the Church, ii. 244,
484.

Fathers of the Republic, i. 365,
381.

Fear, as ground of political

obedience, ii. 1-5, 12-14, 20.
Federal courts: in the United

States, i. 399, 419, 420; in
Australia, i. 508-512.
Federalist, The, i. 360, 366–374.
Federation: types of, i. 469,

470, 489-492; sovereignty
in, ii. 104-108; of British
empire, i. 245-249, 553-
Fetwa, ii. 241.

Finance in Roman and Indian
empires, i. 37-42; in Austra-
lian constitution, i. 478, 522.
Finland, autonomy of, i. 288.
Flag, the, in the United States,
i. 298, 418.
Flexible and rigid constitutions,
i. 145-252; is the Transvaal
constitution flexible? i. 449-
45I.

Folk Mot, i. 161, 162, 316, 353,
434; ii. 297.
Formulae, ii. 334.

France: constitution of the re-
public, i. 152, 202; legal
history, ii. 375-377; divorce
in, ii. 450, 451.
Franks, the, ii. 22.

State.

Free Trade, ii. 26.

French law, codification of, i. 107.
French Republic, constitution of, |
i. 152, 214.

Frontiers, of Roman and Indian

empires, i. 14-20.
Fundamental statutes, i. 206.
Fusion of races in Roman
empire, i. 62, 74; of Roman
and provincial law, i. 96–98.
Future life, belief in, ii. 459.
Fylki, in Norway, i. 353.

Gaius, ii. 142, 145, 153, 260, 264,
296, 304, 354, 390, 392, 512.
Gardiner, S. R., i. 200.
Gens, meaning of, ii. 131.
Gentili, Alberico, ii. 167, 507.
German empire, constitution of,

i. 196, 204, 215, 470; divorce
in, ii. 450, 451.
German law, codification of, i.

108; history of, ii. 375-377-
Ghosts, legal ejectment of, in
Iceland, i. 345, 346.
Gierke, Prof. Otto, ii. 85, 159.
Gilman, President, i. 382.
Glanvill. ii. 261, 332.
Goethe, quoted, ii. 160.
Goði, or priest-chieftain, in Ice-
land, i. 317-322, 325, 326,
332, 344, 352-354.
Gortyn, laws of, i. 89.
Grace, opposed to law, ii. 209.
Graduation, at El Azhar, ii. 225.
Grammar, in Musulman univer-
sity, ii. 224, 225.
Gratian, ii. 157.

Greece, constitution of, i. 209.
Greek Civilization, spread of, in
ancient world, i. 2.
Greek law, i. 89, 102; ii. 145,

of the South

African Republic, i. 442–447;
was it a rigid constitution? i.
449-455.
Grotius, ii. 167, 168.
Group, defined, i. 257; parlia-
mentary, i. 541.

Growth, phenomena of, ii. 114.
Grueber, Dr. E., ii. 506.
Gunnlaug's Saga, i. 348, 349.

Habit, as governing action, ii.
14, 45, 65.

Haiti, constitution of, i. 211.
Hamilton, Alexander, chief writer
in The Federalist, i. 360, 365,
366, 369-381, 427; ii. 105.
Hand power, in Roman marriage
law, ii. 387-391.
Hannen, Lord, ii. 465.
Harrison, Frederic, on Austin,

ii. III.

Harvard University, ii. 230.
Hastings, Warren, i. 29, 77, 459.
Hatts, promulgated by the Sultan,
ii. 253.

Hawaiian Islands, i. 2, 292, 417.
Hegel, ii. 108, 177.

Henry II, influence on English
law, ii. 358-360.
Heraclitus, ii. 124.
Herodotus, ii. 120.

High Court: in India, i. 46; in
Australia, i. 508-512.
Hindu Law, administered in
India, i. 113-119.
Hindustani language, i. 72.
Historical school of jurispru-
dence, ii. 184-186.
Hobbes, criticized, ii. 85-88,
106, 162.

Holland, constitution of, i. 210,

214; divorce in, ii. 450, 451.
Holland, Dr., ii. 173.

Holmes, Chief Justice, ii. 192,

264.

Home Rule, for Ireland, i. 207.

Homer, i. 160, 318; ii. 47, 124,
212, 521.

Homicide, penalty for, in Ice-
land, i. 321, 344.
Horace, i. 66; quoted, ii. 350.
House of Representatives, the:

its position in the United
States, i. 368, 371, 375, 377,
401, 421; in the Australian
Commonwealth, i. 504-507,

514-521, 537.
Hungary, constitution of, i. 155.
Husband and wife, identity of,

in English law, ii. 424, 425.
See also Marriage.
Hustings, i. 316.

Iceland, i. 312-358: discovery
and settlement, 312-316; be-
ginnings of a polity, 316; the
priest-chieftain, 317-320; first
political constitution, 320-
322; organization and powers
of the Althing, 322-327; the
speaker of the law, 327;
Thingvellir, 329-332; char-
acter of the republic, 332, 333;
character and growth of the
law, 334-341; sources of our
knowledge of the law, 341-
343; illustrations of the law,
343-349; introduction of
Christianity, 349-351;
flections on early history, 353-
356; fall of the republic, 356;
union with Denmark, 357;
independence, i. 284; ii. 26.
Ihering, Rudolf von, ii. 186,
516.

re-

Ilbert, Sir C. P., i. 29, 67, 86,

118; ii. 167, 322, 326.
Imperium, of praetor, ii. 277.
Inaugural lecture, ii. 475-503.
India: British conquest, i. 5-8;
military character of empire,
13, 14; natural frontiers, 16-
18; roads and railways, 21,

22; internal peace, 24, 25;
character of administration,
28-34; protected states, 37;
fiscal system, 37-42; native
army, 45; native civil service,
46; private civil rights, 50;
legislative councils, 51; reli-
gious usages, 56; education,
57; influence of climate, 63;
influence of colour, 64-67;
influence of religion, 67-69;
influence of language and
literature, 72-74; no fusion
of races, 75; little influence
on England, 76-78; probable
future of British power, 82-
84; legal systems found by
the English, 113-116; English
continued existing systems of
law, 116-120; ii. 133; codi-
fication, i. 121-124; merits
and working of the codes,
127-131; probable future of
legal development, 138-141;
as governed by Englishmen,
ii. 16.

Indian tribes, in United States,
i. 377, 408; ii. 16.
Individualism, ii. 36, 463.
Indolence, as ground of political
obedience, ii. 6–9, 14.
International law: sovereignty
in, ii. 101-104; natural law
in, ii. 167-169.
Interpretation of rigid constitu-
tions, i. 228-234.
Inter-state commission, i. 509.
Ireland, law of, i. 111; political
forces in, i. 264, 285; little
influence on English law, ii.
369; no divorce in, ii. 438.
Irish, in Iceland, i. 313, 316.
Irrigation, in Australia, i. 474,
478, 522, 545.
Isidore of Seville, ii. 157.
Islam, law of, i. 85, 87; ad-
ministered in India, i. 113-

Iudex, in Roman law, ii. 257.
Ius, contrasted with lex, i. 149;
ii. 294.

Ius gentium, in Roman law, i.

97; ii. 128-135, 144-148, 348.

Ius honorarium, ii. 133.

Ius non scriptum, i. 148.

man law, ii. 355-357; change
in law of divorce, ii. 408.

Kadi, Muhammadan judge, ii.
226, 239, 253.

Kant, ii. 108, 177.

Kent, Chancellor, ii. 265.
Khalifs, the, ii. 62, 240, 241.
King's Proctor, ii. 437.

Kissing, as test of prohibited
degrees, ii. 411.

ii. 257-260.

Judicature Act, ii. 479, 489, 517.
Judiciary, the its position in the

:

United States, i. 399, 419, 420 ;
in the Orange Free State, 439;
in the South African Republic,
446, 453, 462; in the Aus-
tralian Commonwealth, 508-
512; as makers of law, ii.
269-281.

Julian, jurist, i. 219; ii. 76, 205,
249, 288.

Julius Caesar, i. 176.

Jurists, as makers of law, ii. 155,
255-261; difference between
the action of Roman and
English, 261-269, 496.
Justinian, his codification of Ro-

235, 237, 253.
Kotzé, J. G., i. 441.
Kovalevsky, ii. 426.
Kruger, President, i. 465.

Labeo, ii. 138, 260, 264.
Labour Party, in the United
States, i. 418; in Australia, i.
541.
Laissez-faire, ii. 28, 36.
Land, its influence on English
law, ii. 368.

Land Revenue, in Roman and
Indian empires, i. 37-39.
Landesgemeinde, i. 160, 434.
Langdell, Prof. C. C., i. 112; ii.

512.

Language, effect of, in Roman
and Indian empires, i. 70-74.
Laos States, in Siam, i. 276.
Law Reports, compared with

Roman treatises, ii. 266-269.
Law Speaker, in Iceland, i. 327-
329, 330, 332, 337.
Lawyers, power of, in America,
i. 405.

Legal development at Rome and
in England, ii. 338-380: five
chief epochs of legal change at
Rome, 341-343; five epochs
of legal change in England,
343-345; outline of legal
changes at Rome, 345-358;
outline of legal changes in
England, 358-366; differ-