factories where multitudes of working hands, whatever be their age, are collected. In proportion as virtue is more valuable than bodily ftrength, in proportion as eternity is more important than the prefent life, the manufacturer who pays no attention to the religious principles and morals of the people under his care, is more criminal than if he had fuffered them to put poison to their mouths without apprifing them of its qualities. Several of the measures already indicated as prefervatives of health, are equally adapted for the prefervation of morals. The employment, for example, of as fmall a number of perfons as may be in the fame room; encouragement afforded to workmen to reside in vil lages, where convenience will allow, rather than in the midst of the infection of a great town; permiflion given them to perform their work at their own homes, when the nature of the fabric will admit that practice; and ft.ong and repeated inculcation of habits of cleanlinefs, are means adapted to the accomplishment of both purposes. But these are not the only or the most efficacious means of preyenting the inroads of vice. Let the proprietor of the manufactory employ the different fexes apart from each other. Let him provide for the eftablishment of schools for the religious instruction of all who can be induced to attend them, whether children or of mature age, on Sundays at least, if not in the evenings of week days. Let him diftribute from time to time religious books level to the capacities of the readers. Let him eftablish a little library, from which proper treatifes may be lent out for a limited period, and under proper regulations, to all who defire them. Let him appoint penalties for drunkennefs, oaths, and improper language; aud exact them regularly and with impartiality. Let him take every fit measure to fecure the conftant attendance of his people on religious worship, and to lead them to ufe fome fhort and fimple form of family prayer every evening in their own houfes. Let him acquire their confidence and fecure their attachment by joining uniform mildness and affability of behaviour to the firmnefs requifite for the maintenance of his authority. Scrupulously abftaining from every mark of pride and supercihoufnefs, let him convince them that he has their interest at heart by ftudying their comforts; by advancing them little fums of money beforehand, when fickness, or an approaching rent day, or the neceffity of laying in fuel against winter, or some other emergency, diareffes them. Let him acquaint himself, as far as may be practicable, with each of his workmen individually, and obferve his temper and difpofitions, his habits of life, and the ftate of his circumftances, that he may be able to admonish him occafionally in fuch a manner as may be mot likely to be beneficial. Let him uuiformly fhew favour to the meritorious, and check the idle and the profligate. And never let him forget the efficacy which he may give to his inftructions and reproofs, by his own virtuous example. By thus diligently watching over the health, the comforts and the morals of his workmen, the manufacturer will obviously promote his own fatiffaction and emolument, while he is difcharging an indifpenfable duty. He will render a large proportion of his workmen robuft, industrious, and honeft. He will inspire them with that perfonal attachment to himself. which, among other advantages, will contribute to fecure him from the machinations of any unprincipled competitor, who may be bafe enough to tempt them by bribes to betray their mafter's operations, or to defert him for the purpofe of entering into a rival manufactory. 2. 29,56 65 60 50,54 METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL, June 1795. D.H. Baro. T. out; T. in Hyg. C. Wind. 17 29,64 55 56,5 62,54 Weather, &c. S 2: fhower 5595 SW SSW I fine 2 29,79 67 61 56 61,567 65 559513 57 64,5 69 cloudy night: fhower 64 67 47 29,68 60 229,69 75 29,74 63 2 29,61 73 67 29,62 61 229,57 69 7 7 29,67 57 229,68 59 87 29,87 57 62 77 6 2 29,97 57 62 78 5 9 7 30,0054 60 81 5 230,03 62,561,514 10 7 30,04 54 60 80 3 2 30 06 59,5 60.5 75.55 11729,98 54 59 81 229,90 65,5 62,5 67,5 3 12 7 29,90 53,560 229,97 50,560 13 7 29,9750 5555 229,459,558 229,86 64 no NNE 69 68,5 57 70 2 29,92 55 58 68,5 14 7 29,88 49 56 65 3 16 7 29,9256 58 69 5 69 5 WNW 62 76 17 7 30,01 58 2 30,01 60,5 62 18 7 29,96 55 60 2 29,86 55,5 50 19 7 29,89 45 80 23 29,932 229,9361 58,5 59 24 7 29,96 53.5 57.5 229,98 66,5 61 25 7 29,77 58,5 61 229,72 62 26 7 29,4858 2 29,57 66 27 7 29,82 56 2 29,82 63,5 28 7 29,69 56 2 29,60 58 61 chiefly drizzling rain. Hygrometer 8z ateve much rain continual rain and heavy in the night with gentle rain: chiefly fair [more wind N 3. lefs cloudy eve. fine and lefs wind Nhazy W 2 SW 1 WNW I cloudy and little wet: fine : cloudy . lefs cloudy lefs cloudy at times: little rain little rain. fine. cloudlefs night but hazy WSW 2 hazy WSW 3. cloudy and less wind. rain: fair SW 2 more cloudy and chiefly rain frequent rain SW 2. little wet at times NNW 2. cloudy eve and rain at times 62 71 60,5 72 64 65 3 REMARKS on the State of the AIR, VEGETATION, &c. June 1795 OSE de Meux in flower.-3. Gathered green haftings.-7 Elder in but much the three preceding, with the barometer continually riding till this evening.-12. Strawberries ripen: mofs and cabbage rofe begin to blow.15. May-duke cherries, against a fouth wall, ripe.-16. Wh at and barley hooting its ear.-20. Brisk and coid north-easterly winds this and the preceding day, which caufed many people to rekindle their parlour fires.-21. A fro in the early part of the morning, probably the first ever noticed on the eve of a fummer foltice; it has killed tome kidney beans, and most of the bloffom of garden peas is deftroyed by the late keen winds -22. Orange lily in flower.-25. Currants begin to turn red.-The air, during the whole of this month, has been remarkably moit, the hygrometer being never lefs than 55, fometimes above 8, and its mean ftate 68; it has also been as remarkably cold, which, with the cold at the end of May, hath fo retarded the progrefs of vegetation, that fruits and flowers, in general, are above a month behind their ufual flate. Rain, 3 inches 67 hundredths. OBSERVATIONS on the DISEASES in June 1795. THE HE ftate of the atmofphere produced many of the difeafes of winter : rheumatic and bilious complaints were very general, and affections of the lungs fill continued to prevail. Intermittent fever was very common; it proved cbftinate, not yielding readily to any remedies, and having more the appearance of an autumnal intermittent than a vernal one; the fkin was generally yellow, and large fecretions of bile evidently took place, yet emetics and purgatives did not prove of any benefit for a confiderable time, and bark could not be administered with any fecurity. Gout was alfo frequent; it was in general fevere, irregular, and the fit of long duration, now and then attacking the head and lungs. Eryfipelatous eruptions, and inflammations of the eyes, prevailed particularly in the neighbourhood of the river. Scarlet fever till continued to be met with, but was by no means common; and measles were much lefs frequent than in the preceding month. ANECDOTES. eafe as my enemies wish to give out. I have troops enough to oppofe to them, and troops which will never lofe their courage but with their life. We fkirmish together every day, and I think that Wallenftein begins now to experience what troops well difciplined and courageous can do, efpecially when they fight for fo noble a caufe as that of general liberty, and defend kings and nations who are groaning under the yoke of tyranny and perfecution.' When the town of Landshut, in Bavaria, furrendered to him at dif cretion, the principal inhabitants of it fell down upon their knees before him, and presented him with the keys of their town. Rise, rife,' said he; it is your duty to fall upon your knees to God, and not to fo frail and feeble a mortal as I am.' Guftavus, differently from our modern generals, never engaged in any battle without first praying at the head of the troops he was about to lead toward the enemy, fometimes with, and fometimes without book. This done, he used to thunder out in a strong and energetic manner fome German hymn or pfalm, in which he was followed by his whole army. (The effect of this in unifon with thirty or forty thoufand men was wonderful and terrible.) Immediately before the battle of Lutzen, fo fatal to himself, but fo honourable to his army, he vociferated the tranflation of the forty-fixth pfalm, made by Luther when he was a prifoner in the fortrefs of Coburg, that begins God is our ftrong caftie.' The trumpets and drums immediately ftruck up, and were accompanied by the ministers and all the foldiers in the army. To this fucceeded a hymn made by Gustavus himself, which begun, My dear little army fear thing, though thy numerous enemies have fworn thy ruin.'-The word given by the king for that day was, God be with us.' no ner which he did not like, he faid to him in Latin, Sir, I do not underftand you, you talk Spanish.' He always preferred foreign foldiers, who ferved voluntarily for pay, to thofe which were inlifted by the authority of government in his own country. A hound,' faid he, that is dragged by force to the field, never hunts well.' In one of his journies he was accofted by a ftudent in Latin, who defired him to permit him to ferve in his cavalry. Be it fo, fir,' replied the king; an indifferent fcholar may make a very good foldier. But why, fir,' replied the king, do you with to difcontinue your fludies?' Alas! fire,' faid the ftudent, I prefer arms to books.' Ah, man!' replied the king, who fpoke Latin very fluently, and who was a good Latin fcholar, I fee what it is-it is as Horace fays, The flow dull ox gay trappings wants; Guftavus used to say, That a man made a better foldier, in proportion to his being a better Chritian.' He ufed alfo to say, That there were no the performance of their duty.' It perfons fo happy as thofe that died in his fword in his hand, the word of was faid of his death, He died with command in his mouth, and with victory in his imagination.' The minifters of Louis XIII, king of France, were defirous to infert in a treaty between their fovereign and Guftavus, that the king of France had the king of Sweden under his protection. Guftavus fpiritedly replied, I MARQUIS SPINOLA. have no occafion for any protection PRAY of what did brother but that of God, and I defire no other. die?' faid this celebrated general one After God I acknowledge no fuperior, day to fir Horace Vere. He died, and I wish to owe the fuccefs of my fir,' replied he, of having nothing arms to my fword and my good con- to do. Alas, fir,' faid Spinola, duct alone.' that is enough to kill any general of us all.' In a conference he had with the minifter from our court, fir Henry Vane, whom he fuppofed to have been bribed by the court of Spain, as fir Harry was preffing him in a man your Montefquieu fays, We in general place idleness among the beatitudes of heaven; it should rather, I think, be put amid the torments of hell.' |