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(Hamilton, "Resources of Arizona," p. 390.) They then marched him across the valley in the same direction as the cattle were going, for a. mile, pricking him with arrows. On reaching the hills they stopped, gave him the rabbit, and motioned him to go home, laughing, hooting and pointing their fingers at him in the meanwhile.

In 1863 and 1864, practically all the troops were withdrawn from Arizona. The southern part of the Territory and its valleys and farms, as we have seen, was depopulated, the Americans gathering in and around Tucson for protection, where there was a small guard of soldiers, consequently everything was comparatively quiet on the southern border. While engaged in the erection of buildings in Prescott, the workmen carried arms for protection, and it was dangerous at any time to venture alone beyond the town limits.

Early in January, 1864, twenty-eight head of stock was stolen from the corral of Messrs. Peeples and Dye on the Antelope ranch, twelve miles north of Weaver. From Granite Creek sixteen head were taken. King S. Woolsey lost thirty-three head from the Agua Fria ranch. The miners in the vicinity lost many animals, and were almost destitute of transportation. In consequence of the killing which occurred at Walnut Grove, and other murders, and the above stealing, it was determined to send a party into the Indians' country which resulted in the organization of a party by King S. Woolsey, who followed the Indians to the Bloody Tanks

where many of their chiefs were killed, in what was afterwards known as the "Pinole Treaty," an account of which has been given in a preceding volume, and the Indians' account of the same will be found on another page of this volume. After this fight Woolsey was appointed Aide on the staff of Governor Goodwin, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel and was given authority to organize an expedition to go into the Indian country, killing the hostiles wherever found. Woolsey's official report to the Governor of his first expedition was printed in the "Arizona Miner" in September, 1864, and is as follows:

"Prescott, Arizona, August 28, 1864. "To His Excellency, John N. Goodwin, Governor of Arizona Territory.

"Sir:

"I have the honor to report that my Command consisting of 93 men (citizens) left the Agua Fria ranch about 6 p. m., June 1, and arrived at Fisher's Cienega at one o'clock the following morning, distance 15 miles, course N. 69 deg. East. A small party of Indians were encamped in this cienega but escaped in the dark. There are fine springs at this cienega, which is upon the Chavez wagon road, and will be a prominent point should that road prove a

success.

"On the morning of the 2nd, we marched in the same general direction by way of Copper Canyon to the Rio Verde, distance ten miles. The trail down is rough, but readily made by

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pack animals. Crossing the river a mile below the canyon, we continued our march East to a branch of the Rio Verde, striking it about six miles from the mouth. This branch is called Clear Creek, and is about thirty miles in length. It runs from the northeast and three miles above where we camped, it canyons and for fifteen miles passes through one of the roughest and most impassable canyons in the territory. At Clear Fork I divided the command, sending the pack trains with thirty-three men southward to seek a passage through the mountains, while with the remaining sixty men I continued in an easterly course, toward the great Tonto Basin, where the pack train was directed to meet us. That train was under the command of M. Lewis, an experienced mountaineer and one of the original Walker party of explorers. Our way was over very rough country, through which a pack train could hardly have gone. After a fatiguing trip of two days, we arrived at the top of the mountain or table-land overlooking a great basin and standing at its upper or eastern end. This basin is occupied by Tonto and Pinal Apaches, and I confidently expected a fight with them.

"The next morning we descended into the basin, not without much difficulty and we began a search for the redskins, but were unable to find any, though traces of their recent presence were numerous. For three days we continued the search, beating up the small streams and ravines about the basin, but in vain. In the afternoon of the fifth day, after leaving Clear

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