Under Direction of HERBERT F. CLARK Alhambra, Cal. Editorial Peace Paddle Prescribed for Wayward Wandering Willies Southern California Section The fact that two Los Angeles judges recently have returned refractory boys to their respective schools with instructions to the principals to apply the Peace Paddle is a further indication that moral suasion and penal institutions do not meet modern needs as disciplinary measures. There is considerable maudlin sentiment. abroad in this country concerning the treatment of wayward wayward children, and especially as regards the certain type called the truant boy. Some of us are wondering if our present crop of criminals, the seeming flood of crime at the present time, aren't in a measure due to this "wishy washy" sentiment that somehow you must win the boy's affections, you must love him into goodness. Boys are nobody's fools. They respect the stern hand of authority properly administered, and detest the "sissy" methods so oft-times employed. Better a thousand times he take a dozen "spats" and be made to do his work, than to lock him up in a penal institution where he will dawdle away his time at the expense of the State. It is hereby further agreed and understood that the above said judges hereinbefore specified, are hereby and herein both duly and solemnly commended for their keen insight into the real and vital needs of the situation, and that they were then acting fully with their legitimate field of jurisprudence, and for the best interest of the boys in so sentencing them to the kindly and benign influence of the Peace Paddle. State School Field Loses Valliant Worker At the banquet of the Southern California School Master' Club on Thursday, December 21st, the resonant voice of Dr. Everett Shepardson was heard in the medley of college songs of the evening. His was a voice of gladness and good cheer, a voice rich with the sweetness of music. A trip to the mountains a day or so later, an exhaustion from which he could not recover, stilled his voice forever for his fellow men. Not only at such occasions as this banquet will his genial presence be missed, but at the Los Angeles Normal School, where he was at the head of and the dominating influence of the training school, out into the larger field of the State, where young people have gone imbued with the ideals he has given them, in fact, in many parts of the country where Mr. Shepardson has labored, there will be distinct regret that he should go "in the full strength of years." step farther in the right direction, and forbid teachers giving presents or Christmas treats to their children. Children soon learn to expect some such pseudo-philanthropic move on the part of their teacher, and look upon it as a matter of fact concern rather than as a response to a wholesome Christmas sentiment. In fact, in some cases children begin to express their expectations some days in advance, and become quite disappointed if the occasion doesn't quite measure up to their expectation. This all breeds the wrong sort of attitude on the part of children, and tends to defeat the very ends for which such occasions are intended. Then, again, unless the practice is common in all the rooms of a certain building, then a teacher who doesn't conform becomes subject to adverse criticism and comparison. There are plenty of ways that teachers can properly utilize the Christmas season to inculcate lessons of cheerfulness and goodstomachs at her own expense and their will without responding to the chidren's positive detriment. Let's find a better way. Inconsistent Resolution of To an unbiased observer it seems inconsistent for the Teachers' Association, Southern Section, to go on record as disapproving a resolution commending the plan whereby the State University is to co-operate with the University of Southern California in offering summer courses to teachers on the ground that such action would be commending a private institution, meaning the University of Southern California and which by only a narrow interpretation can be called a private institution, and at the same time pass a resolution commending the movement to establish a Chautauqua of the Pacific, which by all rights and titles will be, if established, a distinctly priv ate institution. The University of Southern California as at present conducted, although incidentally under denominational control, offers courses as liberal, is as cosmopolitan in its make-up of students and faculty, is just as broad in its conceptions and aims of education as is our own State University; and its willingness to co-operate in this way with the State University is further evidence of its cosmopolitanism, and should not be discriminated against in the actions of our Teachers' Association, Southern Section. It was perfectly legitimate and educationally sound for this association to commend the Chautauqua of the Pacific; it would have been fully as sound, and certainly more courteous, to have commended the movement of co-operation initiated by the State University, itself, rather than place a stigma upon the University of Southern California. Teachers' Summer Courses At Los Angeles Normal School Teachers of the Southland will welcome the opportunity to continue their professional studies under the auspices and good influences of the Los Angeles State Normal School during the summer of 1917. A particularly interesting and helpful list of courses is offered and it goes without saying that the teachers of this section of the State will avail themselves of the privileges thus extended. Poet-Professor Forsakes Frozen Fields Professor D. A. Ellsworth, for twenty years instructor in the Kansas State Normal School at Emporia, and for the past two years editor of the Kansas Teacher, has come to California to renew his youth and bask in the balmy atmosphere of the great Southland. Mr. Ellsworth has bought a home in San Diego, but figures that with an automobile and the California good roads. he is next door neighbor to Los Angeles, and only a day's journey from San Francisco and the great Northwest. Although known from coast to coast for his Sunflower Rhymes, Mr. Ellsworth expects to find in this Western environment the inspiration and material for a great romantic novel. Mr. Ellsworth's coming to the Pacific Coast is but another evidence of the great tide of emigration that is breaking the bands of the frozen East and flowing ever westward to a realm of milder climate. County Institutes and Association Meetings The Christmas vacation with its varied interests and experiences already makes vague the reflections of the county institutes and Teachers' Association meetings held in Los Angeles December 22-25. On the whole, the occasion was one of educational helpfulness and encouragement. So much to hear and to think about in such a short time tends to educational dyspepsia. If it were possible to distribute such a feast of good things throughout the school year there is no doubt but much more good would come out of the expense attached to such an occasion. In fact let us submit the question as to whether it wouldn't be possible for school people to arrange for a series of lectures and entertainments of the character enjoyed at such times and distribute them enjoyed at such times and distribute them teachers can attend them, giving them during the school year at such times as due credit therefor as at present and let the teachers enjoy two weeks' vacation as well as the children. All in favor, say "aye." The "ayes" have it. A group of kindergarten training teachers, supervisors of kindergartens and of primary schools met at Santa Barbara on December first and second, and resolved as follows: 1. That sharp distinction between the kindergarten and the primary school is not in harmony with the best interests of the children. 2. That, therefore, we urge that normal and training schools give a course of training which shall develop a practical working basis for the vital union of kindergarten and primary education and lead to a diploma or certificate that shall entitle the graduate to teach in both the kindergarten and primary school grades. 3. That these resolutions be presented to the State Superintendents of Public Instruction, to the State Boards of Education, to the Council of Education, the presidents of Normal Schools and to interested educational publica tions. COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT OF FICIENCY-SETTLING PROBLEMS HIS JOB By Gertrude M. Price, Los Angeles Record With the whole world talking "education." With day schools and night schools on every hand. With free lectures for the poor and the persistent cry of specialization and perfection in trade and profession in the air, continuously, is inefficiency on the increase? No less an authority than County Superintendent of Schools Mark Keppel made answer, in the affirmative, in an interview with me at his offices in the Hall of Records. "Ineffciency is on the increase," he said. "Let me illustrate. "Here you see a report from a principal of a school. It should have each row of requirements filled out. It was sent in with but one filled out. Why? "I am drafting a bill for some school legislation. I cannot complete it till I hear from a certain number of teachers. hands are tied because about one-third of them have not yet answered. Why? My "A bunch of requisitions were sent into the state superintendent's office calling for new books. I happened to be in his office and saw them. Numbers of them were absolutely useless because they were without names or names of school districts. Of course, the state office was not in a position to guess where they came from. Those requisitions would have to remain there until those people sent out S. O. S. calls, asking why they hadn't received their books. "Why did they leave their names and names of school districts off those papers?" Though he cited cases in his own profession, Superintendent Keppel made haste to say that these signs of inefficiency are not peculiar to the teaching force, but crop out everywhere in all walks of life. More Glaring When I suggested that if inefficiency is on the increase it would be a reflection on the schools, he answered: "Well, perhaps I am not stating the case correctly. Perhaps efficiency is not on the decrease. But the whole world is moving at automobile pace and inefficiency shows up more glaringly tha never before." Superintendent Keppel is not all woe by any means. Though he has the name of being brusque and curt, he can be very genial. "It's a continuous performance up here," he told me as the door closed on one inquirer and half a dozen stood waiting their opportunity to speak with the man who supervises the school affairs of the county of Los Angeles. Queer Folks "Some folks think an hour is too short a time to transact three minutes' business. And some folks are so expeditious they hardly take time to give me enough details of a case to know how to settle it. "Some folks come expecting me to pass on problems that would take a court months to settle. And the worst of it is they won't always take my decision when I give it. They want to begin all over again, while others stand and wait. "One of the greatest problems we have in this office is the person who teaches without a certificate and then blames the county superintendent's office because he or she cannot get paid. "The law is that no persons shall teach in a public school unless first having received a certificate to teach. When they are called in, in a hurry, to substitute and 'haven't time' to notify this office and get a certificate, they think there should be some method by which I could pay their vouchers. I can't. The law is plain. Such persons invariably go out of this office as my personal enemies when there is no one but themselves to blame." Superintendent Keppel will complete his fourteenth year in his present office in January. "Lots of folks have tried to get me and lots of folks have called me a politician," he declared, laughingly, "but I've found that tending to your own business all the time is a pretty good method to keep you on the job. As for being a politician, well, I'm not one. That's all." What Nationality? "What nationality are you, Mr. Keppel?" I asked, for I'd been trying to guess whether he was a hard-shelled Baptist or a Scotchman. "Well," he replied, "a man came in here one day and brought me a coat of arms. Said it was mine. Said I was German. Said I could keep it. Another person came here and told me she had been studying family trees, ran across mine by accident, and that I came from an old Scotch family. As a matter of fact, my people are from England on one side and Holland on the other. I was born in California.” Mark Keppel laughed till a dimple showed in one cheek and his eyes fairly danced. And yet some say the county superintendent of schools is a grouch! TEACHERS' DESK COPIES Mr. J. Stanley Brown, Superintendent of the Township High School and Junior College in Joliet, Illinois, recently wrote the leading schoolbook publishers as follows: "In his poem entitled 'The Present Crisis,' James Russell Lowell uses this language: 'New occasions teach new duties, Time makes ancient good uncouth.' "The Board of Education of the Joliet township, recognizing that new occasions are very rapid and unbidden, and that corresponding changes in established procedure must come, passed the resolution below, on recommendation of the superintendent, to take effect January 1, 1917. "RESOLVED: That, inasmuch as we wish to keep abreast of current movements and procedure, in the light reflected from our immediate environments, the Board of Education shall henceforth purchase all desk copies needed by teachers, and that such books shall remain the property of the school and be in the charge of the librarian of the school." The Santa Monica Board of Education took action similar to this several years ago, and many other self-respecting boards of education will, no doubt, do likewise as time goes on. MORE MONEY FOR THE ELEMENTARY By Sarah A. Heineman Ages ago a nation begged to have a hundred of its great men taken as hostages instead of fifty of its little children. The Catholic church says, "Give me the child until he is fourteen years old and you may have him the rest of his life." The great neurologists of the world claim that all nervousness and functional diseases are caused by a psychic shock to the child before he is 10 or 12 years of age. How often one reads or hears, "He formed the habit when a child and it has made a great man of him"; or, "he formed the habit when a child and it has ruined his life." Is it not time for teachers, business men and legislators to awaken from their Rip Van Winkle slumber and begin to find out just what society in general is doing to give its little children a chance to form the best habits of thinking and living? According to a great educator of the day, "The function of the public school teacher is to create an environment that will enable the child to develop into the best type of citizen." In order to do this, she must have as her material, a first class building and first class equipment and must herself be of the flower of the educational world. How near do the elementary schools come to having these conditions? The inducements are so much greater for the first class teacher in intermediate and high schools that those in elementary schools should be classed as follows: The teachers wno, for lack of opportunity, could not prepare themselves sufficiently for further advancement (and some of these are the best in the world); those who are not interested in better conditions for their pupils; those who are ignorant of conditions (both of these classes are ment to society) and, last but not least, the a detriteachers who are preparing as rapidly as possible to leave the elementary schools for better positions. Not very near to the ideal conditions, is it? Society in general, agrees verbally with the people who are pleading and working for better conditions for the young child, but still continues to offer first class buildings, first class equipment, small classes and better paid teachers to the small portion of the next generation of citizens, which fill our intermediate and high schools, while it doles out unsanitary, unsafe, poorly equipped and over-crowded buildings, and its poorer paid teachers to the mass of tomorrow's citizens, which is herded in the elementary schools. Does herded sound exaggerated? Please suspend judgment for a little while and let me call to your attention the prodigies of this generation-the boys and girls with university educations at 15 to 18 years of age. Do we want all children to be prodigies? Heaven forbid! But we want to show what can be done when the child is treated as an individual. Each ot those young people has been taught by one or both of his parents and another teacher. Some teachers was with him every moment he was awake, giving him individual attention. Just atter Helen Kellar's trip West I attended teachers' meeting on two different occasions and both the speakers said: "Think, teachers, what has been done for this child, handicapped by lack of sight and hearing! What should you be able to do with a normal child?" How I felt like crying out, with no disrespect to the speaker, "For the sake of the next generation, give me one pupil all his waking hours and let me see what could be done for him!" At that time I had fifty little human beings in one Have you thought also that the average elementary teacher could give less than eight min room. FRESNO STATE NORMAL utes each day to each child for all of his studies, In the city of Los Angeles, for example, un for ungraded rooms, for parental schools, (Los For what do the elementary schools need 1. More buildings-better buildings. 2. 3. More equipment-better equipment. * * SCHOOL STATISTICS FOR 1916 statistics for the year closing June 30, 1916, and KINDERGARTEN 1916 Gain Loss Grand total.. 499 102 4 Average daily attendance ance 1916 11,456 Gain 316 Loss On deaf children's classes $850.00 588.77 Average daily attendance (Note. This plan of salary report was not used before this year, hence no gain or loss can be shown.) Number of school visits made by: School trustees 1916 Gain Loss Number of books in school libraries 2,928,230 69,926 Salaries paid principals, teachers, etc. County superintendents 800 271 ...... Supervising principals Men (190 in state). $1,818.23 Women (157 in state) 1,631.92 Receipts from Balance on hand Principals $46,212.55 Men (435 in state) 1,110.69 .642,087.95 194,963.18 Women (737 in state) 915.32 Men (170 in state) Women (522 in state) (Note. The plan of reporting annual salary given here was used for first time this year.) The profits from the Christmas sale conducted by the students of the California School of Arts and Crafts in Berkeley, will go toward the refurnishing of the assembly hall in the school building on Allston Way. A fireplace is now under construction, the tiles for which have been designed and modeled by the class in pottery. An attractive copper fire screen has been designed and constructed by the class in metal working. This cosy, home-like fireplace will become one of the chief centers of student interest in the school. It will also strikes just the right note for the story telling hours conducted by Mr. Harry Kendall Bassett each Saturday morning. These mornings by Mr. Bassett, who is educational director in the school, are furnishing instruction and entertainment for a large group of children, parents and teachers for not only materials but methods are presented. * * * NEW QUARTERS The Western Journal of Education, and the Harr Wagner Publishing Co. have taken a lease of the sixth floor of the Rothchild's building, 239 Geary street. This is an ideal location overlooking Union Square near the St. Francis Hotel, next to Nathan-Dohrmann Co. It is in the heart of the shopping district of San Francisco. Visit us. * * * James Franklin and Arthur Chamberlain have just issued through Macmillan Company an interesting volume on Oceana in Series of the Continents and Their People. Price, 55 cents. James Franklin Chamberlain, Ed. B., S. B., is head of the Department of Geography, State Normal School, Los Angeles, Cal.; author of "Home and World Series of Geographical Readers," and Arthur Henry Chamberlain, B. S., A. M., is formerly professor of education, Throop Polytechnic Institute, Pasadena, Cal.; author of "Standards in Education," etc., editor of "The Sierra Educational News." * * * Grace Chandler Stanley, president of the California Teachers' Association, Southern Section, graduated from Stanford University in 1903. She has taught in the elementary and high schools. She was married in 1906, and lived on an orange ranch in San Bernardino County for some years, and was appointed county superintendent in 1915. Her speech of acceptance at Los Angeles was a gem. She has a fine carrying voice, and has the natural gift of speaking intelligently and with rare grace. A DISSECTED MAP of the U.S. THE BEACON NEWS COLUMN Journeying to the home a prophet will either dispel an illusion or heighten a conviction. In the olden days it was said that a prophet was not without honor, save in his own country. Today, when we discover a prophet who is honored by his neighbors as well as by those in regions far distant, we feel a strengthening of our conviction that he is indeed a real prophet. So it was interesting to journey to the land of the originator of the Beacon Method of Reading, and observe the attitude of eastern educators toward his work. In his own city, as might be expected, Superintendent Passett's method has been used successfully for many years. Children in the first years read successfully and understandingly in a short time from books intended for much more advanced use. But it is not here that we should look for the real test. How does the method work in other places, when separated from the supervision of the author? In a large New England city it was found that one-third of the pupils in one of the first grades had so developed in ability that they were promoted to the third grade. Increased power to read and comprehend had so strengthened their ability in other subjects that they easily covered two years' work in one year. The other two-thirds went to the second grade better equipped than other pupils had ever been after one year of school. The superintendent feels that the Beacon Method had practically doubled the power of his pupils and cut the number of failures to a minimum. In another city, the Beacon Method and two others have been given comparative tests. At one time during these tests all the primary teachers of a neighboring city were sent to compare the work with the other two systems; the Beacon Method they conceded should not be given serious thought on account of its radical phonic features. After two visits these teachers reported to their superintendent that there was no question which was the best system-they were unanimous for the Beacon. In this same city a visitor called at the end of the first year and gave the pupils an old Monroe Second Reader, which they had had no opportunity to study, and called on one pupil after another to come forward and read a page, which each did without hesitation. The visitor then called upon each pupil to tell the class what had been read, telligently the substance of his apportionand with promptness each one recited inment, a practical, definite test of the power of this method to develop ability in acquiring the thought as well as the mechanics of reading. One of the eastern superintendents who has for years had charge of rural districts, declares that after a year's trial he is convinced that the Beacon Method is at once the simplest and the greatest method he has ever known anything about. It has produced very definite results in rural schools, where many other systems have been failures. A From many other striking experiences with the Beacon Method, one from a large Massachusetts city is worthy of note. teacher in this city had for six years been competing system. For another six years a traveling demonstrator for a well known she had taught a second competing method, and for three years previous to taking up system. Her report, therefore, includes a the Beacon Method she had taught a third background of wide experience. Never before, she declares, has she been able to accomplish so much work in one year, and with no other system have the slower members of the class developed so much power as the Beacon Method has given them. And so, with these and many other examples before the visitor, he knew his journey to the home of a prophet had not dispelled an illusion, but had heightened a conviction which already had become well established after a careful observation of the Beacon Method in the West. Howard P. Short, Superintendent of Schools in Oroville, called at Ginn & Company's office at 20 Second street the last business day of the old year to place an order for a supply of the Beacon First Readers for his classes who began with the Beacon Primer and Charts last fall. Superintendent Short says that the results with the Beacon Method are very satisfactory, and that Superintendent Passett has made the teacher's work much lighter than has any other author. TO THE TEACHERS OF CALIFORNIA In spite of the confusion of moving into our new quarters, we have filled your orders promptly and in full as they have been received. Because of the aforesaid confusion, we had almost forgotten to mention that we have recently published two interesting new volumes in our Pocket Classics Series Shakespeare: RICHARD III. Baker: SHORT STORIES AND SELECTIONS. The Pocket Classics Series continues to be the most popular edition of English classics used in the California schools. There are more titles to choose from and the price is uniform-25 cents per volume. We hope you will call in and inspect our new quarters the next time you are in San Francisco. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY SAN FRANCISCO 609 MISSION STREET PHYSICAL EDUCATION vs. COMPULSORY MILITARY TRAINING IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF CALIFORNIA Ednah Aiken The inevitable aftermath of pneumonia is a fear of colds. A convalescent from pneuomnia, denied the comforting vision of death by paralysis or automobile, visualizes life as a battle with lung ailments. The aftermath of the disease of nations, i.e., war, is a fear of war, a prostrating belief in its inevitable domination. Because history is still given to us as a series, not of progressions of races, but of conquests, we see the future the same way. We are shedding but recently our invalidism; we want to protect ourselves in chronic red flannel, and we discover draughts in an airtight room. We become shortsighted to every other germ-there is no other germ to the convalescent from pneumonia and war but the germs of both these diseases. Therefore, we hear a good deal today of the merits of and the necessity for compulsory military training for our boys who are yet in school. A bill covering such a plan has already been introduced to the State Legislature by the Hon. William J. Martin of Salinas. We hear also advocated a counter plan for standardized and physical education. One can safely assume that both bills will not pass; that a choice will be made by the people of California. The proponents of the physical education measure claims that the system they indorse carries all the virtues of the military system, and many more; and that it offers none of the dangers of the military bill. It accuses the aforesaid bill several charges; that it is not the best form of physical education, as claimed; that its moral effect is questionable; and that it is exclusive in both a democratic and an economic sense. on Before balancing these counter claims, it must be stated that this is not the familiar RECONSTRUCTION case of peace vs. war, nor a brief against nationalism. Neither the younger fight between the two camps badly called "Preparedness and Anti-Preparedness." Not here now will it be urged that the war of Europe is being fought through for the hope that it will end forever the possibility of such a war, which hope fulfilled would mean making such national sacrifices of youth unnecessary, nor, that the lessons of this war not yet having been learned, it is too soon to launch a huge imitation of the old style, dreadnoughts of systems which infant submarines can oust from the oceans; neither shall we discuss the peril to the white race if war is to continue; nor that a recurrent spiritual ideal has been revitalized, given the impulse of a new vision. The proponents of the Physical Education Bill do not confine their energies to the exploiting of their own. measure; they bring a definite indictment against a military trainng which would be compulsory for the school boys of America. Our Dual Duty The decision, it must be pointed out at Edited by Ednah Aiken the outset, involves a double allegiance or responsibility. The juryman must see his choice not alone through the eyes of the humanitarian or friend of youth, but as a patriot-citizen. That our democracy must be enriched as well as protected, and that childhood must be conserved must sober the prejudice and judgment of the judges. In a state where education has been made compulsory, teachers must balance their testimony, as servitors, in a dual capacity— testimony, as servitors, in a dual capacityas guardians of children entrusted to their care, and as civic officers or organizers of a vast and immature army which is to be brought to the highest degree of usefulness for the protection and good of the State. Mothers, both the organized and the selfish, unsharing kind, must think not only of the welfare of the individual child, but of the welfare of that composite abstraction, the nation. Which process is the better adapted to turn out physically and numerically the strongest citizens? Given a democratic pattern to follow, which is the better way to cut? For the protection of the country and its ideals, physical education of military pattern, and for boys only? Or physical education along the most scientific lines, and for girls as well as for boys, for the weak as well as for the strong? Giving the military the most sympathetic hearing, it must be, however, noted that war is not the normal state of nations, but the exceptional state. Accepting this premise, of a nation's lucid intervals, and that countries, especially those which are trying out experiments of government, need dedicated protection in time of peace as well as in war, the query hinges here: does the military method of training turn out the largest number of best equipped citizens, equipped for the lucid, normal intervals, and best equipped for success in war? Is military training the last word for the best development of men and women, who must protect, at all times, their country from danger? Which for Soldier Making? For war. Because of the almost complete universality of war, we have an immediate basis of comparison. Germany does not think it wise to drill her schoolboys; she gives them instead physical education and civic education. Can we think of a land, where the thing called "patriotism" had a quicker response, a swifter flaring? Military training of youth is a discard of France, and a more recent discard of Australia. Switzerland postpones military training in its compulsory form for boys of college years. The military countries The military countries testify that as a form of preparedness it is inferior to a physical education scientifically administered. many of the "volunteers" needing rope. What has youthful drill done for them? What is the quality of their "patriotism," i.e., belligerancy? Do they yearn to be turned loose on the enemy's country? They are burning, as one mass, to get home. School and college drill has not hardened them for the comparative hardships of tent and desert, although towns are in daily reach and comforts plenty. Not much lust for battle, you are told, to be found on the border, except among seasoned officers of the regular army, who are impatient for action because of the chance it will throw them of promotion. You wonder as you stare down into those fine boyish faces, wistful with homesickness. If the willingness to kill off several hundreds of thousands of those boys in order to win an extra epaulette is the result of military training, do you want that training for your lad? Perhaps that is patriotism, but is it citizenship? Will we have to "scrap" the word or ennoble it when we "change the scheme of things entire, remould it nearer to our heart's desire?" Interesting the testimony which comes. from these "protecting" boys on the border. So deep in disgust are they with their fate which keeps them guarding their country from a guerrilla soldiery, or with the world habit which has trapped them, that they can see no "way out" save by universal conscription. "Why should we," they ask, why should the few do the dirty work of the nation? You don't like it. Neither do we. But we didn't understand; this isn't drilling on a campus. Every man should take his turn at it. Universal conscription's got to come; it is the only way out!" All of those boys writing back home, and giving their homesick, twisted logic as plea for universal training! Reminds of the emigrant to Wisconsin, who spent all his capital save a few dollars for a ticket to the place which read, in an advertisement, like the abode of angels, and fell on his shocked eyes as the hades of nostalgic solitude. With no return ticket, was there anything else to do but go into the real estate business? That way was his particular corner of Wisconsin settled; his few dollars spent in stamps and newspaper advertisements. So have other corners of the world thought been settled. It's a bad business, you see, jurymen. Let's make it universal; as we can't get anybody to volunteer, let's make it conscriptive! Which for the Lucid Intervals? For peace, what is the contribution of the military training? The best physical training? Experts say no. The least expensive? Statisticians say no. It is for a picked class, and a picked sex, and an abnormal period, whereas physical training made prescriptive would be for all the children, all the time and of a kind which would prepare for all the conditions of one's country. Smacks of democracy, the physical education bill! "One-sided," continue the physcial expert, testifying against the military. "Gunlop." "One-sided," cries the feminist who believes in preparedness, but more in the |