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Queen; Superintendant General of the Pofts and Highways; Protector of the Royal Academy of the Noble Arts, and of the Royal Societies of Natural Hiftory, Botany, Chemistry, and Aftronomy: Gentleman of the Bedchamber in employment; Captain General of his Armies; Inspector and Major of the Royal Corps of Body Guards, &c. &c. &c. And the Prefident of the United States, with the advice and confent of their Senate, has appointed Thomas Pinckney, a citizen of the United States, and their Envoy Extraor dinary to his Catholic Majefty.-And the faid Plenipotentiaries have agreed upon and concluded the following articles:

Art. I. There fhall be a firm and inviolable peace and fincere friendship between his Catholic Majefty, his fucceffors and fubjects, and the United States and their Citizens, without exception of perfons or places.

Art. II. To prevent all dispute on the subject of the boundaries which separate the territories of the two high contracting parties, it is hereby declared and agreed to as follows: to wit, The fouthern boundary of the United States, which divides their territory from the Spanish Colonies of East and Weft Florida, fhall be defignated by a line beginning on the River Miffiffippi at the northernmost part of the thirty-firft degree of latitude North of the Equator, which from thence fhall be drawn due. Eaft to the middle of the River Apalachicola, or Carahsuche, thence along the middle thereof to its junction with the Flint, then ftraight to the head of St. Mary's River, and thence down the middle thereof to the Atlantic Ocean. And it is agreed that if there fhould be any troops, garrifons, or fettlements of either party on the territory of the other, according to the abovementioned boundaries, they fhall be withdrawn from the faid territory within the term of fix months after the ratification of this treaty, or fooner, if it be poffible; and that they fhall be permitted to take with them all the goods and effects which they poffefs.

Art. III. In order to carry the preceding articles into effect, one Commiffioner and one Surveyor fhall be appointed by each of the contracting parties, who fhall meet at the Nalches on the left fide of the River Miffiffippi, before the expiration of fix months from the ratification of this Couvention, and they fhall proceed to run and make this boundary according to the ftipulations of the faid article. They fhall make plans, and keep journals of their proceedings,

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which fhall be confidered as part of this Convention, and fhall have the fame force as if this was inferted herein. And if on any account it fhould be found neceffary that the faid Commiffioners and Surveyors should be accompanied by guards, they fhall be furnished in equal proportion by the commanding officer of his Majesty's troops in the two Floridas, and the commanding officers of the troops of the United States in the fouth-western territory, who shall act by common confent, and amicably, as well with respect to this point, as to the furnishing of provifions and inftruments, and making every other arrangement which may be neceffary or useful for the execution of this article.

Art. IV. It is likewife agreed, that the western boundary of the United States, which feparate them from the Spanish colony of Louisiana, is in the middle of the channel or bed of the river Miffiffippi, from the northern boundary of the faid States to the completion of the thirty-first degree of latitude north of the equator. And his Catholic Majefty has likewife agreed, that the navigation of the faid river from its fource to the ocean fhall be free only to his fubjects and the citizens of the United States, unless he should extend this privilege to the fubjects of other powers by a fpecial convention.

Art. V. The two high contracting parties fhall, by all means in their power, maintain peace and harmony amongst the feveral Indian nations who inhabit the country adjacent to the lines and rivers which, by the preceding article, from the boundaries of the two Floridas, and the better to attain this effect, both parties oblige themfelves expressly to reftrain by force all hoftilities on the part of the Indian nations living within their boundary; fo that Spain will not fuffer their Indians inhabiting their territory, nor will the United States permit their last mentioned Indians, to commence hoftilities against his Catholic Majefty, or his Indians, in any manner whatfoever.

And whereas feveral treaties of friendship exift between the two contracting parties and the faid nations of Indians, it is hereby agreed, that in future, no Treaty of Alliance, or other treaty whatsoever, (except Treaties of Peace) fhall be made by either party with the Indians living within the boundary of the other, but both parties will endeavour to make the advantage of the Indian trade common and mutually beneficial to their respective subjects and citizens, observing

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in all things the most complete reciprocity, fo that both parties may obtain the advantages arifing from a good understanding with the faid nations without being fubject to the expence which they have hitherto occafioned.

Art. VI. Each party fhall endeavour, by all the means in their power, to protect and defend all veffels and other effects belonging to the citizens or subjects of the other, which shall be within the ex tent of their jurisdiction by fea or by land, and fhall use all their ef forts to recover and caufe to be recovered to the right owners, their veffels and effects which may have been taken from them within the extent of their fajd jurisdiction, whether they are at war or not with the subjects who have taken poffeffion of the said effects.

Art. VII. And it is agreed, that the fubjects or citizens of each of the faid contracting parties, their veffels or effects, fhall not be liable to any embargo or detention on the part of the other, or any military expedition or other public or private purpose whatsoever. And in all cafes of feizure, detention, or arrest for debts contracted, or offences committed by any citizen or fubject of the one party within the jurisdiction of the other, the fame fhall be made and profecuted by order or authority of law only, and according to the regular courfe of proceedings ufual in fuch cafes. The citizens and fubjects of both parties fhall be allowed fuch advocates, folicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they judge proper in all their affairs, and in all their trials at law, in which they may be concerned before the tribunal of the other party, and fuch agents fhall have free access to be prefent at the proceedings in fuch causes, and at the taking of examina. tions and evidence which may be exhibited in the said trials.

Art. VIII. In cafe the fubjects and inhabitants of either party, with their thipping, whether public and of war, or private and of merchants, be forced, through stress of weather, purfuit of pirates or enemies, or any other urgent neceffity for taking shelter and harbour, to retreat and enter into any of the rivers, bays, roads, or ports belonging to the other party, they fhall be received and treated with all humanity, and enjoy all favour, protection, and help, and they shall be permitted to provide themselves, at reasonable rates, with victuals, and all things needful for the fuftenance of their perfons, or repara. tion of their ships, and prosecution of their voyage; and they fhall no ways be hindered from returning out of the faid ports or roads, but

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may remove and depart when and whither they pleafe, without any let or hinderance.

Art. IX. All ships and merchandize of whatever nature foever, which fhall be refcued out of the hands of any pirates or robbers on the high feas, fhall be brought into fome port of either State, and shall be delivered to the custody of the officers of that port in order to be taken care of and restored to the true proprietor, as soon as due and fufficient proof fhall be made concerning the property thereof.

Art. X. When any veffel of either party fhall be wrecked, foundered, or otherwife damaged, on the coaft, or within the dominions of the other, their respective subjects and citizens shall receive, as well for themselves as for their veffels and effects, the fame affistance which would be due to the inhabitants of the country where the damage happens, and fhall pay the fame charges and duties only as the said inhabitants would be subject to pay in like cafe; and if the operation of repairs would require that the whole or any part of the cargo be unladen, they fhall pay no duties, charges, or fees, on the part which shall relade and carry away.

Art. XI. The citizens and fubjects of each party fhall have power to difpofe of their perfonal goods within the jurifdiction of the other by testaments, denation, or otherwise, and their representatives, being subjects or citizens of the other party, fhall fucceed to their faid perfonal goods, whether by teftament or ab inteftato, and they may take poffeffion thereof either by themselves or others acting for them, and dispose of the fame at their will, paying fale duties only as the inhabitants of the country where the fame goods are, or shall be subject to pay in like cafes. And in cafe of the abfence of the reprefentative, fuch care shall be taken of the faid goods as of a native in like case, until the lawful owner may take measures for receiving them. And if questions fhould arife among feveral claimants, to which of them the goods belong, the fame fhall be decided by the laws and judges of the land wherein the faid goods are. And where, on the death of any person holding real estate within the territories of the one party, each real estate would, by the law of the land, descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not difqualified by being an alien, fuch a fubject fhall be allowed a reasonable time to fell the fame, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, and exempt

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Art. XII. The merchant fhips of either parties which shall be making into ports, or into a port belonging to the enemy of the other party, and concerning whofe voyage, and the fpecies of goods on board her, there fhall be just ground of fufpicion, fhall be obliged to exhibit as well upon the high feas as in the ports and havens, not only her passport, but likewife certificates, exprefsly fhewing that her goods are not of the number of those which have been prohibited as contraband.

Art. XIII. For the better promoting of commerce on both fides, it is agreed, that if war fhall break out between the two faid nations, one year after the proclamation of war fhall be allowed to the mer chants in the cities and towns where they fhall live, for collecting and tranfporting their goods and merchandizes; and if any thing be taken from them, or any injury done them within that term, by either party, or the people or fubjects of either, full fatisfaction fhall be made by the government.

Art. XIV. No fubject of his Catholic Majefty fhall apply for, or take any commiflion or letters of marque, for arming any ship or ships to act as privateers against the United States, or against the citizens, people, or inhabitants of the faid United States, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the United States fhall be at war. Nor fhall any citizen, fubject, or inhabitant of the faid United States, apply for or take any commiffion or letters of marque, for arming any fhip or ships to act as privateers against the subjects of his Catholic Majesty, or the property of any of them, from any Prince or State with which the faid King fhall be at war. And if any perfon of either nation fhall take fuch commiffion or letters of marque, he fhall be punished as a pirate.

Art. XV. It fhall be lawful for all and fingular the subjects of his Catholic Majefty, the citizens, people, and inhabitants of the United States, to fail with their fhips, with all manner of liberty and fecu rity, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the mer chandizes laden therein, from any port to the places of those who now are, or hereafter fhall be at enmity with his Catholic Majefty or the

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