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MEDICAL SUPERVISION OVER STUDENTS

Each year the faculty appoints a medical adviser to the students in the Medical School. This officer keeps a definite hour for consultation and when necessary visits students in their homes. Through him the services of specialists are secured when indicated.

Students of the first- and second-year classes are entitled to the advantages offered by the University of California Students' Infirmary in Berkeley. Students resident in Berkeley and requiring hospital care are provided for in the Infirmary, unless special nurses are necessary. Students of the third and fourth classes are similarly provided for in the University Hospital. A number of beds have been endowed for this purpose. Medical students, as well as all other students, in the University of California are required to pass a physical examination by the Medical Examiner before entrance to the University.

LIBRARIES

Instruction in the medical sciences and the various branches of clinical medicine is incomplete without constant reference to current and authoritative monographie and periodical literature. In research work the need of a complete reference library is obvious.

Each of the departments in Berkeley-Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology and Bacteriology-contains a separate departmental library which, although a unit of the general University Library, is thus segregated as part of the working equipment of each department. Through the generosity of Mrs. Phoebe A. Hearst and Mrs. William H. Crocker, these departmental libraries are unusually complete; they also participate in the annual distribution of University Library funds.

The library at the Medical School in San Francisco contains a good collection of textbooks and monographs, which is increased each year through a special annual appropriation. The best current journals in French, German, and English are on file. A trained librarian is in charge of this library.

LABORATORIES AND CLINICAL OPPORTUNITIES

Medical instruction of the first year and a half is carried on in the separate departmental buildings of Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pathology and Bacteriology situated on the University Campus in Berkeley. The present laboratory buildings are regarded as temporary, but are spacious and easily increased in size to meet growing demands; they are fully equipped not only for teaching but for research.

A new students' laboratory has been equipped in one of the existing buildings in San Francisco. This is used for instruction in clinical pathology, taught in the second half of the second year and also used

by the students of the third and fourth years, to perform their necessary individual laboratory work. The various clinical departments have laboratories situated in the buildings in San Francisco.

THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

The University Hospital is essentially a teaching hospital under the control of the Board of Regents of the University of California. The medical affairs of the hospital are so managed as to secure the most thorough utilization of the patients for the purpose of instruction and research.

Several endowment funds and the support of the University make free beds available for the study of interesting and unusual cases. The Associated Charities of San Francisco send to the hospital a number of deserving patients. Clinical material also is drawn from distant points. It is aimed to make this hospital a consulting place, to a great extent, for physicians of the State, a place where patients unable to pay for costly examinations or expert opinion may be sent for further investigation, returning to their own physicians with a report of the findings.

The new hospital building was erected and equipped by friends of the University at a cost of about $750,000. It is located on Parnassus avenue, between Third and Fourth avenues, directly adjoining the Medical School. The site overlooks Golden Gate Park, the Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco Bay, and the Pacific Ocean.

The hospital has a capacity of 220 beds, of which 50 are assigned to each of the following services, viz.: medicine, surgery, women's, and pediatrics. These different divisions are separated into distinct units, each pavilion extending back from the upper two floors of the main hospital building.

The main building is seven stories in height and extends along the entire Parnassus avenue frontage.

The floors are devoted respectively (1) to engine room, power plant, laundry and storage accommodations; (2) to kitchens, dining-rooms, laundry and receiving department for ambulance patients; (3) the main or administrative floor, to students' lobby, and students' recreation room. At the extreme western end of this floor are quarters for the house staff; on this floor also are the offices of the department chiefs; (4) operating rooms and laboratories; (5) actinography, photography, drug department, and isolation department; (6 and 7) ward floors-these are divided into separate units from east to west: (a) medicine, (b) surgery, (c) women's, (d) children's. Each ward unit is provided with its own teaching-room and laboratory.

As the investigation of obscure diseases and the instruction of medical students and post-graduates are two of the chief aims of the hospital, facilities for these purposes have been carefully provided.

There are four main operating rooms and two smaller operating rooms for use of the specialists. A separate entrance and lobby is provided for students. By this arrangement greater privacy is obtained for patients. This arrangement also possesses great advantages for the students as well as the staff.

Similarly throughout the hospital its efficiency as a teaching institution has been kept paramount. The construction is such that the capacity of the hospital may be doubled at comparatively small expense.

THE SAN FRANCISCO HOSPITAL

The San Francisco Hospital has occupied its new buildings since July 1, 1915.

The present group consists of an executive building and sixteen large wards, with well arranged service rooms and clinical laboratories adjacent.

One wing contains the surgical unit, with six large operating rooms and the amphitheatre, a well equipped Roentgen-ray department. The City has now completed an Emergency Hospital splendidly equipped as an operative department of the City's emergency service, which gives unexcelled advantages to interns, and students in emergency surgical work.

The pathological building is now nearing completion. On the first floor there is a morgue room, with twenty-four De Camio mortuary slabs, so that bodies may be kept in refrigeration. Adjoining this is a large pavilion and amphitheater for post-mortem work and a series of rooms, kennels for research work, preparation rooms, etc. The second floor, when completed, will be used as the main chemical and biological laboratories of the Department of Public Health. Opportunity will be furnished here for interns to receive instruction in laboratory work, including the examination of milk, water, blood, toxicological specimens and preparation of vaccines.

The post-mortem material in the hospital is invaluable.

The new tuberculosis wards to accommodate 250 beds and the isolation wing of 110 beds for infectious diseases are now in the course of construction.

The Medical School controls approximately 240 beds (exclusive of the tuberculosis wards). These are equally divided for instruction in clinical medicine, clinical surgery, and the specialties. Additional wards are used for the teaching of gynecology and obstetrics and pediatrics. The laboratories adjacent to the wards are fully equipped for the use of interns and students and the new laboratory building will give opportunity for special research.

OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT

The Out-Patient Department of the University Hospital provides facilities for instruction in all branches of clinical medicine and surgery.

Diseases of every type are treated in the various clinics, each of which is under the surpervision of a chief who is responsible for the instruction of the students.

During the third year and the first half of the fourth year groups of students are assigned to the clinics in medicine, surgery, woman's, pediatrics, dermatology, urology, ophthalmology, laryngology, orthopedic surgery, etc. In the last half of the fourth year students may elect to act as clinical clerks in some of the departments mentioned.

A large and varied clinical material is available and each year the growth of this department has been manifested by a continuous increase in the number of patients treated during the year. At present the daily average number of visits to the clinics is over 300. On account of this increase, clinics are being started in the afternoons to take care of the overflow. At these afternoon clinics in pediatrics fourth year students are assigned for definite clinical work. With this exception, all clinics are held simultaneously in the morning, so that patients may be referred from one clinic to another with great facility.

SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT

The Social Service Department has been thoroughly organized for the past two years. During 1916-17-18 there have been workers in the medical, woman's and children's clinics, and in addition voluntary assistance by students of the University has aided materially in carrying on the work of this department. The Social Service Department is in touch with all the various sources for medical care throughout the city, which very greatly facilitates the referring of cases to and from institutions and associations. A course for social service workers is being offered by the department in conjunction with the Department of Social Economics of the University. This work is under the direction of Dr. Louise Morrow, Director of the Department of Nursing and Lecturer in the Medical School. The Hospital is now arranging a course for properly prepared students in Social Service work.

TUBERCULOSIS CLINICS

The Department of Tuberculosis is under the charge of Dr. George H. Evans and is now maintained in conjunction with the San Francisco Society for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. Dr. Evans is also in charge of the University of California Medical School's service at the tuberculosis wards of the San Francisco Hospital. By this arrangement tuberculous patients of all types are available for investigation and teaching purposes.

THE CANCER WARD

Through the generosity of a friend of the Medical School a ward in the hospital is reserved for the treatment of patients suffering from malignant diseases. Advanced and inoperable cases are received, as well as those not too far advanced to be benefited by surgical or other treatment. Thus the variety of cases and the long residence of certain of them afford an unusual opportunity to observe all phases of malignant diseases.

THE HOOPER FOUNDATION FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH

The institution is located in a building adjacent to the hospital and its Director is also Professor of Research Medicine in the Medical School. A number of beds in the hospital are at the disposal of the Foundation and are occupied by patients suffering from diseases which at the moment are the subject of study and investigation by members of the Research Laboratory staff.

Professor Whipple and his associates offer elective courses to the medical students and a limited number of students may undertake research problems. The selection of such students will depend upon their fitness for this work. Opportunities also will be afforded graduates in medicine who wish to enter upon a career of research.

TEACHING FACILITIES AT THE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

An agreement with the Hospital for Children and Training School for Nurses adds a large amount of available teaching material. The children's medical, surgical, and orthopedic services have about seventy beds available for teaching purposes, and with the contagious pavilion the opportunities for instruction are very good. Opportunities for small sections to elect work in the Children's Hospital is possible.

COURSES IN HOMEOPATHY

The Regents of the University on January 1, 1919, accepted the Hahnemann Hospital as a gift. Through this magnificient gift there comes into the control of the University a hospital of 125 beds in which is to be developed a department in connection with Industrial Medicine, organized and officered by members of the Faculty. In 1918 the Hahnemann Medical College of the Pacific was abandoned and its property deeded to the University which now offers electives in Homeopathy in the University of California Medical School upon the following basis:

1. Beginning in August, 1915, all students matriculating in medicine must fulfill the requirements demanded by the University of California Medical School.

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