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within its boundaries. The total value of its mineral production during the year 1915 was $3,984,966, as compared with the 1914 output of $2,686,309. Santa Barbara, in company with only Fresno and Santa Clara, showed an increase in petroleum valuation for 1915.

Aside from the mineral substances listed below, Santa Barbara County contains asphalt, diatomaceous earth, gilsonite, gypsum, magnesite, and quicksilver in more or less abundance. Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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Population: 97,039 (estimate by Chamber of Commerce, 1913).
Location: West central portion of state.

Santa Clara County reported a mineral output for 1915 of $635,229 as compared with the 1914 figures of $266,956. This county, lying largely in the Coast Range of mountains, contains a wide variety of mineral substances, including brick, chrome, clay, limestone, magnesite, manganese, mineral water, petroleum, quicksilver, soapstone, and miscellaneous stone. It stood second in quicksilver yield for the year.

In twenty-seventh place, commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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Area: 435 square miles.

SANTA CRUZ.

Population: 26,140 (1910 census).

Location: Bordering Pacific Ocean, just south of San Mateo
County.

The mineral output of Santa Cruz County, a portion of which is itemized below, amounted to a total value of $1,581,511, giving the county a standing of fifteenth among all others in the state in this regard, though a slight decrease from the previous year's total.

Among the mineral resources known here are bituminous rock, cement, coal, graphite, gold, lime, limestone, petroleum, silver, and miscellaneous stone.

Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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Area: 3,858 square miles.

Population: 18,920 (1910 census).

Location: North central portion of state.

Shasta County stands second in California among the mineralproducing counties, with an output valued at $8,350,133, as compared with the 1914 production, worth $5,044,930. Not taking petroleum into account, Shasta leads all the counties by a wide margin. This county is first in copper production, first in silver, first in pyrite, first in zinc, and seventh in gold. The Shasta copper belt is the most important deposit of this metal on the Pacific coast, and the present production would be practically doubled were it not for the conflict between the agricultural interests and the smelters regarding the alleged damage done to crops by the smelter fumes. Some of the smelters have been closed by injunction and others have been forced to curtail their output in the effort to render their gaseous waste innocuous. The situation is showing improvement.

Shasta's mineral resources include: Asbestos, barytes, brick, chrome, coal, copper, gold, iron, lead, lime, limestone, mineral water, molybdenum, pyrite, silver, miscellaneous stone, and zinc.

Lassen Peak is located in southeastern Shasta County.

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Location: Eastern border of state, just north of Nevada County. Sierra County reported a mineral production of $729,518, consisting of gold and silver, during the year 1915, as compared with the 1914 output, worth $733,000. Considering gold output alone, this county stands ninth; and as to total mineral yield, twenty-fifth.

Aside from the metals itemized below, Sierra County contains deposits of asbestos, chromite, iron, lead, platinum minerals, serpentine, and talc.

Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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Area: 6,256 square miles.

Population: 18,800 (1910 census).

Location: Extreme north central portion of state, next Oregon boundary.

Siskiyou, fifth county in California in regard to size, located in a highly mineralized and mountainous country, ranks twenty-eighth in regard to the value of its mineral output for 1915. Although the county is traversed by a transcontinental railroad in a north and south

line, the mineral-bearing sections are almost without exception far from transportation and other facilities. A large part of the county is accessible by trail alone. Future development and exploitation will doubtless increase the productiveness of this part of the state to a great degree.

Among Siskiyou's mineral resources are: Chromite, clay, coal, copper, gems, gold, lead, limestone, marble, mineral water, pumice, quicksilver, sandstone, silver, and miscellaneous stone. Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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Area: 822 square miles.

Population: 27,559 (1910 census).

Location: Touching San Francisco Bay on the northeast.

Solano, while mostly valley land, produced mineral substances during the year 1915 to the total value of $1,335,923, ranking sixteenth among the counties of the state. Among her mineral resources are: Brick, cement, clay, fuller's earth, limestone, mineral water, natural gas, onyx, petroleum, quicksilver, salt, and miscellaneous stone. Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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SONOMA.

Area: 1,577 square miles.

Population: 48,394 (1910) census).

Location: South of Mendocino County, bordering on the Pacific
Ocean.

Sonoma ranked thirty-third among the counties of California during the year 1915, with a mineral production of $276,104, as compared with its 1914 output worth $326,144. More paving blocks are turned out here than in any other section of the state.

Among Sonoma's mineral resources are: Brick, chromite, clay, copper, graphite, infusorial earth, magnesite, marble, mineral paint, mineral water, quicksilver, and miscellaneous stone. Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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Population: 35,000 (estimated by the county board of supervisors).

Location: Center of state, bounded on south by Merced County. Gold is the chief mineral product of Stanislaus County, although brick, clay, gypsum, iron, manganese, mineral paint, quicksilver, and silver are found here to some extent as well. This county, for 1915, ranks thirty-seventh in the state in regard to value of minerals, with an output of $191,771. In order not to reveal individual business, the gold, platinum, and silver yield of its single dredge is combined with the data of other minerals.

Commercial production for 1915 was as follows:

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